Creativity thiab ib nyuag Phau ntawv sau txog Zamyatina Evgeniya

Zamyatin Evgeniy Ivanovich (1884-1937), Lavxias teb sab txawj sau ntawv. Yug Lub ib hlis ntuj 20 , 1884 nyob rau hauv lub Lipetsk cheeb tsam. Nws txiv yog ib tug boyar thiab muaj ib tug loj cawv rau nws tus tub. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws yog ib tug pov thawj thiab qhia nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv. Niam Maria A. twb tsim thiab heev ntse poj niam. Nws siab kawg rau cov classic tej hauj lwm hauv cov ntawv nyeem, yog fond ntawm kev ua si hauv lub piano. Yevgeny Zamyatin saws ntau ntawm mothering muaj peev xwm thiab taug kev nyob rau hauv nws footsteps. Nws kuj xav tias, thiab nws xav nyob rau hauv tib yam li nws niam. Kev sib raug zoo nrog nws leej txiv twb tsis tuaj. Lawv to taub txhua lwm yam zoo kawg nkaus, thiab Zamyatin yeej ib txwm mloog cov tswv yim ntawm nws tus txiv.

Zamyatin biography qhia hais tias tus kws nws lub neej tag nrho nteg tawm hais tias lawv txaus siab ntawm nws niam nws txiv. Nws xav qhia rau cov neeg ntawm nws xav, xws li hais tias ntawm nws tej hauj lwm nyeem thiab xav txog lawv.

Childhood thiab cov hluas Yevgeny Zamyatin

Chiv Zamyatin Lebedyansky nkag mus hauv lub chav xyaum tes taw nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv thaum nws txiv qhia. Ces 9-xyoo txawj sau ntawv raug xa mus rau Voronezh tsev kawm ntawv, nws ntse kawm tiav nrog rau ib tug kub puav pheej nyob rau hauv 1902. Tom qab kev kawm nyob rau high school nws mus kawm nyob rau Polytechnic Institute nyob rau hauv cov kws qhia ntawv ntawm Shipbuilding. Nrog rau cov kev cob qhia nyob rau lub koom haum, nws twb koom nyob rau hauv kev dag nyob rallies. Lub tsev kawm ntawv twb nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, tab sis thaum lub sij hawm lub caij ntuj sov xyaum txawj sau ntawv pib taug kev mus rau lwm lub zos. Thaum rov qab los Zamyatin hais nyob rau hauv them nyiaj yug ntawm lub Bolsheviks, thiab nquag pab mus rau sab laug zog. Rau qhov no nws yog nyob rau hauv nws raug ntes, thiab nws yog ib tug ob peb lub hlis ntawm nws lub neej yog nyob rau hauv keev xeeb twj ywm. Thaum lub sij hawm no hnyav lub sij hawm uas nws tau qhia ib tug txawv teb chaws lus (Lus Askiv) thiab sim sau kwv huam. Nyob rau hauv Zamyatin muaj ntau ntawm cov sij hawm spare, thiab nws txiav txim siab los siv nws ntse ntsuav. 2 lub hlis tom qab nws raug xa mus Lebedyan, tab sis Eugene nyiag tuaj rov qab mus rau St. Petersburg. Tom qab uas nws twb dua xa rov qab. Nyob rau hauv 1911 nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Zamyatin. Luv luv biography thiab nws lub neej zaj dabneeg tsim nyog paub txog nws xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv.

Tus thawj zaj dab neeg ntawm tus sau

Biography Zamyatin nws tus kheej yog nplua nuj heev. Txhua lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv nws lub neej coj nws ib yam dab tsi tshiab. Thaum lub ncov ntawm hwjchim ci ntsa iab nyob Zamyatin, thaum nyob rau hauv "Kev Khi Lus" luam tawm nws tshiab "county". Nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg nws sau hais txog ib tug yooj yim, niaj hnub lub neej embittered thiab tu siab los ntawm tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no Anfima Baryby. Artwork tsim ib tug furor ntawm cov txawj nyeem ntawv.

Zamyatin xav hais tias lub style ntawm nws tej hauj lwm yog heev ze rau neorealism, tab sis txawm li no, nws tseem muab nws ua hauj lwm rau hauv ib lub grotesque surrealism. Ob xyoos tom qab, Zamyatin twb hu mus rau lub hoob hais plaub rau nws anti-tsov rog tshiab "Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm nowhere." Tom qab no qhov teeb meem, lub magazine, uas twb tso tawm rau nws zoo kawg li ua hauj lwm ntawm "county", twb txeeb. Ib tug zoo-paub critic Voronsky qhia nws lub tswv yim uas nyob rau hauv essence cov dab neeg no yog ib yam ntawm cov nom tswv mockery, piav txog cov txheej xwm uas coj qhov chaw tom qab xyoo 1914.

Achievements Yevgeny Zamyatin

Qhia altitudes thiab downs yog tus sau Phau ntawv sau txog nws. Yevgeny Zamyatin yog ib txog tej marine engineer. Nws cov kwv tij lossi mus rau Russia nyob rau hauv raws li cov kev pab. tshiab "North" sau nyob rau hauv 1915, nyob rau hauv uas nws tau piav tag nrho cov cwj pwm txawv seem ntawm lub dawm mus rau Solovki. Twb tau nyob rau 1916 Zamyatin koom nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm Lavxias teb sab icebreakers nyob rau hauv ces. Lawv Werfen icebreakers Newcastle, Glasgow thiab Sunderland. Nws qhia tag nrho cov kev tsim kho cov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv London. Nws puas ntawm no lub sij hawm ntawm nws lub neej rau tus neeg sau tau teev nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg "Lub Aisliasdawm" thiab "ntes neeg." Hais tau los ua ib tug tshiab impetus rau tus sau mus rau rethink lawv cov tswv yim thiab cov xeeb ceem. Qhov txawv tebchaws yog xav reflected nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws, nws ua hauj lwm thiab lub neej nyob rau hauv feem ntau.

Zamyatin muaj zoo sib hwm rau cov neeg uas ua rau lawv lub tshab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub neej niaj hnub, tab sis nws tsis tiv thaiv nws them sai sai mus rau lub shortcomings ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm lub thaj zej zog. Nyob rau hauv 1917, nws tuaj txog nyob rau hauv Petrograd Zamyatin. Biography hais tias nws los ua ib qho ntawm feem nrov nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv sau phau ntawv. Txawj nyeem ntawv txaus siab rau nws tej hauj lwm, cov critics hais zoo ntawm lawv.

Tsis tshua muaj neeg nyob ze kev sib raug zoo nrog cov zajlus pab pawg neeg "Serapion kwv tij" muaj Zamyatin. Luv luv biography ntawm tus sau piav qhia txog dab tsi nws pib los tuav lectures ntawm lub Polytechnic lub koom haum, nws tham txog cov xov xwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub koom haum. Herzen thiab kuv koom nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas nyob rau hauv ib tug xov tooj ntawm lwm yam universities. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nws ua hauj lwm nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm, Zamyatin tsis ntseeg hais tias nws yog muaj peev xwm mus paub ib co loj-scale nyuab, tsis pom ib tug muaj tswv yim peev xwm ntawm ib tug neeg. Txij li thaum txhua yam nyob ib ncig ntawm nws ciali Zamyatin meaningless, cov neeg no tsis muaj ntev dua rau nws yuav tsum tau tib neeg.

Nyob rau hauv cov dab neeg, "Niam" thiab "Lub qhov tsua," tus sau qhia nws lub tswv yim txog communism. Qhov no lub tswv yim rau nws yog sib npaug zos rau cov evolutionary theem ntawm tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob, lub zog ntawm lub qhov tsua txiv neej mus rau lub Supreme raug. Yog li ntawd ntseeg Zamyatin. Biography kuj qhia nws yog nws txoj kev ntseeg.

Lub tswv yim yooj yim ntawm Proletkult utopia nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm Zamyatin

Yevgeny Zamyatin xav hais tias nws yog tsim nyog los piav qhia rau cov neeg uas tag nrho cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub ntiaj teb no yog raws li nyob rau hauv kev puas tsuaj rau tus cuj pwm zoo ntawm tus txiv neej. Tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm xws li ib lub tswv yim muab nyob rau hauv America, tus tshiab "Peb" nyob rau hauv 1920, Zamyatin. Biography thiab ua hauj lwm nws tshwm sim los txaus siab nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob. Vim lub fact tias cov ua hauj lwm twb sau nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab, cov txawj sau ntawv xa nws mus rau lub Berlin lub tuam txhab knigopechati Grzhebina rau nws ua kom tiav translation ua lus Askiv. Cov dab neeg tau tau ntse kis, tom qab uas nws tau tso tawm nyob rau hauv New York. Txawm tias tus tshiab twb tsis luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union, tab sis critics reacted kom nws heev nruj nreem.

20s

Nyob rau hauv lub 20s biography Zamyatin twb cim nrog qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov khoom tshiab. Nws ua hauj lwm nyuaj tag nrho lub sij hawm. Nws sau tau ib tug xov tooj ntawm plays: "Society Honorable Tswb-Ringers," "Attila", "Dev mub ua." Cov hauj lwm twb tseem tsis menyuam, vim hais tias nws ideology ntawm lub neej nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union tsis to taub ib tug critic.

Stalin tsab ntawv

Nyob rau hauv 1931, Zamyatin pom tau hais tias lub Soviet Union nws muaj tsis muaj dab tsi ntau ua, thiab mus rau kev nws tsab ntawv mus rau Stalin. Cov tsab ntawv hais txog nrog cov cib fim rau koj tsiv lub teb chaws. Nws sib cav lub txawj sau ntawv yog qhov tseeb hais tias qhov phem tshaj txim hais tias yuav tsuas yuav rau tus sau - ib tug kev txwv tsis pub ua. Nws yog ib tug heev lub sij hawm ntev xav txog nws txav. Txawm tias tag nrho cov controversy, nws hlub nws teb koj chaw thiab nyob rau hauv tus da dej yog ib tug patriot. Yog li ntawd, nws tsim zaj dab neeg txog "Russia", uas yog luam tawm rov qab nyob rau hauv 1923. Nws yog ib tug kaj pov thawj ntawm kev hlub rau cov motherland thiab piav qhia txog cov taw tes ntawm view ntawm ib tug zoo txiv neej, Yevgeny Zamyatin. Biography luv luv qhia hais tias nyob rau hauv 1932, tus sau nrog rau kev pab los ntawm Gorky tseem tswj mus nyob rau hauv Fabkis.

Lub neej nyob rau hauv Paris

Thaum Zamyatin tuaj txog nyob rau hauv Paris, nws nyob muaj nrog nws Soviet pej xeem. Nws koom nyob rau hauv kev dag nyob ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, xinesmas, ua yeeb yam abroad. Cov ntsiab zaj dabneeg sau los ntawm Zamyatin txawv teb chaws - "Scourge ntawm Vajtswv". Nws yog tus kawg ua hauj lwm ntawm tus creator. Nws tau sau nws nyob rau hauv Paris nyob rau hauv 1938. Zamyatin yog heev yooj yim mus kho mus rau lub neej nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws, cov txawj sau ntawv xav kho siab, thiab tag nrho nws cov kev xav tau teem rau extraneous yam, es tsis creativity. Tag nrho cov dab neeg sau los ntawm nws, nws sim muab lub Lavxias teb sab, vim hais tias yeej tsis xav kom luam tawm dab tsi txawv teb chaws. Nws yog kiag li tsis nws txoj kev. Nws ua tib zoo saib qhov tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nyob rau hauv Russia. Tsuas yog ntau xyoo tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv nws teb koj chaw pib kho nws txawv. Cov neeg pom tau hais lawv tau poob ib co ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv.

Lub xeem xyoo ntawm lub neej ntawm Yevgeny Zamyatin

Biography Zamyatin heev ruam tag thiab unpredictable. Tsis muaj ib tug paub tias nyob rau hauv lub kawg txhua yam yuav tig mus rau cov kws ntawv hais tias txoj kev. Nyob rau hauv Tej zaum 1934, Zamyatin coj lub Writers 'Union, tab sis yog nws yog twb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws qhaj ntawv. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1935, nws tau koom nrog nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub Anti-fascist Congress rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm Culture, ua ke nrog lub Soviet delegates.

Kev tuag ntawm Evgeniya Ivanovicha Zamyatina

Nws tuag sau Lub peb hlis ntuj 10, 1937. Nws raug faus nyob rau hauv ib tug ntug zos ntawm Paris, nyob rau hauv lub toj ntxas nyob hauv Thiais. Tom qab qhov ntev zog xyoo tuaj belated paub thaum nws tuag Zamyatin Evgeniy Ivanovich. Nws biography proves tias tsuas yog tom qab lub zoo txawj sau ntawv tuag, nws ua hauj lwm tiag tiag menyuam. Nws yuav zoo siab heev tias nws cov kev siv zog nyob rau hauv vain, thiab sau ntawv ua hauj lwm muaj nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb thiab domestic ntaub ntawv. Nws thaum kawg los ua lub npe hu. Tu siab, tus sau tsis nyob mus saib lub hnub thaum cov pej xeem yuav txais thiab to taub nws txoj hauj lwm.