Barberry Bush: hauj lwm, cog thiab kev kho mob

Zoo nkauj ornamental tsob nroj - barberry - muab koj infield tej yam yees siv thiab cim saib mus rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum lub Bloom ntawm nws daj paj nrog ib tug muag heev aroma, thiab kom txog thaum lig Autumn, thaum tus txhuam ntawm liab txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tag nrho nrog rau txaus txiv kab ntxwv nplooj. Thiab yog hais tias peb ntxiv rau no lub siab lam zog, lub cog ntawm hav txwv yeem barberry - ib tug kaw qhov teeb meem. Kev kho mob rau no nroj tsuag yog yooj yim, thiab lub hedge yog tsuas yog gorgeous.

Nqe lus piav txog cov nroj tsuag

Lub npe ntawm no thawj ornamental shrub tuaj los ntawm lub Arabic beriberi, uas txhais tau hais tias - ib lub plhaub. Cov nplais ntawm cov paj yeej nco nws. Nws yog qhov txawv ntawm branchiness, thorns thiab bark ntawm lub teeb xim daj tsob nroj barberry. Qhov loj ntawm Bush tau ncav cuag ib qhov siab ntawm 3.5 m Rhizomes - lignifying, creeping. Tua nrog ib sab - ncaj, daj, tom qab lawv yuav tig grey-dawb. Tsob ntoo luv dua los ntawm cov pos hniav tuaj yeem tawm mus rau 4 cm ntev, nyias, elliptical los yog obovate. On ntev tua tsim los ntawm peb mus rau tsib spines txog li 2 cm nyob rau hauv ntev.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nyob rau hauv lig Plaub Hlis thiab thaum ntxov May, fragrant txhuam ntawm daj paj tshwm rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tus naj npawb ntawm lawv tuaj yeem ncav cuag txog 25 daim. Los ntawm kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hli, fruiting ci liab los yog liab txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm ib tug oblong daim ntawv ntawm Bush. Barberry muaj noob txog li 7 hli ntev, muaj zog thiab flattened nyob rau hauv nws lub Upper ib feem.

Kev faib tawm thiab ecology

Ua ntej, barberries yuav pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, lub Caucasus thiab East East. Nws nyiam ib lub hav zoov-steppe cheeb tsam uas muaj lub teeb txaus thiab qhuav av. Koj tuaj yeem ntsib nws hauv toj siab, ntawm qhov siab tshaj 2 km. Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug barberry Bush loj hlob nyob rau hauv cov qus? Cov nroj tsuag muaj ib qhov zoo nkauj tsis zoo. Niaj hnub no, ua tsaug rau qhov tseeb hais tias ib tug loj pes tsawg tus ntau yam yog bred, ib tug zoo nkauj shrub ntawm barberry yog tsis pom tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub Arctic los yog Antarctica.

Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb

Ntxiv nrog rau ripened berries, tag nrho lwm qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj alkaloid berberine. Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm muaj kuj yog lwm yam alkaloids: hydroxyacanthine, yigrovin, palmatin, columbam. Nyob rau hauv bark muaj ntau tannins thiab aromatic resins, nyob rau hauv cov nplooj muaj vitamin K. Ripe txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj carotenoids - lutein, flavoxanthin, xanthophyll, thiab lwm yam., Thiab zoo li suab thaj, malic acid, pectins.

Txawm nyob hauv Ancient Rus, cov ntsujplig, cov ceg ntoo thiab cov tawv ntoo tau hais txog cawv kom tsis txhob khiav cov ntshav ntawm qhov txhab thiab tshem tawm cov mob. Barberry yog ib qho tshuaj tua kab mob zoo tshaj plaws, khoom plig zoo tshaj, uas tau kho nrog ntau yam mob khaub thuas. Txoj kev lis ntshav ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, txaus siab rau daim siab. Thiab nyob rau hauv ancient Rome, nws ntseeg hais tias barberry coj kev zoo siab thiab koob hmoov, yog li ntawd nws tau kev tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv txhua txoj kev tau.

Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub official tshuaj, tincture on cawv los ntawm nplooj yog siv nyob rau hauv gynecology kom txhob uterine los ntshav thiab inhibit inflammatory kev. Berberine kho cov teeb meem ntawm lub hauv siab ntawm lub siab thiab gallbladder. Dej infusions ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tswj los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm malaria, ua tsaug rau ib tug muaj zog diaphoretic vaj tse. Nrog rheumatism, nws calms qhov mob.

Daim ntawv thov ntawm barberry

Cov ntaub ntawv thov widest tau muaj nyob hauv cov txiv ntoo hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus: kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, jams thiab jellies. Thiab ntxiv hmoov los ntawm qhuav berries nyob rau hauv lub sauce mus rau nqaij, thiab koj cov txheeb ze rau lub pob ntseg tsis yuav dragged los ntawm lub phaj. Nyob rau hauv Middle Asia, Pilaf tsis tau siav tsis barberry, thiab cov neeg ntawm Caucasus ntxiv nws mus rau horseradish.

Vim qaub saj barberry yog muaj peev xwm hloov vinegar. Thiab unripe marinated txiv hmab txiv ntoo tau zoo hloov hloov capers. Tincture thiab decoction nyob rau hauv Veterinary tshuaj yog siv raws li ib tug hemostatic rau ntau wounds nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj.

Barberry thiab cev xeeb tub

Hmoov tsis, nrog rau qhov teeb meem no, koj yuav tsum tau kiag li noj ob qho tib si berries thiab ntau yam tinctures. Vim hais tias ntawm alkaloids muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, nchuav menyuam yog tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tuaj yeem ua rau tus tsim muaj ntshav txhaws.

Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho me me ntawm ntses rau nqaij nrog barberry cov ntsiab lus yuav tsis ua mob, yog li yog tias koj xav tau, ces noj noj qab haus huv. Cia li tsis txhob hnov qab hais tias txhua yam yuav tsum nyob hauv kev nplij siab.

Yuav ua li cas thiab qhov twg cog ib barberry

Cog Bush barberry pib nrog xaiv ib qho chaw. Qhov no nroj tsuag prefers qhib cheeb tsam, zoo zes los ntawm lub hnub. Thiab rau hom uas muaj rau hauv Central Esxias, koj yuav tsum xaiv qhov chaw kom tsis muaj cov ntawv npaj. Yuav tsum tau rau av Bush barberry nthuav tawm cov nram qab no: loams los yog zoo qhuav-xau, vim hais tias cov nroj tsuag tsis nyiam waterlogging.

Cog ib tug Bush barberry ntawm allocated rau nws rau txoj kev loj hlob qhov chaw yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, ua ntej lub buds pib Bud, tab sis nws yog ib qhov ua tau kom cog nyob rau hauv Autumn, thaum nplooj pib crumble nquag. Ua ntej yuav tsaws nyob rau hauv lub qhov taub, ntxiv ib qhov dej ntawm humus, lub ntiaj teb thiab xuab zeb (hauv vaj huam sib luag). Qhov tob yuav tsum yog 25-30 cm rau 2-3-xyoo-laus seedlings thiab 40-50 rau 5-7-xyoos. Yog hais tias koj npaj kom ua ib tug hedge, koj yuav tsum cog bushes nyob rau hauv ib tug trench. Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv koj cheeb tsam lub av yog acidic, piv txwv li peat, tom qab nyob rau hauv lub bushes, 200 grams ntawm ntoo hmoov av, txiv qaub los yog dolomite hmoov - 300-400 grams, yuav tsum tau siv. Ntawm chiv, tsuas yog 100 g ntawm superphosphate yuav tsum tau.

Yuav ua li cas tu rau ib tug barberry Bush

Yog hais tias koj cog barberry bushes, tu lawv yuav tsis yooj yim. Yog hais tias lub site rau cog yog xaiv pib raug, thiab cov av tau muab nrog zoo aeration, ces lub keeb kwm yuav noj qab nyob zoo thiab tau ua tsis taus pa. Tsuas yog qee zaus koj yuav tsum plam cov av thiab ntxuav cov nroj.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, thaum pib ntawm lub caij los yog sai li sai tau tom qab flowering, koj yuav tsum tau txiav lub barberry. Tu cev ua txhua xyoo. Qhov kev txiav txim no yog tsim los ntawm kev ua lub teeb ci thiab tshem tawm cov qaug zog thiab muaj mob tua kab. Thiab tsis txhob hnov qab txog thorns ntse ntawm barberry thaum kev saib xyuas. Tom ntej no xyoo, tom qab cog nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, koj yuav tsum tau pub koj barberry nrog nitrogen fertilizer. Qhov loj ntawm lub Bush thiab nws cov lush Bloom yuav xav thov ua tsaug rau tej kev kho mob. Koj yuav tsum tau noj dua txhua txhua peb lub xyoos.

Lub ntsiab txoj kev ntawm luam ntawm barberry

Muaj plaub lub ntsiab txoj hauv kev tawm tsam nyob rau hauv thaj tsam koj thaj chaw: faib qhov me me, cog nrog txheej, lub caij ntuj sov cuttings thiab noob.

• Noob yuav tsum tau cog rau lub caij nplooj zeeg. Muab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab los ntxuav, yaug nrog dej ntws thiab qhuav. Muab lawv tso rau ib qho tob uas tsis ntau tshaj li ib nrab. Cov av yuav tsum tau xoob rau tib lub sijhawm, thiab qhov chaw tsaws yuav tsum tau zoo kom sov tawm ntawm lub hnub. Los ntawm lub caij ntuj sov lub nroj tsuag yuav thov koj nrog amicable tua. Tab sis nws yog ib qhov zoo dua rau hloov ib barberry Bush tom qab ib xyoos.
• Tus nroj tsuag yooj yim reproduces by means of lub caij ntuj sov cuttings. Tsuas yog muab lawv cov nyiaj tsawg rau hauv av thaum lub Rau Hli, thiab hauv ob peb xyoos koj yuav muaj txaus cov khoom cog.
• Division ntawm Bush yog lwm txoj kev ntawm luam. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub ntsiab Bush yog kom zoo zoo raws li tsis txhob puas rau hauv paus system, thiab txiav mus rau hauv ob peb qhov chaw. Yog hais tias lub keeb kwm yog heev tuab, lawv yog cov yooj yim sawn nrog thiab qhov tau muab cog nyob rau hauv tshiab Wells, nplua moj moistening lawv ua ntej cog.
• Lapping yog ua tiav nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav los ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov ceg zoo. Ib ncig ntawm lub bush grooves yog furrowed, rau hauv uas xaiv xaiv ceg yog pw. Muaj lawv tsau thiab nchuav nrog lub ntiaj teb thiaj li tsuas yog ib sab saum toj. Tag nrho lub caij yog zoo watered, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg koj yuav tau npaj txhij-rau-nroj bushes.

Kab tsuag thiab kab mob

Txawm hais tias tus zoo nkauj Bush barberry yog heev resistant rau ob qho tib si fungal kab mob thiab cov pests, nws yog tseem raug rau lawv. Anthracnose thiab powdery mildew tshwm sim feem ntau los ntawm fungal lesions. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, tus kab mob tshwm sim li puag ncig me ntsis ntawm xim av ntawm nplooj, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - dawb, raws li yog hais tias sprinkled nrog hmoov, quav hniav nyob rau ceg, nplooj thiab paj. Fungal attack yog thawj qhov cim ntawm cov dej rov si. Fungicides yog siv rau kev kho mob, thiab pruning ntawm qhov chaw tshuam yog nqa, uas yuav tsum tau hlawv.

Barberry yog ib tsob nroj uas yog tus tswv ntawm ib tus nplhaib ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb, xws li xeb fungus, uas cuam tshuam rau cereals. Tias yog vim li cas nws cultivation tom ntej no mus rau teb ntawm rye thiab hom qoob mog yog unacceptable. Qhov tsuas yog kos yog barberry ntawm Tunberga, uas yog tsis raug mus raus kis. Thaum tus kab mob nyob rau hauv nplooj yog pom thaj chaw ntawm txiv kab ntxwv nrog pawm ntawm lub underside, nyob rau hauv uas lub ripening ntawm spores nyob rau hauv loj loj qhov ntau. Lawv kis mus rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ob qho tib si qus thiab kab ke haiv neeg, nrog kev pab ntawm cua.

Lwm tus kab mob ua rau lub fungus ntawm genus Fusarium. Tus kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm keeb kwm, uas rot, thiab fungus raws lub nkoj nce ntawm cov ceg, ua rau lub wilting ntawm Bush. Yog tias koj txiav ib ceg, koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm xim av.

Ntawm kab, feem ntau yog Kab Tsuag yog barberry aphid. Nws lub xub ntiag yuav pom los ntawm ntsws ntsws thiab qhuav nplooj. Yog xav tau tshem ntawm aphids nws yog ua tau nrog kev pab ntawm ib tug daws ntawm ntxhua khaub ncaws (on ib thoob dej 300 g). Caterpillar ntawm ib lub paj moth noj berries. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lawv cov tsos, kho barberry nrog "Chlorophos" los yog "Decis".

Qhov feem ntau cov hom barberry

Heev unpretentious nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm Berberis vulgaris, los yog ib txwm barberry, uas nws qhov siab muaj peev xwm ncav cuag ob los yog ntau tshaj meters. Cov nplooj yog tab xim nyob rau hauv ib tug maub ntsuab xim, thiab lub paj - nyob rau hauv ib tug ci ntsa iab daj. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog cov tau yooj yim, muaj kua, nrog sourish saj, tab xim nyob rau hauv ib lub ci xim liab.

Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv koj cheeb tsam loj heev frosts, ces qhov no yog rau koj. Nws zoo siab ua siab txias thiab muaj kev paub zoo los ntawm ntuj qhuav heev. Nws muaj peev xwm yuav multiplied los ntawm cov noob, los ntawm dividing Bush thiab cuttings. Xav tau ib tug hedge, thiaj li hais tias tsis muaj leej twg tau dhau mus? Barberry dog dig yuav pab nyob rau hauv no. Txawm li ntawd los, tiv thaiv koj bushes los ntawm tshaj noo noo, qhov no yog heev susceptible rau cov kab mob tshwm sim los ntawm fungi.

Cov nroj tsuag muaj ntau ntau yam:

• Atropurpurea yog ib tsob ntoo qos yaj ywm, lub yees duab uas nthuav tawm hauv qab no, nrog rau nplooj liab.
• Aureomarginata yog ib tsob nroj bordered los ntawm ib txoj kab kub.
• Lub albovariagate nrog variegated nplooj.

Thaum reproducing ntawm thawj ntau yam, nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub siab hais tias thaum cog noob tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov nroj tsuag yuav khaws nws cov varietal yam ntxwv.

Berberis canadensis, los yog barberry, Canadian, raws li lub npe implies, tuaj ntawm North America. Nws txawv ntawm cov kwvtij ntawm European los ntawm kev sib kis loj dua. Resistant mus rau Frost thiab drought. Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau kev tsim kho av nyob rau hauv American teb chaws, yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv Russia nws yog tsawg kawg.

Berberis thunbergii, los yog barberry Tunberga, uas yog los ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Nyiv. Nws yog ib lub me me nroj tsuag hauv qhov siab txog li ib lub 'meter', tab sis nyob rau hauv kab nws yuav ncav cuag ib thiab ib nrab ntawm cov metres. Tus tua raug them nrog pos pos hniav heev. Paj ntawm reddish-daj xim yog sau on 2-4 pieces hauv me inflorescences. Tab sis berries rau zaub mov yog unsuitable vim hais tias ntawm lawv cov saj saj, tab sis cov noog noj lawv nrog zoo Library.

Tsis zoo li cov kwvtij nyob sab Europe thiab Amelikas, Barberry Tunberg Xyaum tsis raug kev txom nyem los ntawm fungal kab mob, nrog rau xeb. Propagating nws tsuas yog raws li cov noob, thiab faib lub Bush, nws yog ib qho yooj yim kom dhau thiab cuttings. Cov hom no muaj ntau tshaj 50 hom, uas txawv nyob rau hauv thawj xim ntawm nplooj, lawv cov puab thiab loj. Yog hais tias koj tau ntsib ib tug txawv pleev xim rau barberry Bush, lub yees duab ntawm uas koj xav tau, feem ntau yuav, nws yog Tungberg.

Berberis x ottawiensis, los yog Ottawa barberry, - ib tug hybrid ua los ntawm hla liab barberry thiab Thunberg. Lub ntsiab qhov txawv yog qhov tsaus nti purple nplooj yog obovate. Thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg los, lawv tau pleev xim rau hauv nplua nuj liab. Zoo nkauj txhuam ntawm daj nrog ib tug reddish ntxoov ntxoo ntawm paj, uas yog sau rau 8-10 hom, Bloom nyob rau hauv lig May. Los ntawm nws cov "niam txiv" cov nroj tsuag tau nrhiav tau tag nrho qhov zoo tshaj plaws - kev zoo nkauj ntawm coloring, unpretentiousness thiab kev tiv thaiv rau fungal kab mob.

Berberis koreana, los yog Kauslim Barberry, qhov siab ntawm lub Bush uas ncav cuag ob meters, tau loj nplooj obovate, leathery mus rau kov. Nyob rau hauv Autumn lawv tab xim nyob rau hauv ib tug liab-xim liab tsos nqaij daim tawv. Tus cog los ntawm lub ceg av qab teb Kauslim. Paj yog sau nyob rau hauv ntev txhuam ntawm 15-20 pieces, thiab tsis hnov tsw yog heev zog. Barberry yog unpretentious heev nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas thiab resistant rau Frost. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cua daj cua dub winters nws saum tau khov. Tab sis lub thaw yuav tsis qab ntxiag rau nws, nyob rau lub sij hawm no rau nws lub humidity yog heev high, thiab no nroj tsuag, raws li paub, yog heev susceptible mus xeb.

Berberis integerrima, Los yog barberry tagnrho, tuaj rau peb tsev neeg thaj av ntawm Central Asia, qhov chaw uas nws hlob nyob rau ntawm ib qhov chaw siab tshaj ntawm 2500 meters saum toj siab hiav txwv. Qhov siab ntawm lub shrub ncav cuag ob thiab ib nrab ntawm cov meters. Cov spines yog cov me, ib thiab ib nrab centimeters ntev, thiab cov nplooj nrog ib tus ntug kev ntug yog dyed nyob rau hauv ib lub suab greyish-ntsuab. Nyob rau hauv lub inflorescence, txog li 20 paj ntawm daj xim yuav sau, thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo maub maroon nrog ib tug kov ntawm azure xim. Tag nrho barberry Bush tsis nyiam acid av. Kev cog thiab tu nws yog yooj yim heev. Cov neeg laus cov txiv neej zoo kawg nkaus ciaj sia taus txawm lub caij ntuj no, tab sis cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj peev xwm thiab Frost, tab sis yooj yim zam pruning thiab sai sai loj hlob.

Berberis sphaerocarpa, los yog barberry sharoblodny (nyob rau hauv lwm txoj kev lawv hu ua bipartite), tuaj rau peb nyob rau hauv thaj av ntawm thaj av ntawm lub roob ntawm Central Asia. Cov nroj tsuag tuaj yeem ncav cuag 2.5 meters ntawm qhov siab, kis heev, nrog cov me-sawed sawv ntawm grey-ntsuab tsos nqaij daim tawv. Sau ntawm 5-10 paj ntawm inflorescence yog heev fragrant. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog cov nplaum tawg yog xim ntsuab xiav.

Cov pejxeem ntawm Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan thiab Tajikistan routinely siv berries nyob rau hauv ua noj ua haus, ntxiv mus rau lub kua rau barbecue thiab Shurpa. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog ib qho zoo heev uas yuav tua tau scurvy, zoo li lawv cov nplua nuj nyob hauv ascorbic acid.

Qhov no yog hom heev unpretentious nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas, tolerates txawm tias ib tug muaj zog tshav kub thiab ib tug ntev drought. Nws yog zoo zam los ntawm frosty winters, tab sis cov tub ntxhais hluas tua tau txom nyem, yog li nws yog zoo dua los npog lawv. Tab sis ntau humidity muaj peev xwm ua rau tus kab mob ntawm barbarous barberry, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws xeb. Nres nws nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw uas tsis tshuab los ntawm cua, thiab cov av qhuav thiab tsis acidic, thiab koj yuav txaus siab rau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo delicious thiab zoo nkauj tsos. Propagates zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm cuttings thiab noob.

Berberis nummularia, los yog barberry nyiaj npib, tuaj rau peb ntawm lub kauj ruam ntawm Central thiab Northern Asia. Lub Bush yog ceg qhuav tuaj txog li 2 metres siab. Cov ceg ntawm cov xim liab yog npog nrog cov kab loj loj li 3 cm ntev. Cov nplooj yog cov nplhaib-ntsuab nyob rau hauv cov xim, heev nruj, tag nrho, oblong-elliptical nyob rau hauv cov duab. Loj paj ntawm ci daj xim yog sau nyob rau hauv txhuam. Cov berries yog oval nyob rau hauv lub ripe daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ci liab xim. Ua ntej 3-4 xyoos ntawm barberry yog raug khov, tom qab uas nws rov qab rau ib lub sij hawm ntev. Tsis nyiam nyiam moistened av, raws li nws yog heev susceptible rau fungal kab mob. Tab sis lub drought, txawm muaj zog thiab ntev, yog tsis ntshai. Cov av yuav tsum kom nws muaj lub teeb, tsis yog acidic.

Amur barberry los ntawm lub Far East. Nyob rau hauv cov qus, nws prefers los khom ntawm tus ntug dej hiav txwv thiab hav zoov sawv. Outwardly, nws txawv me me ntawm Amur barberry dog dig, nws qhov siab tau mus txog 3.5 m. Loj serrated nplooj ntawm glossy-ntsuab xim nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg los ua daj los yog liab.