Dagestan: cov pejxeem, keeb kwm thiab kab li kev cai

Cov yav qab teb ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation considers lub koom pheej ntawm Dagestan. Capital nws muaj rau ze li ntawm 100 xyoo, yog lub nroog ntawm Makhachkala. Qhov no koom pheej yog bordered nrog Georgia, Azerbaijan thiab Stavropol Territory, Kalmykia thiab Chechnya.

Cov pejxeem ntawm Dagestan

Kwv yees qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov koom pheej tau xwb tsis yog nws cheeb tsam, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov neeg uas nyob rau hauv nws. Census pejxeem ntawm Dagestan pom tias nyob rau hauv 2015 ib tug pej xeem ntawm 2.99 lab cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Cov kev ceev ntawm 59,49 cov neeg nyob ib km ^2. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nyob rau hauv 1989, raws li cov kev suav pej xeem, muaj nyob tsawg tshaj li 2 lab, thiab nyob rau hauv 1996 - 2,126 lab cov neeg.

Tab sis kwv yees qhov tseeb xov tooj ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm lub koom pheej yog tias koj paub tias ntau tshaj 700 txhiab. Nyob sab nraum cheeb tsam. Oh yog li ntawd ntau hais tsoom fwv ntawm cov kev kawm ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab Federation. Ntawm cov roob pejxeem ceev nyob rau hauv Dagestan nws yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj. Nyob rau nruab nrab, ib tug poj niam 2.13 me nyuam.

Hais tias cov pejxeem nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab thiab lub teb chaws lus ntawm Dagestan. Thaum muaj 14 tawm ntawm tag nrho cov haiv neeg hom lus ntawm lub koom pheej sau. Lwm tus yog hais lus. Tab sis feem ntau tsuas 4 lus pab pawg neeg.

Pejxeem txoj kev loj hlob

Txawv koom pheej thiab siab yug cov nqi. Nws occupies peb qhov chaw nyob rau qhov ntsuas no nyob rau hauv Russia. Ua ntej ntawm nws tsuas Ingushetia thiab Chechnya. Txhua txhua xyoo rau txhua tus txhiab neeg nyob dab tsi rau 19,5 cov me nyuam mos. 5 xyoo dhau los tus duab yog 18,8 nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej ntawm Dagestan.

Cov pejxeem yog loj hlob txhua txhua xyoo. Txoj kev loj hlob nqi ntawm cov xov tooj ntawm cov neeg yog lub siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Russia. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub zos ua neej nyob tsuas 45% ntawm cov neeg, thiab tus so - nyob rau hauv lub countryside. Txiv neej nyob rau hauv cov ntawv no ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation ib tug me ntsis tsawg, lawv qhia tawm yog 48,1%. Yog hais tias peb coj mus rau hauv tus account xwb cov pej xeem ntawm Dagestan, qhov no koom pheej Qib 13th rau tag nrho cov kev kawm ntawm lub Federation.

Faib los ntawm lub zos

Cov feem ntau populous yog lub capital ntawm cov koom pheej - lub nroog ntawm Makhachkala. Cia li 583 txhiab. Cov neeg nyob ntawm no. Thiab yog hais tias koj coj mus rau hauv tus account tag nrho cov kev koom, uas yog subordinate mus rau lub capital, nws yuav tuaj txog 700 txhiab. Cov neeg.

Kuj muaj ntau tus neeg uas nyob rau hauv lwm lub zos ntawm cov koom pheej ntawm Dagestan. Pejxeem Khasavyurt yog suab 137 txhiab, Derbend -. 121 txhiab, Caspian -. 107 txhiab, Buynaksk -. 63 txhiab.

Thaum uas nyob hauv cov ntsiab lus teb ntawm cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub koom pheej, feem ntau populous yuav Khasavyurt: nws suav rau 149 txhiab census .. Nyob rau hauv Derbent District, lub tsev mus rau 102 txhiab. Dagestanians nyob rau hauv Buynaksk thiab Karabudakhkent chaw 78 thiab 79 txhiab. Cov neeg feem.

National muaj pes tsawg leeg

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias cov pej xeem ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Dagestan yog ib tug tshwj xeeb lub zej lub zos nrog rau ib qho haiv neeg taw tes ntawm view. 50 txhiab. ^Km2 yog ntau tshaj li 100 ntau haiv thiab haiv neeg. Tsis txhob hnov qab hais tias ib feem ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev - yog uninhabitable roob.

Qhov tseem heev heev pab pawg neeg yog lub hauv paus txawm neeg - lub Avars. Raws li 2010 lawv muaj pes tsawg yog 850 txhiab. Cov neeg, uas nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm yog sib npaug zos rau 29,4% ntawm cov pejxeem. Cov neeg uas heev heev yog lub teb chaws Dargin. Qhov no kuj yog lub hauv paus txawm inhabitants ntawm lub teb chaws, li ntawd nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv sab laug. Dagestan pejxeem hlob, ntsig txog, thiab nce tus naj npawb ntawm haiv neeg. Nyob rau hauv 2010, nyob 490 txhiab Dargin (17% ntawm tag nrho cov) nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, thiab muaj ho tsawg dua nyob rau hauv 2002 -. 425,5 txhiab.

Peb coob yog Kumyks. Nyob rau hauv Dagestan, lawv nyob yuav luag 15%, los yog 432 txhiab. Txiv neej. Me ntsis tsawg Lezghins muaj, lawv ua li 13% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem. Tus nab npawb ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog sib npaug zos rau yuav luag 388 txhiab.

Tsis tas li ntawd raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov census, nws twb pom hais tias muaj tej haiv neeg yog noticeably me me thiab. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Dagestan nyob cia li tshaj 5% Laks, 4% thiab Azerbaijanis Tabasaran, 3.6% - Lavxias teb sab, 3.2% - Chechens.

kev cai dab qhuas sib txawv

Lub nroog pejxeem ntawm Dagestan yog heev ntau haiv neeg. Tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm yuav luag 90% ntawm ib txoj kev ntseeg. Feem ntau cov Muslim nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no. Yuav kom kis tau qhov kev ntseeg yog ib qhov pib ntawm lub hais tias lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv VII caug xyoo. Nws Ameslikas nyob rau hauv Derbent thiab nyob rau lub tiaj ib feem. Islam los ua tus tseem ceeb kev ntseeg xwb nyob rau hauv lub XIII-XIV centuries.

Yog li ntawd ntev nws ntawd kub ntev li nws yog vim lub kis thaum lub sij hawm rau ob centuries internecine kev tsov kev rog. Tab sis tsuas yog tom qab muaj qhov ntxeem tau ntawm lub Tatars thiab ces tua lawv Tamerlane Islam tau ua kev cai dab qhuas ntawm tag nrho cov inhabitants ntawm cov koom pheej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nyob rau hauv Dagestan, muaj yog ob tug ntawm nws cov kev taw qhia: Sunnism thiab Shiism. Cov Thawj zaug ntawm lawv muaj ib tug meej feem coob - 99% ntawm cov inhabitants ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Dagestan.

Pejxeem hais txog qhov seem 10% ntawm cov neeg uas tsis Muslims, muaj cov ntseeg Vajtswv thiab Judaism. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm muaj lub Orthodox 3.8% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem. Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab 90 tus. Dagestan yog ntau tshaj li 1.6 txhiab. Mosques 7 lub koom txoos thiab 4 synagogue. Xws li ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev cai dab qhuas qhov chaw muab ib tug lub tswv yim ntshiab ntawm dab tsi ntseeg prevails.

keeb kwm nta

Cov uas ua haiv neeg muaj ntau haiv neeg yog ib lub txim ntawm lub keeb kwm kev loj hlob ntawm lub cheeb tsam. Dagestan yeej ib txwm qhia tawm rau hauv uas twb muaj lawm keeb kwm thiab thaj cheeb tsam. Nyias faib xws cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws: huam yuaj, Akusha-of Dargo, Agul, Andria, Dido, auch, Kaitag, Lakia, Kumykov, Salataviya, Lekiya, Tabarstan thiab lwm tus neeg.

Lub chaw uas zoo heev uas niaj hnub Dagestan twb inhabited twb ib lab lub xyoo dhau los. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov kev tsov kev rog nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub xeem xyoo txhiab cov chaw Khazars tsiv nyob rau hauv kev mloog lus, thiab tom qab lawv coj lub Tartar-Mongols.

Imprint rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm sab laug thiab lub thib ob Lavxias teb sab-Persian tsov rog. Nyob rau hauv lub XVI xyoo pua lub Russians nrhiav tau lub nroog ntawm chaw nres nkoj-Petrovsk (Tam sim no Makhachkala), thiab kev lig kev cai annexed lub Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, tag nrho ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm lub Caspian hiav txwv.

Los ntawm XVII xyoo pua Dagestan tau ua rau hauv lub xeev ntawm Caucasian. Tab sis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua nyob rau hauv no lub teb chaws nws tau uprising, uas tau zus mus rau hauv lub Caucasus tsov rog. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nws twb tsim raws li ib feem ntawm lub Dagestan cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman nyob rau hauv lub tub rog lub teb chaws kev coj.

Nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm, lub Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic yog tsim los pab. Nyob rau hauv 1993, nws los ua ib tug koom pheej ntawm Dagestan.

Culture thiab kev ua si nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej

Vim nws ntau haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub koom pheej nws yog nws. Nws yoojyim nws cov cim nyob rau hauv cov kev cai kev loj hlob ntawm lub cheeb tsam. Piv txwv li, muaj ntau ntau lub teb chaws theaters, ntawm lawv lub Dargin thiab Kumyk. Laus Hauv lub zos, lub Citadel thiab ib tug xov tooj ntawm Derbent nroog chaw muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov UNESCO ntiaj teb cuab yeej cuab tam. Muaj txog 8 txhiab. Monuments.

Ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws depositories ntawm lub North Caucasus, uas yog ntau tshaj li 700 txhiab. Ntaub ntawv, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej ntawm Dagestan.

Cov pejxeem kuj yog kev koom tes nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si. Lub cheeb tsam yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv lub txais kev ntaus kis las achievements. Rau yav dhau los 50 xyoo, Dagestan yog nto moo rau nws fighters. Ntxiv mus, 10 cov neeg los ntawm cov cheeb tsam tau ua Olympic champions, 41 cov neeg twb muab tsub lub title ntawm lub ntiaj teb tau zus ib thiab 89 - European tus yeej.

lub teb chaws sawv

Nyias, tag nrho cov kev soj ntsuam muab sau lub cim lus dab neeg uas Dagestan. Lub hauv paus ntawm sab ntsuj plig cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm cov koom pheej yog nws multi-lingual thiab multi-ethnic cheeb tsam. Ncauj-poetic kos duab tsim txij ancient sij hawm. Nws muaj nws tus kheej ritual paj huam, mythological ib hom ntawv nyeem.

Fine kos duab tau tsim xwb nyob rau hauv lub XX caug xyoo. Nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej twb raws li nyuab thiab sculptors. Tab sis arts and crafts yog rooted nyob rau hauv lub hnub nyoog bronze. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv Dagestan ua hniav nyiaj hniav kub uas adorn lub enamel, kua mem sau, engraving. Ib co thaj tsam paub txog tooj liab embossing, ntoo khoom nrog nyiaj los yog notches inlay pob txha, ceramics nrog paintings, ntaub pua plag.