Bender Fortress: keeb kwm, duab, ncig xyuas

Ib tug zoo heev monument ntawm defensive architecture ntawm lub XVI xyoo pua yog tus Bender Fortress. Cov duab no stronghold, raws li zoo raws li nthuav cov lus qhia txog cov nplooj ntawv ntawm nws keeb kwm, koj yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Bender: hauv paus ntawm lub nroog thiab tsim kho ntawm lub fortress

Bender lub zos originated qhov chaw nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lub XV caug xyoo. Keeb nws twb hu ua Tighina (los ntawm txoj kev, Romanians thiab Moldovans ib co hu nws li ntawd, tseem). Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub qhov chaw lub npe no yuav ua tau txuam nrog lo lus "cua ntsawj ntshab", raws li cov kev sib hais haum nws tus kheej tuaj ze rau ib tug loj hla ntawm lub Dniester.

Renamed lub nroog nyob rau hauv Turks Bender, nws tau yuav lub zos av nyob rau hauv 1538. Lawv yog cov tib ob xyoos tom qab, thiab tau pib tsim tau ib tug mighty fortress ntawm no. Txawm hais tias nws yog lub npe hu hais tias ua ntej Bender twb nyob rau hauv lub defensive cheeb tsam ntawm lub Moldavian King Shtefana Velikogo.

Bender fortress yog tsim los ntawm tus naas ej vajtse Sinan, uas thaum lub sij hawm nws ntev (yuav luag ib puas xyoo) lub neej ua dua peb puas vaj tse nyob rau hauv lub ces Ottoman Empire. Nyob rau hauv lub yav tas los USSR muaj lwm architectural monument ntawm nws authorship - ib tug mosque Han-Jami nyob rau hauv Yevpatoria.

Impregnable fortress Bender

Evliya Çelebi, tus naas ej Turkish traveler ntawm lub XVI xyoo pua, muab peb cov thawj keeb kwm piav qhia ntawm lub fortress nyob rau hauv lub Transnistrian nroog. Bender Fortress yog ib tug raug Western European fortification bastion hom. Nws siv pib yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab nkag mus rau hauv lub nroog nyob rau hauv lub ports. Cov tag nrho lub zos yog thawj surrounded los ntawm ib tug sib sib zog nqus moat thiab siab ncej. Tus heev tib yam fortress, uas nyob rau ib lossis loj cheeb tsam ntawm 67 hectares, yog muab faib ua ob qhov chaw: sab sauv thiab sab.

Vim nws thaj chaw, Bender fortress tau los ua ib tug tseem ceeb xaiv yaam taw tes rau ntau xyoo. Paramount tseem ceeb nws ua si thaum lub sij hawm lub Lavxias teb sab-Turkish kev tsov kev rog.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm Bendery fortress nco heev heev npaj siab mus ua phem rau nws. Txawm li cas los, feem ntau ntawm lawv twb hai. Txog thaum lub 1770s lub fortress yog kiag li impregnable.

Cov fortress thaum lub sij hawm lub Lavxias teb sab-Turkish kev tsov kev rog

Thaum lub sij hawm lub Lavxias teb sab-Turkish kev tsov kev rog ntawm Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog, raws li peb paub, peb lub sij hawm noj no tseem ceeb leeg fortress ntawm tus ntug dej ntawm lub Dniester. Thawj coj Bendery fortress twb muaj nyob rau hauv 1770. Lag luam, uas ntawd kub ntev li ntau tshaj 60 hnub, coj los ntawm Perth Panin. Lub attackers muaj kev tswj kom puas yog ib tug ntawm tus yees ntawm lub tsev fuabtais, tom qab uas lub Lavxias teb sab los nyob rau saum. Thaum lub sij hawm lub capture ntawm lub fortress Bender tua txog li 30% ntawm tag nrho cov tub rog Panina - txog rau txhiab tub rog. Txawm li cas los, lub hom phiaj twb tiav thaum kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 1770, lub xyoo Lavxias teb sab tub rog band nyob rau hauv Bendery fortress ceeb toom nyob rau hauv nws cov capture.

Los ntawm txoj kev, lub Lavxias teb sab Empress Catherine II criticized no yeej, hu rau nws ib tug Pyrrhic yeej. Cuaj kaum, tus Ottoman Empire, tsis tau ntawm no tseem ceeb yam khoom yog ib tug tiag tiag kev puas.

Tom ntej kev Bender Fortress Lavxias teb sab coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv 1789 thiab 1806. Tab sis, ces txhua yam mus tsis muaj ntshav. Yog li, nyob rau hauv 1789 lub Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog nyob rau hauv cov coj ntawm Grigoriya Potomkina coj nws tsis muaj ib tug sib ntaus, thiab nyob rau hauv 1806 - lub fortress twb ntes raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cunning thiab kev xiab nyiaj Turkish garrison rawv nws.

Raws li yog lub npe hu, Lavxias teb sab-Turkish ua tsov ua rog twb heev heev rau lub Ottoman Empire. Tom qab lawv kawm tiav Russia ncua nws cov cawv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws thoob plaws hauv Bessarabia.

Nthuav lus tseeb hais txog tus Bender Fortress

Nrog rau qhov no architectural monument thiab fortification yog txuam ib tug ntau ntawm nthuav cov lus tseeb, uas nyiam tourists mus rau lub fortress. Ntawm no yog ib co ntawm lawv:

• Bender fortress ua tiav raws li nws cov kev tiv thaiv tus muaj nuj nqi muaj cai mus txog rau qhov kawg ntawm lub thib nees nkaum xyoo pua! Txawm niaj hnub no, nws yog stationed nyob ze cov tub rog unit ntawm lub unrecognized lub xeev - lub Pridnestrovian Moldavian koom pheej.
• Fortress sheltered nyob rau hauv 1709 Ukrainian Hetman Ivan Mazepa thiab Swedish King Charles XII, uas khiav tom qab lub yeej ntawm Poltava. Mazepa sai sai no thiab tuag nyob ntawm no, nyob rau outskirts ntawm Bender, nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Varnita.
• Nrog rau cov me nyuam los tu ntawm lub Bendery fortress nws yog vim nyob rau hauv 1711 thiaj li hu ua teb chaws Europe tus thawj Constitution - lub Constitution Pilipa Orlika, uas yog tus successor ntawm tus tuag Mazepa.
• Nyob rau hauv Bendery fortress nws yog tam sim no tsim txom Tsev khaws puav pheej - tsuas yog ib nyob rau hauv Transnistria.

Munchausen lub ntsiav nyob rau hauv lub tshav puam ntawm lub fortress ntawm Bendery

Tsis yog txhua tus paub hais tias tus naas ej inventor thiab adventurer Baron Munchausen - qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug zajlus ua cim. Xws li ib tug neeg, nyob rau hauv tib lub npe, yeej muaj tseeb tiag. Baron Munchausen los ntawm tus German Bondenverdera nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XVIII xyoo pua, tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab pab tub rog thiab coj ib feem nyob rau hauv lub capture ntawm Lavxias teb sab Bakhchisarai, Perekop, Khotin thiab Yevpatoria. Tab sis ntawm no yog muab cov Lavxias teb sab ua tsis tau tejyam Bendery fortress ntawm lub sij hawm no, thiab lub Baron los ua ib tug tim khawv.

Nyob rau hauv kev, ib tug storyteller Munchausen yuav yooj yim "ya" nyob rau lub npe nrov keeb ntawm tej Fortress cov teb chaws Europe. Tab sis Bender thawj sobrazili uas yuav ntse siv mus nrhiav tau no keeb kwm. Nyob rau hauv lub tshav puam ntawm lub Bendery fortress tsim lub feem ntau legendary cannon pob, uas ya mus Saxon Baron.

Tam sim no raws li txoj cai thiab txua dua ntawm lub Bendery fortress

Nyob rau hauv 2008 pib lub yav tas los npaj loj-scale reconstruction ntawm lub fortress. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo nyob rau hauv Bender siv theatrical kev kawm los ntawm kev noj Bender strongholds. Thaum lub fortress txheej txheem lub kiag ntawm Lavxias teb sab hwjchim ci ntsa iab, tsim Pilipa Orlika Constitution monument, raws li zoo raws li lub npe nrov Baron Munchausen.

Thaum lub fortress tam sim no ua hauj lwm ob tsev cia puav pheej: thawj - ib yam ntawm cov tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm kev tsim txom, thiab lub thib ob yog kev paub txog lub keeb kwm ntawm Bendery fortress. Txij li thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 2012 rau lub tourists souvenir khw, nyob qhov twg, nyob rau hauv particular, nws yog tau mus yuav ib tug nplua nuj ceramics thiab ntoo, ua los ntawm lub zos craftsmen.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 2013 pib lub thib ob loj reconstruction ntawm lub fortress ntawm Bendery. Nyob rau hauv kev, peb pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub kho tshiab ntawm lub architectural complex ntawm ob yees. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, qhov nyuab pleev xim rau cov interiors ntawm lub fortress ntawm lub tuam tsev Aleksandra Nevskogo. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov no yog lub xyoo kawm ntawv txoj kev loj hlob muaj zog yog cov coob: nyob rau hauv 2013 lub fortress twb tau mus xyuas los ntawm ntau tshaj 14 txhiab tus neeg.

Nyob rau hauv 2014 nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub complex yuav tau ib tug zoo shooting ntau, qhov chaw uas txhua neeg mus ncig tebchaws yuav ua hauj lwm tawm ntawm lub shooting ntawm tus hneev los yog hneev tua tav toj, thiab xav tias zoo li ib tug tiag tiag medieval warrior. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo ua hauj lwm pib rau kho tshiab ntawm lub qab ntawm lub fortress. Niaj hnub no Bender Fortress yog nce ua ib tug txaus nyiam mus ncig tebchaws lo lus uas peb. Qhov tshaj plaws xwb uas tej zaum xav yuam kev tourists ntawm no - qhov no yog ib tug tub rog unit stationed nyob ze. Txawm hais tias cov tub rog tau ntev tau accustomed mus rau tourists.

Bender Fortress ntes rau nyiaj muas thiab banknotes li lub koom pheej ntawm Moldova thiab cov Transnistrian thawj coj. Yog li ntawd, lub pob zeb yuav pom nyob rau cov nqi kho mob nyob rau hauv lub 100 Moldovan lei thiab 25 Transnistrian rubles. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub fortress yog xwm li nyob rau souvenir 100-ruble npib muab nyob rau hauv Transdniestria nyob rau hauv 2006.

Bender Fortress excursion, thaum lub sij hawm

Txhua txhua xyoo ntau thiab ntau tourists nyob ze thiab nyob deb txawv teb chaws attracts lub nroog ntawm Bendery. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus central landmark yog ib lub npe ntawm tus naas ej Bendery fortress. Excursion mus rau lub fortress - yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws txoj kev uas yuav kawm txog cov feem ntau fascinating nplooj ntawv ntawm nws keeb kwm.

Fortress Bender tam sim no qhib rau txhua leej txhua tus uas xav tau. Nws ua hauj lwm txhua txhua hnub los ntawm 9 am mus 18:00. Tus nqi ntawm cov mus kawm rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub fortress yog 25 Transnistrian rubles. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia ob yam tseem ceeb nuances: firstly, cov nyiaj them yuav tsum yog nyob rau hauv lub txiaj ntawm qhov kev unrecognized koom pheej, thiab tib ob, tus nqi ntawm kev txais neeg kawm rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm txawv teb chaws lub teb chaws - yuav tsum ob zaug raws li high school.

Cov fortress yuav kom thiab ncig saib, tus nqi yuav txawv los ntawm 50 mus rau 150 Transnistrian rubles (nyob ntawm seb cov pab pawg neeg loj thiab ntev ntawm cov feem ntau excursion). Tsis ntev los no, lub fortress los ua tau kom ib daim ntawv qhia, lus Askiv hais lus. Txawm li cas los, rau xws li ib tug kev pab cuam rau txawv teb chaws neeg ncig teb chaw tau them lwm 25 rubles.

Bender Fortress Tsev khaws puav pheej kev tsim txom

Muaj nyob rau hauv lub chaw uas zoo heev ntawm Bendery fortress cim nyob rau hauv nws cov ntsiab lus Tsev khaws puav pheej - Tsev khaws puav pheej kev tsim txom. Nws twb qhib raws li nyuam qhuav raws li lub caij nplooj zeeg 2012. Qhov no tsev cia puav pheej qhia medieval riam phom, cuab yeej thiab tu siab heev chav nyob rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev tsim txom. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub them nyias rau kev nkag mus rau qhov no tsev cia puav pheej yog tsis tsim nyog.

Lub tswv yim los tsim xws li ib tug tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau lub fortress neeg ua hauj lwm yug mam li nco dheev, tom qab ib tug mus ntsib mus rau ib qho ntawm lub tsev fuabtais yees. Raws li nws yog lub npe hu, yog yav tas los nyob rau hauv tsev rau txim rau petty tub sab thiab marauders. Pej thuam yog tseem fwm vintage handcuffs thiab shackles rau neeg raug kaw. Lawv tsis ntev ntxiv ib ob peb ntau kab txawv seev ntawm kev tsim txom, thiab cov no ib tug tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv tus pej thuam. Niaj hnub no, tourists yuav pom no lub interrogation lub rooj zaum, kolenodrobilku, plunges tshis thiab lwm yam phem yam.

Nyob rau hauv xaus ...

Bender Fortress - ib tug tshwj xeeb fortification monument nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj teb chaws Europe. Ua rov qab nyob rau hauv 1540, lub xyoo nws ntsib nyob rau hauv nws lub neej muaj ntau yam turbulent cov txheej xwm. Niaj hnub no lub fortress - yog lub feem ntau nrov tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi site nyob rau hauv Transnistria.