Boston Marathon 2013: tseeb thiab qhov yuav tshwm

Boston Marathon - ib xyoo ib zaug kev ua si kev tshwm sim, noj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv ob peb lub zos nyob rau hauv Massachusetts. Nws yog ib txwm muaj nyob rau hauv lub Patriot hnub (Patriots 'Day), nyob rau hauv peb hnub Monday ntawm Plaub Hlis Ntuj. Cov haiv neeg thawj twb muaj nyob rau hauv 1897. Nws twb inspired los ntawm txoj kev vam meej ntawm cov thawj marathon ntawm lub caij ntuj sov Olympics nyob rau hauv 1896. Boston Marathon - tus hiob txhua xyoo haiv neeg, uas yog tseem xam tau tias yog ib qho ntawm feem nto moo nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.

Marathon attracts nyob ib ncig ntawm 500,000 spectators, ua rau nws lub feem ntau nrov ntaus pob ncaws pob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv New England. Txawm tias nyob rau hauv 1897 cov haiv neeg twb tau mus kawm los ntawm ib tug tag nrho ntawm 18 ncaws pob, nws tam sim no muaj ib tug nruab nrab ntawm txog 30 000 sau npe koom. Jubilee Boston Marathon nyob rau hauv 1996 los ua cov ntaub ntawv rau tus xov tooj ntawm cov neeg: 38708 tau raug qhia rau nws mus koom cov haiv neeg, 36.748 neeg coj mus pib thiab 35868 tuaj rau lub finish line.

zaj dabneeg

Tus thawj Boston Marathon tau raug tsa nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 1897, tshwm sim los ntawm lub rooj txhawb siab ntawm cov haiv neeg nyob rau lub caij ntuj sov Olympics nyob rau hauv 1896 nyob rau hauv Athens. Nws yog tus hiob tu ncua kev khiav hauj lwm thiab Length ntawm lub thib ob nyob rau hauv North America.

Qhov kev tshwm sim yog timed rau kev ua koob tsheej ntawm lub hnub ntawm lub Patriots (Patriots 'Day) thiab ib lub cim txog kev twb kev txuas ntawm lub Athenian thiab American txoj kev ywj pheej fighters. Tus thawj khiav yog Dzhon Makdermott, khiav ib tug deb ntawm 24,5 mais nyob rau hauv 2:55:10. Cov haiv neeg, uas lub npe hu ua lub Boston Marathon, tau txij li thaum raug nyob txhua txhua xyoo. Nyob rau hauv 1924, pib tau tsiv mus rau Hopkinton, thiab lengthened qhov lawv mus lub 26 mais 385 yards (42.195 km). Qhov no yog ua kom tau raws li cov qauv teem rau ntawm lub Olympics nyob rau hauv 1908 thiab Txoj kev no IAAF nyob rau hauv 1921.

Chiv, Boston Marathon yog ib lub zos cov kev tshwm sim, tab sis vim nws muaj koob meej thiab hwj chim, nws pib nyiam runners los ntawm ib ncig lub ntiaj teb no. Thoob plaws feem ntau ntawm nws keeb kwm, cov kev tshwm sim yog kiag li non-profit, thiab tsuas yog nqi zog rau winning yog ib tug wreath woven los ntawm tus txiv roj ntoo ceg. Kev txhawb prizes muab tsuas pib nyob rau hauv lub 1980s, tom qab kev ncaws pob tau pib tsis kam koom tes nyob rau hauv cov haiv neeg tsis muaj teeb meem loj txeeb. Thawj nqi zog rau winning lub marathon tau txais nyob rau hauv 1986.

Cov tawm tsam rau cov poj niam txoj cai mus koom nyob rau hauv lub marathon

Cov poj niam yuav tsis pub officially koom nyob rau hauv lub Boston Marathon kom txog rau thaum xyoo 1972. Robert Gibb, raws li cov organizers ntawm cov kev tshwm sim, yog thawj tug poj niam khiav ib tug tag nrho marathon deb ntawm tag nrho cov (nyob rau hauv 1966). Nyob rau hauv 1967, Ketrin Svittser sau npe ua "K. V. Svittser", tau los ua tus thawj tug poj niam khiav mus txog rau lub xaus nrog lub official tooj ntawm cov neeg. Nws muaj kev tswj kom ncav cuag lub finish, txawm qhov teeb meem los ua lug paub, nyob rau hauv uas ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm lub koom haum saib xyuas ntawm lub marathon Jock Semple sim dua tawm ntawm nws chav tsev thiab tsis pub nws mus rau txoj kev khiav. Nyob rau hauv 1996, cov poj niam koom ncab nyob rau hauv lub marathon los ntawm 1966 mus 1971, thiab cov thawj mus tau mus txog lub finish line, twb retroactively officially lees paub tias champions. Nyob rau hauv 2015, hais txog 46% ntawm cov neeg koom nyob poj niam.

Scandal nrog Rozi Ruis

Lub scandal tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Boston Marathon nyob rau hauv 1980, thaum lub runner-lover Rosie Ruiz tuaj tawm ntawm tsis pom qhov twg thiab yeej cov haiv neeg cov poj niam. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub koom haum saib xyuas ntawm lub marathon los ua tej yam txawv thaum lawv nrhiav tau hais tias Ruiz yuav tsis pom cov yeeb yaj duab ntawm cov haiv neeg yuav luag mus rau thaum xaus. Tom ntej kev tshawb nrhiav qhia tias feem ntau ntawm Ruiz tsis cov txheej xwm, thiab ces, kwv yees li ib mais (1.6 km) rau ntawm finish, thiab tov nrog cov neeg coob coob tau yooj yim outstripped competitors. Tsev hais plaub teb tsis tsim nyog Rosie. Boston Marathon nyob rau hauv 1980, yog li, yeej lub Canadian kis las Zhaklin Garo.

xwm txheej

Nyob rau hauv 1905, James Edward Brooks los ntawm North Adams nyob rau hauv Massachusetts tuag ntawm mob ntsws sai tom qab ob khiav ib marathon, thiab tsis rov qab los tsev. Nyob rau hauv 1996, lub 62-xyoo-laus tug txiv neej los ntawm Sweden, tuag ntawm koj lub plawv nres. Nyob rau hauv 2002, lub 28-xyoo-laus Sintiya Lusero tuag ntawm hyponatremia.

Boston Marathon 2013

Thaum lub sij hawm lub marathon nyob rau hauv 2013, Plaub Hlis Ntuj 15, nyob rau ntawm lub 14:49 zos lub sij hawm, tom qab ntau tshaj ob xuab moos tom qab winners hla lub finish line nyob Boylston Street, kwv yees li 200 meters ua ntej lub finish line, muaj ob explosions, qhov kev ncua deb nruab nrab ntawm lawv yog 180 meters.

Lub moj tej tawg tua peb cov neeg thiab raug mob yam tsawg 144 neeg, ntawm uas 17 tau tiag raug mob. Ntawm cov neeg tuag yog ib yim-xyoo me nyuam tub. Tsis pab pawg neeg ntawm cov neeg phem tau thov luag hauj lwm rau lub bombings. Nws coj li Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Bureau of tshawb nrhiav (FBI) thiab cov duab ntawm lub ob suspects twb tau txais sai.

Thaum tsaus ntuj, hnub tim 18 nyob rau hauv ib tug shootout nyob rau hauv Cambridge nyob ze Massachusetts lub koom haum of Technology, raug tua ib tug policeman, ces pib ib lub lag luam rau txhom ob tug suspects, cov kwv tij Tamerlan thiab Dzhokhar Tsarnaevyh. Cov hlob ntawm lawv, Tamerlan, tuag nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov nyob rau hauv 19 Plaub Hlis Ntuj. Nyob ze cov neeg tau qhia rau nyob twj ywm rau hauv lawv tsev nrog lub qhov rooj xauv. Pej xeem thauj nyob rau hauv Boston tau kaw cia, nrog rau cov kev ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm Massachusetts Bay Tsheb thauj mus los Authority thiab Amtrak railway lub tuam txhab; Lawv kaw cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab universities, raws li zoo raws li ntau cov lag luam. Cov tib neeg txoj cai cov kabmob nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm lub xeev cov tub ceev xwm raided lub nroog ntawm Watertown, thiab 19 Plaub Hlis Ntuj, thaum 8:45 Dzhokhar Tsarnaev twb puas tau raug ntes.

Boston Marathon 2013 tawg uas tshwm sim los ntawm txoj kev tuag ntawm 8-xyoo-laus tub thiab 29-xyoo-laus poj niam (ob cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub suburbs ntawm Boston), raws li zoo raws li 23-xyoo-laus tus tub kawm ntawv los ntawm Tuam Tshoj, yog ib tug lossis loj qee rau tag nrho civilized ntiaj teb no. Ntawm cov tiag raug mob yog cov niam thiab tus muam ntawm tus tuag me nyuam tub.

Cov neeg ua phem nres rau ntawm lub marathon

Explosions ob bombs ntawm ua mib ntawm 15 vib nas this twb tau nyob ze Copley Square Boston. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm neeg ua phem tawm tsam tua peb cov neeg thiab raug mob ntau tshaj ib puas ntawm qhov ntau heev. Cov winners hla ntawm finish line hais txog ob teev ua ntej lub tawg, tab sis muaj tseem muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov runners uas tau tsuas khiav mus txog rau thaum kawg ntawm lub Boston Marathon.

Tus nres yog ib tug surprise rau txhua leej txhua tus: mus tua tej qhov ntshai heev txawm los ntawm neeg ua phem cov koom haum tau tshaj tawm.

Explosives nyob ntawm ib hom hais tias lawv yuav tau yooj yim ua noj lus qhia los ntawm hauv Internet los yog lwm qhov chaw. Cov heev yog hauv lub rau-liter siab cookers, uas tau muab zais rau hauv ib tug ntaub lis loos hnab ev khoom.

Shooting, caum thiab raug ntes

Tsis ntev tom qab cov duab raug luam tawm, muaj ib tug skirmish nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub Massachusetts koom haum ntawm Technology, nyob ze ntawm lub vaj tse 32 (Stata Center). Qhov no tshwm sim nyob rau hnub tim 18 ntawm 22 teev 48 feeb zos lub sij hawm (02:48 UTC). ob peb txhaj tshuaj tau ua. Cov mos txwv ntaus cov tub ceev xwm tub ceev xwm zaum nyob rau hauv ib tug saib xyuas lub tsheb. Nws raug coj mus rau Massachusetts General tsev kho mob, thiab, tom qab ib co sij hawm, cov kws kho mob konstantirovali tuag. Shon Kollier hu ua tub ceev xwm, nws yog 26 xyoo, nws tau yug los nyob rau hauv Somerville, Massachusetts, thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv fab tub ceev xwm ntawm lub Massachusetts koom haum ntawm Technology.

Tsarnaev tsev neeg yuav cov nyiaj Mercedes SUV nyob rau hauv Cambridge thiab yuam kom thim los ntawm lub ATM tswv $ 800. Noj cov nyiaj, lawv cia tus tswv tsev tshuab. Lub suspects hais rau nws tias lawv muaj lub luag hauj lwm rau lub bombing ntawm lub Boston Marathon. Tus tub ceev xwm twb tsis siv lub tsheb mus rau lub nroog ntawm Watertown, Massachusetts. Tub ceev xwm ua hauj lwm Watertown qhia ob peb clashes thiab skirmishes, thaum lub sij hawm uas tseem hnov explosions. Hais tias tib lub yav tsaus ntuj, cov ntawv xov xwm Cov Boston Globe qhia hais tias ib tug shootout coj ib feem cov neeg uas xav kom cov nres thaum lub sij hawm lub marathon. Ib tug gunfight nrog cov tub ceev xwm thiab cov tawg ntawm lub tej tawg hem ces muab pov tseg los ntawm criminals saib cov neeg nyob rau Watertown. Ib tug ntawm cov kwv tij twb ntes tau, tab sis lub thib ob kev tswj kom dim nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg nyiag SUV. Nyob rau hauv lub shootout, nws twb tiag raug mob 33-xyoo-laus cov tsheb tub ceev xwm tub ceev xwm Massachusetts Bay npe Richard H. Donahue Jr. Qhov zoo ces, lub qhov txhab yog tsis tuag.

Nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 19, tom qab ib lub tsheb caum thiab shootout nrog tub ceev xwm, ib tug ntawm cov suspects, Tamerlan Tsarnaev, nws raug coj mus rau lub Medical Center Beth Izreyel, qhov uas nws tuag los ntawm ntau yam raug phom thiab raug mob pab nyob rau hauv lub moj tej tawg. Cov FBI tso duab ntawm ob suspects nyob rau hauv Watertown txheej xwm. Qhov thib ob kwv tij, Dzhokhar, uas yog tej zaum kuj hu ua "tus neeg phem ntawd nyob rau hauv lub dawb lub kaus mom," raws li tus tub ceev xwm yog tseem nyob rau ntawm loj. Thawj Coj hais cov kwvtij tau ces muab pov tseg tawm ntawm nws lub tsheb tom tsev-ua foob pob nyob rau hauv cov tub ceev xwm uas caum lawv los ntawm Cambridge rau Watertown.

Nyob rau hauv 2015, yog ib lub perpetrators ntawm cov tawg, Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, twb pom ua txhaum rau 30 suav thiab raug txim mus rau txoj kev tuag.

nco txog

Plaub Hlis Ntuj 18 ntawm Boston Catholic Cathedral ntawm tus Vaj Ntsuj Cross tuav ib tug interfaith memorial kev pab cuam rau cov neeg raug ua phem tawm tsam. Nws ua si rau cov US President Barack Obama thiab ib co qub tub rog ntawm lub Boston Marathon.

Lub doping scandal nyob rau hauv lub marathon 2014

Lub marathon khiav lub xyoo no, Kenyan Rita Dzheptu tuaj mus rau ntawm finish kab ua ntej ntawm cov poj niam. Txawm li cas los, nws twb tsis tsim nyog tom qab tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lub ntiaj teb Anti-doping Agency tshaj tawm hais tias nws xeem rau banned tshuaj pom ib tug zoo tshwm sim. Hearings nyob rau hauv rooj plaub twb muaj nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 2015.

Boston Marathon 2016

Nyob rau hauv 2016, American Jami Marseille los ua tus thawj uas tau mus txog lub finish line ntawm lub Boston Marathon poj niam uas muaj ob qho tib si ob txhais ceg amputated. Ua cov kev tshwm sim tau Bobbi Gibb, tib ib tug uas tau khiav ib marathon 50 xyoo dhau los, nyob rau hauv 1966. Tus khiav ntawm lub 2016 poj niam, lub Ethiopian kis las atsede baysa, Bobbi Gibb muab nws nqi zog. Nws pom zoo kom yuav tsum ua nws nyob rau hauv cov mob uas nyob rau hauv ib xyoo nws los txog rau Ethiopia thiab xa rov qab qhov tseeb tswv ntawm lub khob.