Balaklava Bay nyob rau hauv Crimea. Balaklava Bay - lub hauv paus ntawm submarines

Balaklava Bay yog lub sijhawm yim neeg ntiaj teb. Tsawg kawg, yog li cov inhabitants ntawm Crimea ntseeg. Koj tuaj yeem pom zoo nrog lawv, vim qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.

Tus Balaklava yog ib qho teeb meem vim yog tectonic txhaum. Tus nkag rau nws yog nruab nrab ntawm lub capes ntawm George thiab Kouron. Cov xim muaj qhov zoo nkauj, nws tau muab zais los ntawm cov roob, yuav luag pom ntawm lub hiav txwv. Cov dej nyob hauv qhov chaw no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi thaum cua daj cua dub nyob rau hauv cov seas siab. Cov phenomenon no yog txuam nrog daim ntawv ntawm ntuj. Nws zoo nkaus li tsab ntawv S. Balaklava bay nyob rau hauv Crimea, undoubtedly, yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau visited attractions.

Kev piav qhia

Lub me me yog - nws ntev yog 1500 meters, thiab dav siab tshaj plaws yog 425 meters. Qhov tob ntawm Balaklava bay ranges ntawm 5 mus rau 36 metres. Lub nqaim meandering nkag mus rau qhov chaw nres nkoj ua rau nws pom tsis pub dhau lub hiav txwv. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, Balaklava bay tau ntev lawm tsis yog qhov chaw nkaum ntawm cov tsiaj, tab sis kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv cov cua daj cua dub. Lwm qhov chaw zoo li no tsis yog nyob ntawm Dub Hiav Txwv.

Keeb kwm

Cov ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Balaklava Bay neeg tau nyob txij thaum lub sij hawm immemorial. Nyob rau hauv VI xyoo pua BC. Ntawm no yog cov neeg ua phem ua lag luam, ntau tom qab nyob rau hauv cov chaw no cov Greek cov neeg laus. Lawv muab lub npe hu ua Sumbolon Limen, uas txhais tau tias "chaw nres nkoj ntawm cov cim, cov ntawv cuav."

Nws yog nyob hauv tus npau suav ntawm Odyssey lub siab tias cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws tau ntsib los ntawm bloodthirsty lystrongs. Muaj ntau tus kws txawj ntseeg tias qhov no yog ib pab pawg neeg ntawm Taurians, uas nyob ntawm no txij thaum ub thaum ub. Cov Taurians nyob ntawm lub hiav txwv thiab tau muaj kev npau taws heev. Nws tsis totaub tias Homer yuav piav txog Balaklava Bay. Thaum cov kws tshawb fawb nrhiav tsis tau cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm qhov no. Mention ntawm qhov chaw no yog pom nyob rau hauv cov hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv txawj sau ntawv uas nyob hauv thawj ib-paus xyoo ntawm peb lub sijhawm - Arriane, Strabo Pliny tus Txwj Laug, Ptolemy. Tab sis tsis muaj leej twg hais cov lus hais haum, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txog lub nroog.

Nyob rau hauv XVII xyoo pua, Russia tau los ua ib lub tebchaws uas muaj hwjchim loj, thiab pib tawm tsam kev Dub Dub nrog Turkiye. Tswj cov teeb meem nyob rau hauv Tavrik Russia txij thaum 1772. Keeb kwm, ib qho tseem ceeb point yog tus naval sib ntaus sib tua ntawm balaclava (1773), uas lub siab tawv Lavxias teb sab sailors honorably yeej los ntawm lub Turks, txawm hais tias tus preponderance ntawm lub hwj chim yog nyob rau sab ntawm tus yeeb ncuab.

Nyob rau hauv 1774, muaj kos npe rau ib tug kev thaj yeeb treaty nrog Russia, Qaib ntxhw officially lees paub kev ywj pheej ntawm Crimean ceg av qab teb. Nyob rau hauv 1783, Catherine II kos npe rau ib daim ntawv txiav txim rau lub annexation ntawm Crimea mus rau Russia.

Thaum lub sij hawm Crimean War, Askiv tub rog nyob hauv Balaklava Bay. Tus British tau tsim ntawm no thawj lub tsheb ciav hlau nyob rau Crimean thaj av qab teb. Nyob rau hauv lub nroog ntawm Balaklava muaj cov chaw ntiav pw, khw muag khoom, kev lom zem ua lag luam. Lub pier tau ua rau ob sab ntawm lub hiav txwv.

Thaum lub sij hawm Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Thoob Ntiaj Teb rau Fascists yog qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov Crimea. Balaklava bay nrog ib lub chaw yoojyim heev yooj yim rau cov Germans. Mus ntes nws, cov neeg ua haujlwm raug xa mus rau 72th Infantry Division kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov tso tsheb hlau luam.

Qhov kev ntaus thawj tau sim ua kom tus tub rog ntawm NKVD, uas tau dhau mus rau lub nroog thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj 1941, cov tub rog ntawm 514th Regiment ntawm Maritime Army thiab cov marines. Nrog cov neeg tiv thaiv cov neeg tawg rog ploj mus rau Genoeous fortress. Raws li nyob rau hauv lub ancient fortress Cembalo yog qhov kawg defensive bastion ntawm Balaklava.

Cov neeg tiv thaiv ntawm lub fortress, uas coj li tiv thaiv rau lub kaum ib hlis 20, thaws rov los nyob rau hauv ob peb lub hlis txog li 70 Nazi tawm tsam, thaum tsis poob ib fighter. Thaum lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj 1944, Cov Tub Rog Tub Rog tau los txog ntawm tus yeeb ncuab ntawm tus yeeb ncuab, thiab lub Plaub Hlis 18 lub nroog raug dim.

Postwar xyoo

Tom qab ua tsov ua rog, lub neej nyob rau hauv qhov corner of this picturesque. Lub Balaklava bay kuj hloov siab. Lub hauv paus ntawm submarines yog tsim nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no muab zais los ntawm prying ob lub qhov muag. Balaklava yog ib tug ntawm daim card cov tub rog hauv paus nyob rau hauv lub USSR. Placed no submarines nyob rau hauv 60 lub nruab nrog nuclear riam phom. Nyob rau hauv lub thickness ntawm lub pob zeb nyob rau sab hnub poob ntug ntawm lub Bay, ib daim card cog kev kho ntawm submarines tau ua.

Balaklava thiab Balaklava Bay

Lub zos me me no nyob ze ntawm Sevastopol, nyob ze ntawm ib lub me me ntawm tib lub npe, zais los ntawm cov pob zeb zoo nkauj. Lub keeb kwm ntev thiab muaj keeb kwm zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj tuaj nyiam cov kws tshawb fawb, cov neeg tshawb nrhiav thiab cov neeg tuaj ncig xyuas tebchaws no. Cov keeb kwm ntawm Balaklava muaj ntau tshaj 2500 xyoo, tab sis qee cov kws tshawb fawb yeej paub tseeb tias lub nroog loj dua.

Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm no sib hais haum twb zoo sab nraum Crimea. Qhov no yog evidenced by Greek, Arab, Polish geographers thiab cov neeg ncig chaw. Muaj ib tug version uas Balaklava - qhov no yog qhov qub chaw ntawm Lystrone Lamos, uas paub los ntawm ancient Greek mythology raws li cov vaj tse loj heev cannibals, uas Odysseus thiab nws cov comrades tau fim thaum lub sij hawm lawv wanderings. Kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov chaw no yog tshwj xeeb: cim ntuj monuments - lub capes ntawm Aya thiab Fiolent, lub ruins ntawm Cembalo fortress, ancient thiab mysterious temples, them nrog zoo nkauj legends, yuav tsis tawm leej twg tsis nyiam.

Qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua XIX Balaklava pib tsim ua ib lub vevxais. Ntawm no yog ua tau dachas princes Yusupov thiab Gagarins, Suav Naryshkin, lub villa luxurious ntawm Prince Najaxin. Cov thawj nkuaj da dej hauv lub nroog tau qhib rau xyoo 1888, thiab nyob rau 1896 thawj lub chaw nres tsheb nyob hauv lub nroog.

Thaum 1911 nyob rau hauv Balaklava, muaj ob lub zemstvo thiab ib lub tsev kawm ntawv uas nyob deb nroog, plaub pawg ntseeg, chaw nres tsheb, tsev kho mob, ib lub tsev qiv ntawv, ib lub tsev qiv ntawv, ib lub nroog sib tham, ib lub nroog qws, ua yeeb yam. Lub zoscov neeg tau koom hauv kev haus luam yeeb loj hlob thiab viticulture, nuv ntses, kua qaub extraction thiab lub tsev pob zeb.

Txij li thaum 1921, Balaklava yog qhov chaw ntawm lub Balaklava koog tsev kawm ntawv, Crimea autonomy. Txij li thaum xyoo 1957, Balaklava yog ib feem ntawm lub nroog Sevastopol thiab yog qhov chaw ntawm nws qhov chaw loj tshaj plaws - Balaklava.

Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, Balaklava attracts tourists thiab cov neeg mus ncig nrog nws cov keeb kwm kev cai thiab keeb kwm. Txhua txhua xyoo cov tsoos thoob ntiaj teb regatta "Kaira" yog nyob ntawm no. Ua ntej lub fortress ntawm Chembalo, knight tournaments yog tuav. Cov kiv cua ntawm kev dhia dej yuav zoo siab, nrhiav pom thiab ua rau lub ntiaj teb zoo nkauj heev hauv cov chaw hauv qab no.

Balaklava Bay yog ib qhov chaw zoo rau cov neeg uas xav so ntawm lub nroog txoj kev sib tw. Koj tuaj yeem noj cov khoom thiab cov khoom tsim nyog thiab nyob rau lub nkoj lossis nkoj los hla mus rau cov tsiaj qus, uas yog ntawm cov pob zeb.

Balaklava bay, attractions ntawm Balaclava

Raws li txoj cai, cov qhua pib tshawb cov qhov muag ntawm lub nroog los ntawm qhov chaw nyob hauv av dej hiav txwv underground, uas yog qhov chaw zais cia thaum lub Cold War.

Nws siv los kho thiab muab kev pab cuam submarines. Muaj kuj muaj nuclear riam phom cia chaw. Qhov no yog qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm tub rog.

Hoobkas tsim ua hauv roob Tavros. Nws muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv tsis tau tus kab mob nuclear nrog ib lub foob pob 100-kiloton, muaj 3,000 tus neeg ua haujlwm tau ua tiav ntawm no. Niaj hnub no nws yog tus naval museum ntawm Balaklava. Ntawm no yog lub koom haum Sheremetyev "Crimean War".

Cembalo Fortress

Cov qauv ntawm no yog ua los ntawm Genoese. Qhov chaw thiab saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm lub roob Katrona (Greek lub npe) yog nyob ntawm kev tiv thaiv. Hnub no lub ntsiab pej thuam ntawm lub fortress yog yuav luag puas. Rau lub fortress Cembalo yog artificially tsim txoj kab thiab staircases uas originate los ntawm tus embankment ntawm Nazukin.

Aya

Qhov no yog yav qab teb ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Crimea, nyob ze Balaklava. Lub npe ntawd los ntawm lo lus Kivliv, uas yog txhais ua "dawb huv." Qhov no yog lub dav hlau khawb mus txog puag Mount Kush-Kaya, nws qhov chaw siab tshaj yog Kokiya-Kiya (557 m).

Ntawm tus taw ntawm dhaus Cape Aya yog ib tug Grotto, uas tau ntev tau siv los ntawm cov neeg tsav nkoj ntawm lub Dub hiav txwv Fleet kho zeroing thiab naval phom.

Lub kaus mom npog yog nrog cov neeg tsis sib haum xeeb, uas sawv cev rau Mediterranean nroj tsuag tshwj xeeb (li 500 yam). Lub fauna ntawm cheeb tsam no yog heev ntau yam - pob zeb marten, weasel, lwj uas mos lwj, gornokrymskaya hma liab, qus npua teb, tsov txaij khiav.

Txij li thaum xyoo 1982 tau muaj kev tshwj xeeb rau hauv toj ntxawg.

Cov Tuam Tsev ntawm Kaum Ob Tug Thwj Tim

Qhov no yog qhov kev ntseeg tshaj plaws ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj Orthodox nyob rau Crimea nyob ze heev rau ntawm Balaklava txoj kab ke. Tuam tsev hauv lub tuam tsev yog dai kom zoo nkauj. Nyob rau lub caij nyoog Soviet, lub tuam tsev raug kaw, qhov kev pab nyob rau hauv nws tsuas yog nyob rau xyoo ob ntawm Tsov Rog Zaum Ob. Tom qab kev sib tw loj hauv lub tuam tsev ntawm lub tuam tsev yog Lub Tsev ntawm Pioners thiab lub club Osoaviakhim. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub 90s pawg ntseeg tau pauv mus rau lub Koom Txoos Orthodox, ces loj dua reconstruction ua haujlwm pib.

Lub tuam tsev me me loj, tab sis muaj lub teeb ci. Qhov no nthuav qhov chaw thiab muab kev zoo rau lub phab ntsa dawb, uas tsis tshua muaj décor.

Nyob hauv lub tuam tsev, cov khoom pov thawj ntawm Bless Basil thiab St. Sergius ntawm Radonezh tau khaws cia.