Anti-tank: yuav ua li cas lawv ua hauj lwm. Monument "anti-tank"

Nyob rau hauv lub Great Patriotic ua tsov ua rog muaj tangible, cov ntaub ntawv uas cov cim. Nto moo piv txwv ntawm cov kos duab, lub koob meej rau Lavxias teb sab riam phom tag nrho cov thoob lub ntiaj teb no (tso tsheb hlau luam T-34, Il-2, Pe-2 bomber, tsis siv neeg PCA), ua enormous, unprecedented nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm noob neej circulations. Cov tseem muaj sia nyob cov ntawv luam ntawm cov formidable sib ntaus sib tua units coj lawv cov rooj zaum nyob rau hauv pedestals. Tiam sis muaj yooj yim heev nyob rau hauv tsos thiab loj tsis grandiose defenses, nws tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ib tug monument rau lawv. Anti-tank nyob rov qab lub Nazi hordes tua tsis muaj tsawg zoo tshaj qhov zoo-paub anti-tank phom thiab rab phom-sorokopyatki, los yog es, pab peb Gunners, anti-tank riflemen, kuj nyob rau hauv kev hais kwv txhiaj nrog lawv.

1939. Teb chaws Europe tsis muaj tus "hedgehogs"

Hitler pib tsov rog, ua ntaj riam thaiv nrog lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm "blitzkrieg". Ceev ceev yob mobile armored tsheb, kev pab them nqi, "boilers" - qhov no technology, kev siv uas cov Nazis tau kov yeej feem ntau ntawm cov teb chaws Europe, tsis looj koov ib tug ntev siege thiab protracted battles. Thaum lub sij hawm lub Sudetenland, lawv yuav tsum tau raws li cov teeb meem, tab sis cov Czech anti-tank hedgehogs twb tsis tau ua kom muaj kev puas tsuaj, lawv tsuas tsiv sib nrug heev thiab poured rau hauv lub breaches tshwm sim. German generals assumed tias nyob rau hauv lub USSR lawv tswj kom tiv nrog neeg ua hauj lwm uas hais kom ua yog tsis zuj zus. Lawv tos rau ib tug heev unpleasant surprise.

"Funny" barrier

Thaum lub German tank crews thawj pom peb cov anti-tank, lawv yog cov heev puzzled, thiab ib txhia txawm luag ntawm ib qho ntawm "cov neeg ruam Lavxias teb sab," Kuv xav tias hais tias cov hlau nrig ntawm lub Wehrmacht yuav tsis txhob los yog tsawg kawg ncua lub "ntawm no yog li no." Tseeb, ib co ingenuous ua ke ntawm welded beams los yog cov pa tsheb nqaj hlau, ib qhov siab ntawm tsuas yog ib lub 'meter' los yog txawm tsawg. Tom qab saib los ntawm binoculars no mysterious kwv, cov Germans txiav txim siab hais tias nws yeej yog tsis txaus ntshai, nws tsis yog txawm dug rau hauv av. Ntawm no yog cov Czechs, lawv, zoo li tiag tiag Europeans tuaj rau cov hauj lwm ntawm meej, nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua kev ua vaj tse tej siv, tsis tiv thaiv, txawm li cas los, lawv txav. Xav Panzerwaffe commanders muab qhov hais kom ua mus tua. Nws tsis ntev los ua tseeb hais tias tsis yog tag nrho ces yooj yim ...

German tso tsheb hlau luam

German tso tsheb hlau luam nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm tsov rog (TI, T-II thiab T-III) twb me me. Qhov no yog hais tias lawv qhov ceeb thawj tsis ntau tshaj 21 tonnes, thiab hauv qab phau ntawv no yog yuav luag tsis tuaj. Thiab nyob rau hauv lawv designs qhia ib qho tseem ceeb drawback - pem hauv ntej kis tau tus mob. Hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw thaum ntaus los ntawm anti-tank. Ib daim ntawm qhov kuv-beam punched nyias hlau hauv qab thiab rhuav tseg mechanism. German gearbox - yog ib tug tham thiab kim heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tank. Tab sis hais tias tsis yog tag nrho ... Qhov txaus ntshai yog ib tug heev txawv teeb meem.

Yuav ua li cas puas muaj tus anti-hedgehog

Nws yog me me luaj li cas steel "hedgehog" ua rau nws ib qho zoo tshuaj. Yog hais tias nws yog zoo, qhov teeb meem yuav tsawg npaum li cas. Nws stared ntawm lub frontal armor, koom thawj iav thiab ces maj mam, maj mam ... Lub Soviet anti-tank strove, dov, tau nyob rau hauv lub hauv qab, txhawm rau hauv lub tuav lem nrog rau hauv av. Sim "tsiv tawm" thiab coj mus rau tej xwm txheej phem ntawm tag nrho cov. Lub hauv qab ntawm lub strut, cov roj zaj tsev, PPC jammed. Thiab tag nrho cov no kev puas tsuaj tsuas xam tau tias yog ib tug tu siab, thiab txawm ces tsuas nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias vim lub parapet ntawm lub sij hawm no firing antitank phom loj neeg coob los yog Gunners tsis ua hauj lwm tawm shooting raug rau tsis zoo tiv thaiv cov sab kab rov tav ib feem ntawm lub armored vaj tse nyob. Muaj yog twb ua ntej lub av ntawm cov mos txwv nyob ze, thiab roj av yog hais txog mus ua txhaum tawm. Kuv yuav tsum tau tawm hauv lub tsheb, thiab ces tus infantry txawb ib tug muaj. Nyob rau hauv kev, cuajkhaum ntawm tus German tank crews ntawm ib lub sij hawm tsis txaus zoov.

"Star" Gen. Mihaila Lvovicha Gorikkera

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog ib lub hnub qub, thiab txhua txhua pursuit, generals. Pab ML Gorikker lub taub hau ntawm lub Kiev Tank Kev School. Tab sis nws los ua nto moo lwm yam "hnub qub".

Gorikker - ib qho piv txwv ntawm Lavxias teb sab tub ceev xwm, ob George Cross, tau nyob rau hauv lub German tsov ua rog, paub tseeb hais tias hais tias nws yog tsis tsuas ntse, tab sis kuj bold.

Tom qab lub teb chaws Yelemees rov sai li sai tau thiab sharply tsa cov nqe lus nug ntawm anti-tank riam phom. Cov uas yuav tsum tau muaj tej yam yooj yim tab sis txhav: hauj simplicity, nyob rau ntawm raug thiab kev kawm ntaub ntawv.

Ua ib tug competent engineer (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm armored tsheb), ML Gorikker ua ntau yam suav, tom qab uas muaj nws anti "hedgehog." Plans raug pom zoo nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj ua ob peb prototypes thiab kuaj lawv rau ntawm qhov chaw. Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub "lub hom phaj" ntawm lub ntaus ntawv bezzaryadnogo ua si teeb Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam T-26 thiab BT-5, lawv superior rau lub German counterparts (nyob rau hauv particular, tus chassis tau zoo npaum li cas, thiab lub rear kis tau tus mob), tab sis tseem ntaus nyuaj. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub arsenal ntawm lub Red Army, ib tug tshiab lub cuab tam rau tshwj kom txhob yeeb ncuab armored tsheb, hu ua Gorikkera cim. "Hedgehogs" nws lub npe hu ua tom qab cov qub tub rog, tej zaum tso catchy lub npe ntawm lub inventor yog tsis yooj yim. Tab sis tau ib tug me ntsis, koj yuav tsum tseem yuav tau siv.

raug technology

Los ntawm Lub Xya hli ntuj tag nrho cov enterprise pem hauv ntej-line lub zos (Odessa, Sevastopol, Kiev thiab ntau lwm tus neeg) muaj qhov tsim nyog cov khoom thiab tau txais txoj hauj lwm los tsim anti-tank. Tag nrho cov tshuab-tsev factories tau ua tub rog tej teeb meem tsis tshwm sim, cov kws txawj txaus manpower.

Lub tshuab yog yooj yim, rau txhua txhua "hedgehog" yuav tsum tau peb feem I-beam ntawm tsawg tshaj li ib tug thiab ib tug ib nrab meters. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog hais tias cov khoom tau ua los ntawm cov khoom steel, tab sis feem ntau siv ntsia, tram los yog lub tsheb ciav hlau, lawv twb yeej ib txwm nyob ntawm tes.

Lawv yuav tsum tau ua los yog nrees kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv lwm yam kev li hais tias thaum daim ntawv thov ntawm ib tug tej yam quab yuam hauv lub tiav lawm cov khoom yuav tsum tau dov tsis rhuav.

kev sib ntaus los daim ntawv thov

Yuav kom ua zoo siv yog tsis txaus yuav tsum paub yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau ib tug anti-hedgehog, yuav tsum tau mus kawm ib co ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv thov no txhais tau tias TVET nyob rau hauv nqe ntaus rog tej yam kev mob.

Firstly, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau nruab rau ib tug saum npoo sufficiently tus tab sis tsis nplua, txwv tsis pub nws yuav yooj yim rau thawb los ntawm txoj kev yooj yim pab kiag li lawm (hlua nrog ib tug sib ntsib los yog voj, piv txwv li). Great frozen av los yog asphalt.

Secondly, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub kab ntawm kws muaj txuj ci ntsiab (thiab "hedgehogs" yuav tsum muaj ib tug ntau, ib tug tsis daws tau dab tsi). Nws yuav tsum yog ib tug ib nrab meters (thawj thiab thib ob) thiab ob thiab ib tug ib nrab - nyob rau hauv cov nram no theem. Raws li nyob rau hauv tej fortification, qhov ntau kev tiv thaiv circuits, lub zoo dua.

Peb, "hedgehogs" nyob rau hauv lub zoo ibyam tej zaum yuav sib raug zoo rau txhua lwm yam, tab sis tom ntej no kab yuav tsum siv yooj yim los ntawm lub yav dhau los yog ib tug.

Plaub, kev siv ntawm pos yog undesirable. Rau nws tshwj xeeb mount.

Fifth, zoo txuas rau kuv.

Kev ua txhaum ntawm cov kev cai yooj yim nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm tej yam kev mob coj mus rau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm kev sib ntaus los, raws li zoo raws li cov me nyuam no yuav ua rau ib tug "lub hnub qub Gorikkera" loj tshaj uas pom zoo nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia.

Los ntawm txoj kev, lub inventor, uas yuav tsum tau hu ua ib tug ntse heev (rau yooj yim ntawm kev txiav txim), muaj lwm yam hauj lwm zoo, nws tau txais ntau tsoom fwv khoom plig, ob qho tib si ua ntej thiab tom qab tsov rog, xws li qhov kev txiav txim ntawm Lenin. Thiab rau lub "hedgehogs" nws tsoom fwv muab cov koob yees duab pub.

Tsov rog txuas ntxiv, thiab tuaj qhov ntev-awaited raws taw tes rau, tom qab uas tus tiv thaiv ntawm lub Soviet generals yeej tsis ua npau suav txog. Tsuas yog tub qaug rau tag nrho cov fronts! Thiab ces tus tsov rog twb victoriously.

nco

Muaj ntau heroes perished nyob rau hauv lub anonymous high-rises, kaw lawv lub cev teb koj chaw. Nyob rau hauv txhua lub zos, lub zos los yog lub zos, los ntawm kev uas qhov hluav taws kub swept rau pem hauv ntej ncej, muaj yog ib tug monument niaj hnub no. Anti-tank los ua ib lub cim ntawm indomitable rebelliousness ntawm tag nrho cov neeg ntawm lub USSR, uas twb tau mus tig lub caj dab qias neeg Nazi kab ntsaum. Tam sim no lawv muaj peev xwm ua ntau thiab muab tso rau hauv pedestals. Yog li ntawd lawv sawv ua ntsiag to sentries, recalling hnyav pore.

Nyob rau hauv 1966, ze rau qhov chaw ntawm Moscow, nyob rau hauv 23rd kilometer ntawm lub Leningrad txoj kev loj, twb teem tau ib qho txawv monument. Stylized antitank tej gigantic qauv cim lub point ntawm uas converged advancing German pab tub rog thiab plaub sib cais ntawm militia, ua los ntawm cov pej xeem sib txawv ntawm cov professions, cov muaj hnub nyoog thiab destinies. Memorial rau rau siab ua lub cim xeeb ntawm Muscovites, tsis trembling nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua rau lub capital ntawm nws tus kheej. Anti-tank Khimki - ib qho ntawm ntau monuments uas hwm lub cim xeeb ntawm peb pog koob yawg koob. Tus invention yog Gorikkera hlau. Tab sis tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub hlau cov ntaub ntawv.

Thaum lub sij hawm tawm, cov Nazis tau sim siv cov Soviet "hedgehogs" rau tus tiv thaiv ntawm Berlin thiab lwm lub zos ntawm lub ces peb Reich. Lawv tsis pab ...