Antiseptic - dab tsi yog qhov no? Yuav ua li cas yog lawv?

Vim li cas siv ib tug antiseptic? Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb, ceev faj mus kom ze. Lub fact tias muaj ntau yam kev antiseptics. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau siv rau nws npaj lub hom phiaj, nyob rau hauv ib tug nruj npaum li cas. Cov tsab xov xwm pib ua lub ntsiab hom antiseptics thiab lawv daim ntaub ntawv. Peb pib nrog ib tug txhais.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug preservative?

Qhov no txhais tau tias txav kab mob thiab kev tiv thaiv putrefaction decomposition. Greek keeb kwm ntawm lo lus. Txhais "άντί" txhais tau tias "tawm tsam" thiab "σηπτικός" translates rau "putrid" los yog "gnoisty".

Ib txhia antiseptics yog germicidal thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm kev rhuav tseg microbes, lwm leej lwm tus - bacteriostatic thiab peev xwm tiv thaiv los yog inhibit lawv txoj kev loj hlob.

Antiseptic - ib tug yeeb tshuaj uas nws cov hauj lwm zoo tau muaj pov thawj. Microbicides, uas muaj lub peev xwm ua kom puas tus kab mob no hais, hu ua "tshuaj antiviral."

nyhuv

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav loj hlob kab mob, lawv yuav tsum tau paaj as nruab nrab (kub, oxygen, ya raws). Txhua tus poj niam nyob rau hauv nws lub neej ntsib nrog cov tej yam kev mob rau khaws cia zaub mov. Lwm cov piv txwv yog lub ancient xyaum ntawm embalming cov neeg tuag. Yog vim li cas tom qab thiaj li muaj ntau centuries, zaum tau pom zoo-khaws cai mummies? Cov lus teb yooj yim yog twb siv antiseptics.

Ua ntej lub notion twb tsim txog cov kab mob, kev pab rau cov kev tiv thaiv kev lwj. Chiv, tus naj npawb ntawm kev kawm neeg sawv cev tau txiav txim, raws li lawv hais tias, "los ntawm lub qhov muag". Qhov no txoj kev yog tsis muaj tseeb, tab sis cov kev, raws li peb paub, los nrog lub sij hawm thiab xyaum. Niaj hnub no antiseptics yog soj ntsuam raws li lawv ntxim rau cov ntshiab mus kuaj ntawm ib tug yam ntawm cov kab mob los yog spore thiab vegetative cov ntaub ntawv. Rau muab piv rau cov quab yuam kev txiav txim yog siv raws li tus txheej txheem phenol tshuaj (aqueous).

Yog li ntawd, antiseptic - nws yog antiseptic tshuaj tua kab mob tshuaj. Tam sim no peb yuav tsum to taub nyob rau hauv uas qhov chaw nws yog feem ntau siv.

Antiseptic nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj

Nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no tua yog tshwj xeeb yog ib qho tseem ceeb. Ua ntej lub advent ntawm niaj hnub zoo antiseptics lug siv "txhua yam tu" yog unpack purulent formations. Los ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XVIII caug xyoo. Lister kawm "kab kev tshawb xav ntawm putrefaction", sau Lui Pasterom. Inspired los ntawm lub tswv yim, nws tsis ntev luam tawm ib daim ntawv pom tej ntsiab cai ntawm antiseptic phais.

Kev mloog yog them rau cov carbolic acid. Nws yog ib tug tshiab txoj kev los kho ua paug thiab qhib pob txha lov. Nws essence bandaging nrog ib tug daws ntawm no acid. Lister los ua tus founder ntawm antiseptic, yuav pab tau zoo tua kab mob. Ntxiv mus, lub tsib feem pua cov kua twb superimposed on lub qhov txhab, thiab ob feem pua tau kho sutures thiab cov ntaub qhwv, phais teb ob txhais tes.

Listerovskogo antiseptic muaj tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm UFW tab sis kuj cov ardent tw. Nws twb kev cob cog rua nrog mob loj heev irritants thiab lom los ntawm ob tus neeg mob lub cev nqaij, thiab nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov kws phais neeg. Yog li ntawd, cov ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no txuas ntxiv mus sib. Ib tug peb lub hlis twg ib puas xyoo tom qab, aseptic txheej txheem sab. qhib soj ntsuam tau impressive. Yog li ntawd ntau npaum li hais tias muaj tswv yim los tso tseg antiseptics. Txawm li cas los, qhov no muaj pov thawj tsis yooj yim sua. Ua hauj lwm txuas ntxiv.

Tsis ntev, sawv daws yuav tshiab twb pom tias antiseptics, tsawg lom rau lub cev. Cov tib steel ntaub ntawv ua phais seev thiab tus neeg mob lub surrounding khoom. Yog li asepsis thiab antisepsis intertwined nrog heev ceev.

hom antiseptics

Neeg kho tshuab. Nws tso cai rau tu ntawm lub qhov txhab microbes thiab nonviable cov ntaub so ntswg (ntxuav purulent kab noj hniav excision (kev kho mob) mob hauv qab thiab cov npoo).

Lub cev (bandaging, siv cov kom qhuav ntawm hmoov, laser, ultraviolet rays).

Tshuaj. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm lub qhov txhab mob, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev tiv thaiv. Dejnum ntxim rau cov kab mob.

Lom. Nws raws li nyob rau kev siv ntawm heev ntau haiv neeg thiab loj pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj uas ua raws li microbial cell nws tus kheej thiab nws cov co toxins, li no mus pab tau txoj lub tiv thaiv rog ntawm lub tag nrho lub cev (bacteriophages, tshuaj tua kab mob, antitoxins (feem ntau nws yog ib lub ntshiab), proteolytic enzymes).

Tov. Feem ntau, yuav muaj ntau hom ib zaug (e.g., ib tug preprocessing txhab chaw (txhua yam), thiab cov kev taw qhia ntawm tetanus toxoid (lom)).

Number of antiseptics hnub no yog loj loj. Tab sis lawv siv yog yuav luag ib txwm complex. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, cov ntaub ntawv "preservative - ib tug tshuaj tua kab mob" yog, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, muaj tseeb. Txawm li cas los, tsis muaj "kev pab ntxiv" nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov mob mob thiab tua ntawm thaj chaw nyob rau hauv hnub no tus cov tshuaj yuav tsis ua li cas.

Tam sim no saib cov feem ntau cov kev kho mob antiseptics.

alcohols

Ethanol, isopropyl, propyl. Lub concentration ntawm los ntawm 60% mus rau 90%. Lawv siv ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab daim ntawv thiab mixed nyob rau hauv. Cia kom Tsau tshuaj rau cov hauv daim tawv nqaij ua ntej txhaj tshuaj thiab phais. Cov alcohols yog feem ntau nrog rau iodine tincture los yog nrog cationic nto-active tshuaj mas siv (chlorhexidine gluconate, benzalkonium chloride, octenidine dihydrochloride).

ammonium tebchaw

Lwm lub npe - TEEV. Lawv muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tshuaj (benzalkonium chloride (BAC), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (STMV), benzethonium chloride (BZT), cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC los yog Cetrim)). Benzalkonium chloride yog ntxiv rau tej disinfectants. Yog yuav tsum tau rau kev kho mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij ua ntej phais. Siv rau impregnate antiseptic phuam da dej. Antimicrobial txiav txim mob QAC surfactants anionic tshuaj (e.g., xab npum).

boric acid

Nws ntxiv nyob rau hauv lub suppository rau cov kev kho mob ntawm lub paum fungal kab mob. Boric acid zoo heev fights herpes kab mob no tawm tsam. Nws ntxiv nyob rau hauv qab zib los ntawm Burns thiab kev daws teeb meem rau lo ntsiab muag.

Hlorgeskidina gluconate

Qhov no derivative ntawm biguanide. Pom zoo concentration - los ntawm 0.5% mus rau 4%. Nws yuav siv tau ob qho tib si nyob ib leeg thiab nyob rau hauv ua ke nrog nrog lub alcohols. Siv raws li ib tug antiseptic rau daim tawv nqaij. Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm gingivitis.

ci ntsa iab ntsuab

Popularly xa mus rau raws li "ntsuab xim". Ib tug heev ntau hom tshuaj. Siv rau kev kho mob ntawm wounds, me me ua paug. Nyhuv dejnum rau gram-zoo kab mob.

hydrogen peroxide

Qhov no antiseptic siv rau deodorization thiab tu lub qhov txhab thiab ulcers. Nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub, feem ntau nws yog kho nrog ib tug kos, txoj hlab ntaws. Qhov 6% thiab 3% daws teeb meem.

iodine

Feem ntau cov feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv dej dlaws, tshuaj "Lugol". Pre-thiab post-operative antiseptic. Tsau tshuaj rau cov me me qhov txhab lawv tsis pom zoo vim hais tias nws txhawb nqa cirrhosis. Lub ntsiab zoo - siab antimicrobial kev ua si. Nrog heev raug rau yooj yim tua pathogens, xws li txoj ntaub ntawv muaj cov noob ntawm microorganisms.

Txhais tau hais tias "Miramistin"

Qhov no tshiab tiam ntawm cov tshuaj. Medicament "Miramistin" - yog ib tug antiseptic, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob (los yog kev tiv thaiv), fungal kab mob, kab mob thiab kab mob xwm. Lavxias teb sab ntau lawm. Rau cov kev kho mob ntawm ob peb kab (khaub thuas) cov kab mob feem ntau pom zoo kom qhov no antiseptic. Xyuas ntawm nws rau lub feem ntau yog ib feem heev zoo. Cov tshuaj yog active tawm tsam ib tug ntau yam ntawm microbes uas ua rau o thiab suppuration ntawm wounds, mob caj pas, fungal kab mob, chlamydia, herpes thiab lwm tus neeg. Active agents "Miramistin" los ntawm lub site ntawm concentration ntawm lub pathogen nyob.

SDA

Qhov thib ob lub npe - antiseptic, stimulant. Nws tau qhia antimicrobial thiab stimulating zog. Nws yuav pab tau los txhim kho lub zuag qhia tag nrho laus, thiaj li toxicity. Active tiv thaiv Staphylococcus, tubercle Bacillus thiab lwm tus neeg. Nws muaj ib tug es tsis kaj siab pungent tsis hnov tsw, vim hais tias feem ntau mas yog siv rau cov chaw kho tsiaj lub hom phiaj.

phenol

Nyob rau hauv ib tug tov siv rau tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd txhais tes ua ntej phais. Nws yog pom zoo kom yaug lub caj pas kab noj hniav. phenol hmoov sprinkled ntaws thaum lub sij hawm zoo. Nws muaj ob antiseptic thiab analgesic nyhuv.

Antiseptics yog tshuaj

Lawv demand nyob rau hauv lub lag luam ua noj. Feem ntau, qhov no antiseptics, preservatives, feem ntau ib tug acid (e.g., acetic acid, tag nrho cov paub). Nws yog ua tsaug rau lawv hais tias muaj ib tug tau rau ib ntev lub sij hawm mus cia zaub mov kaus poom. Heev active siv antiseptics nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho. Lawv yog ntxiv rau feem ntau ntawm cov xim tsev. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau rau neutralize lub saprophytic microflora. Ntoo preservative - yog ib tug haib riam phom tiv thaiv cov kob xiav, pwm, rot thiab hluav taws. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsub kom lub txee lub neej ntawm freshly sawn tsob ntoo.

Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv coob glazing antiseptics. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Li ntawd, hu cov tshuaj, uas khaws cia cov kev ntxhib los mos ntawm tus ntoo thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm qhia ntau txog kev nws kev zoo nkauj. Translucent antiseptic thiaj li dejnum los ntawm dej, ultraviolet rays, kub hloov, yog zoo tiv thaiv kab. Antiseptics siv nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Lawv yog ntxiv rau detergents, lawv kho lub chav tsev.