Belarus: xwm thiab nws txoj kev txuag cov chaw

Cov koom pheej ntawm Belarus, qhov xwm ntawm uas yog heev picturesque, yog ib lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv sab hnub tuaj teb chaws Europe thiab sab hnub poob sab yog bordered los ntawm Poland. Nyob rau hauv sab qab teb sab nws yog Ukraine, nrog ib tug qaum teb hnub poob - Latvia thiab Lithuania, thiab nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thiab sab hnub tuaj - Russia. Cov koom pheej lub chaw uas zoo heev yog heev compact thiab yog hais txog 207 txhiab square meters. km. Xwm ntawm Belarus yog nto moo rau nws stunning nram hav, toj, forests thiab pas dej.

Niaj hnub nimno Belarus thiab cov xwm

Lub teb chaws yog yuav luag tag nrho cov riddled nrog tuab Hydrographic nets ntawm cov dej ntws, pas dej thiab ntws. Lub tiaj nrag ntawm lub dej ntws maj mam muab zij nram hav khab seeb, txawv los ntawm lawv cov tortuosity thiab watersheds yog nraum, vim hais tias khiav los ntawm cov marshes rau sab qab teb. Ib tug thib kaum ntawm lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub teb chaws muaj dej nram hav thiab nyob rau hauv sab qab teb sab ntawm lub lem dhau tus glacier yog ib tug ntau dav ntiav nram hav los ntawm lub sis tsis ncaj lawm. Yog li ntawd, qhov xwm ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Belarus yog nto moo rau ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov dej tshiab pas dej ntawm ntau ntau thiab tsawg thiab depths - uas muaj tshaj 10 txhiab. Feem ntau cov feem ntau tsim nyob rau hauv reservoirs lacustrine pab pawg neeg. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog cov Ushachsky, Braslavskaya thiab Narochanskaya.

Lub teb chaws no kuj yog nto moo rau nws forests, occupying 40% ntawm cov chaw uas zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Belarus xwm yog tej nrog Alder thiab spruce nyob rau hauv sab qab teb - oak thiab ntoo thuv, nyob rau hauv lub central ib feem ntawm cov loj hlob ntau elm, hornbeam thiab oak ntoo. Cov lawv peb yuav nrhiav tau berries thiab siav nceb. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib tug ntau nyob rau hauv lub forests ntawm lub teb chaws blueberries thiab cranberries. Tsis tas li ntawd loj hlob ntawm no cranberry, blueberries, raspberries, cranberries thiab roob tshauv. Lub ntsiab khoom vaj khoom tsev yog lub hav zoov nyiaj ntawm Belarus. Nws muaj ntau tshaj li 9.4 hectares ntawm plantations thiab ua txhua xyoo, li ntawd, lub teb chaws yog lub npe hu ua tom hav zoov.

Raws li hais saum toj no, 10% ntawm cov cheeb tsam no yog them unevenly faib marshes thiab tsawg-dag struts, overgrown nrog reeds thiab nyom, uas yog ib tug tshwj xeeb ecosystem. Ntuj marshes coob loj nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob Polesie. Transitional bogs nrog ntxhuab, fab ntawm cov tsiaj qus rosemary thiab Myrtle, raws li zoo raws li ntoo thuv forests yuav muaj nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ib feem ntawm Belarus. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb yog cov bogs nrog thickets ntawm butterbur, paj rwb nyom thiab sundew. Tag nrho cov ntawm cov chaw no nqa tawm cov kev ua ntawm lub tank, pub mov rau dej thiab lub softening kub hloov nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij ntuj sov. Cov tsiaj qus Belarus nrog nws marshes tau ua ib qho zoo heev vaj tse rau ntau ungulates ntawm nas thiab nas noog.

Tsiaj cov kev pab ntawm qhov nyob rau hauv Belarus

Xwm ntawm Belarus nrog nws mixed forests, tiaj nyom zaub thiab marshes yog ib cov paaj vaj tse rau mos lwj, npua teb qus, elk, nyuj qus thiab nto moo. Yog nrhiav tau ntawm no thiab txhom xws li martens, hma, badgers, hma, xim av bears, otters thiab mink. Belarus, qhov uas tau attracted ntau hom endangered, muaj txog 309 cov npe ntawm cov noog. Lub chaw uas zoo heev rau ua zes yuav rov qab spoonbills, cormorants, gray us, hais tsis tau lus kuab thiab daj herons.

National chaw ua si thiab kev tiv thaiv qhov chaw ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Belarus

Lub ib ncig ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Belarus yog ib tug ntawm cov greenest lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe thiab yog nto moo rau nws cov cim chaw dawb huv thiab xwm reserves. Lossis loj array ntawm primeval forests yog Bialowieza tom hav zoov. Nws stretches ntawm Belarus rau hauv teb chaws Poland los ntawm lub watershed ntawm Pripyat, Neman thiab Western Kab laum. Nyob rau nws tag nrho deg hauv cheeb tsam ntawm 150 m, muaj txog 55 hom ntawm loj tsiaj, thiab ntau tshaj 200 hom noog. Tab sis lub ntsiab inhabitants Bialowieza Hav zoov yog European nyuj qus (nyuj qus) uas tau yav tas los lawm tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub disappearance theem.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov cim kev tiv thaiv cheeb tsam yog Berezanskii Reserve. Nws yog ib tug system ntawm ancient ntoo thuv forests, bogs thiab Moraine toj. Dhau li ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov tsiaj thiab noog, muaj 700 hom ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-sab ntawm lub Gomel cheeb tsam, yog nyob rau lub tsev txhab nyiaj ntawm lub Pripyat dej, "Pripyat" national park. Nws yog nto moo tsis tsuas yog rau cov nws cov inhabitants nyob rau hauv lub primeval floodplain ntoo qhib forests, tab sis kuj yuav ntses fauna. Tsis tas li ntawd noteworthy national park "Braslav Pas dej" thiab "Naroch".

Yos hav zoov thiab nuv ntses nyob rau hauv Belarus

Txij li thaum lub tsiaj qus xwm ntawm Belarus yog nws nyob rau hauv lub mus yos hav zoov lub teb chaws nyob teb chaws Europe muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw. Teem primeval swamps thiab forests yog dej siab rau ntau yam tsiaj, ua kev zoo siab nyob rau hauv txais kev ua si. Nyob rau hauv Belarus yos hav zoov sawv tau hloov zuj zuj tiam dhau ib tiam, rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov tsiaj qus attracted tus mloog txawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab tsars, Polish Vaj thiab princes ntawm Kiev. Thaum lub sij hawm no, Belarus, qhov uas yog nws nyob rau hauv nws cov kev zoo nkauj, qhib rau kev yos hav zoov tag nrho cov xyoo puag ncig. Txij li thaum lub pas dej thiab cov niam dej ntawm cov koom pheej inhabited los ntawm ib tug xov tooj tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntses (carp, eel, bream, perch, smelt, chub, perch, burbot, Rudd, etc ..), Muaj yog txhua txhua hnub koob meej loj hlob ntawm kev nuv ntses. Amateurs thiab cov tub txawg ntawm kev nuv ntses yuav nrhiav tau cov poj niam dej, xws li cov Neman, lub Berezina, Dnepr, Vilia, SOG, Western Dvina, Western Kab laum, Pripyat thiab Gorin.

Environmental kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv Belarus

Ua hauj lwm koom pheej cim ntau yam muaj thiab fauna, thiab yog chaw rau ntau tsawg tsawg thiab endangered hom, heev npaum li cas ntawm lub teb chaws tau muab tus txheej xwm ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Tag nrho cov cheeb tsam no yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, yog tus ecological muaj nuj nqis rau Central thiab Eastern Europe. Yog vim li cas Tus Xwm Conservancy nyob rau hauv Belarus thov mus rau lub 4 lub teb chaws chaw ua si, biosphere reserves thiab 84 lub teb chaws reserves. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws muaj 861 natural monument ntawm lub zos thiab lub teb chaws tseem ceeb, uas txaus siab rau ib tug tshwj xeeb lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub preservation ntawm biodiversity.