Rwb thaiv tsev - ib tug tshwj xeeb txheej uas yuav pab tau tiv thaiv noob neej los ntawm tus puas cables, kav, thiab ntau lwm yam, tsis muaj uas lub neej thiab nws kev nplij siab tsuas yog tsis yooj yim sua xav txog tej yam. Ua ntej koj yuav tau txais mus rau hauv lub tsev rau txhua leej txhua tus, dej, Thaum tshav kub kub los yog hluav taws xob mus ntev mus, thiab kev sib txuas lus feem ntau nyob underground, qhov uas lawv muaj, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub qhov hnyav tso rau sab saum toj ntawm, tsis zoo los ntawm dej. Yog li ntawd, cov kev rho tawm - nws yog feem ntau ib tug muaj txuj ci, thiab nws lub zog nyob rau hauv lub durability ntawm tag nrho cov qauv.
Cable sheath thiab nws cov hom
Cov txheej cover tej cable muaj ob peb khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, uas muaj peev xwm muab nyiaj pab ntau tshaj kev tiv thaiv. Qhov no yuav ua tau ib tug tshwj xeeb ntaub, PVC, roj hmab, hlau thiab alloys thereof. Lub cable rwb thaiv tsev nyob rau hauv uas yog kis tau rau hauv lub qhov hluav taws xob lub teeb liab yuav comprise ib qho screen ua los ntawm cov hlau mesh, ntawv ci, polymer zaj duab xis uas nws nto yuav coated nrog ib tug hlau hlau. Polyvinyl tshuaj dawb yog dav siv, uas yog siv raws li ib tug mos mos rwb thaiv tsev. Nws comprises nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm 50% ntawm yas tshuaj, vim uas tus hlawv cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj peev xwm txo. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas them fais fab cables high voltage, raws li zoo raws li tej cuab yeej. Ntawv insulator siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua cov hwj huam cable thiab yog manufactured los ntawm unbleached sulphate sis plawv hniav. Polyethylene kuj yog siv raws li neeg xyuas pib rwb thaiv tsev uas yuav tau nkag nrog rau ntau yam tsis tau mus rau tsib puas kilovolts. Tej yam txoj kev coiled cable muaj zoo heev txhua yam khoom thiab kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv cov tam sim no. Material yog check, txhim khu kev qha nyob rau hauv lub lag luam, thiab nyob rau hauv thermal stability superior rau tag nrho lwm cov insulators.
Hlau-insulator
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xaiv los ua ib tug foob thiab kuj mus dej yog suav tias yog hlau, feem ntau saj zawg zog thiab tshav kub-resistant assumed lead thiab txhuas, lawv yog lug siv raws li ib tug neeg xyuas pib rwb thaiv tsev. Lub thickness ntawm lub plhaub nyob rau txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub cable, raws li zoo raws li lub tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv uas nws yuav tsum tau siv. Nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm cov hlau lead rwb thaiv tsev yog thov hom lead-3, qhov twg cov ntshiab hlau ntawm tsawg kawg yog 95,95%. Lub melting point ntawm 327,4 degrees Celsius, tab sis nrog rau tag nrho cov kev pab cuam ntawm tus neeg kho tshuab zog ntawm cov khoom no yog tsis tshua muaj, thiab lub flowability yog nce, tab sis nws yog ib tug loj drawback rau ntsug cable installation tsuas muaj lub hnab ntawv no. Tshuaj kev ua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yog tsawg tsawg, uas yog supplemented los ntawm ib tug siab kuj mus corrosion. Cov khoom muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj kuj mus deeg, tshwj xeeb yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kub sawv. Yuav kom txhim kho stability, nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua antimony dopant ntxiv. Aluminium yog siv ua tus cable ntawm A-5, lub alloy purity yog 99,97%. hlau ceev yog 2700 kilograms ib cubic Meter thiab ib tug tensile lub zog - 39,3-49,1 MPa. Xws li ib tug plhaub yog 2-2.5 lub sij hawm muaj zog thiab 4 lub sij hawm sib zog tshaj txhuas. Nws yog resistant rau kev co, thiab kuj muaj shielding zog. Tab sis qhov no mus galvanic xeb nws tsis ruaj tsis khov, thiab cable lawm technology yog ntau zog-intensive.
Tsis tsuas yog lub plhaub
Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub plhaub, lub rwb thaiv tsev - nws kuj yog ib tug tog hauv ncoo, armor thiab kev tiv thaiv npog, uas tiv thaiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj yog hais tias nws tsis muaj, lub npav muaj ib tsab ntawv "T". Cov ntaub qhwv to yog ua los ntawm ib tug fibrous cov ntaub ntawv thiab bitumen, nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub plhaub. Muaj amplified version cushion muaj ib tug winding ntawm ob yas ib daim hlab, vim nws muab ntxiv tiv thaiv los ntawm xeb thiab stray tam sim no. Qhov no cable muaj npav tsab ntawv "L", ob khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm daim kab xev yog xaiv "2A". Yog hais tias muaj ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub winding polyethylene los yuav muaj ib tug "P", thiab yog hais tias PVC - "B". Yog hais tias lub cable tsis muaj ib tug hauv ncoo, nws yog cim "B". Lub thickness ntawm cov cushion yog hom twg los ntawm 1.5 mus 3.4 millimeters.
Armor tiv thaiv lub cable los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab kev puas tsuaj, tej zaum nws yuav tsum ua los ntawm ob tug steel ib daim hlab ntawm thickness ntawm 0.3 rau 0.8 millimeters, tab sis xws armor siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau raug mus nro. Yog hais tias nro yog tam sim no, lub cable tiv thaiv lub steel galvanized ca los round hlau. Lub thickness ntawm txheej tiaj hlau yog los ntawm 1.5 mus 1.7 millimeters, thiab ncig - los ntawm 4 mus rau 6 millimeters. Sab nraum tej zaum yuav tsis yog-flammable muaj pes tsawg leeg uas yog xws li "N", extruded yas tiv thaiv hose yog sau lo rau - "RN", thiab PVC hose hu ua "IIIB", pib los ntawm qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thickness ntawm 1.9 mus rau 3 millimeters.
hlab
Tsis pub tsawg ib qho tseem ceeb nws yog nyob rau par nrog lub cable thiab yeeb nkab rwb thaiv tsev, uas yuav pab lawv ib tug ntev lub sij hawm mus ua lawv zog. Feem ntau siv thermal rwb thaiv tsev, uas yog raws kev coj kom tiv thaiv los ntawm khov los yog thaum tshav kub kub loj kev ruaj ntseg. Rwb thaiv tsev - qhov no yog ib lub sij hawm tsis tau tsuas yog kom sov so thiab tiv thaiv kom txhob huam yuaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm khov, tab sis kuj txuag tau nyiaj. Xaiv insulators loj loj, raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm uas lawv ua, tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv lub lo lus uas peb raj.
hom ntawm insulators
Mineral wool - universal insulator uas tso cai rau kev tiv thaiv los ntawm tus mob khaub thuas, kom sov so thiab muaj suab deadening zog. Cov khoom tsis hlawv, thiab yog siv rau cov kev siv thiab basalt. Ntaub plaub tsiaj sab saum toj ntawv ci tej zaum yuav loj los yog galvanized. Kuj siv polyethylene los yog foamed polyethylene, nws muaj hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug raj los yog daim ntawv. Cov khoom no mas resistant rau dej thiab khaws thaum tshav kub kub, qhov no coj mus rau nws thoob plaws tej chaw. Cov yeeb nkab no muaj ib tug hauj thiab leej taub.
Yuav ua li cas lwm tus muaj peev xwm yuav thaiv?
Nws kuj yuav siv hluavtaws ua npuas ncauj roj hmab, uas tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob lub plab roj hmab thiab daim hlau. Cov khoom tsis rot thiab tsis hlawv, nws, dhau lawm, ya raws yog tsis txaus ntshai. Thermal xim THOV kuj muaj feem xyuam rau cov kev rho tawm kua, yuav tsum tau tsuas yog ib tug me me txheej. Kev khiav hauj lwm kub thaj tsam li ntawm Rho tawm 60 mus rau ntxiv rau 200 degrees. Yeeb Nkab, them cov xim muaj hlau, tsis tsuas muaj kev tiv thaiv, tab sis kuj muaj ib qho txaus nyiam tsos. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav muab cov ntaub ntawv uas rau lub raj, yuav tsum tau accessories uas pib ua adhesives, khawb, nplaum tapes thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv. Ua ntej koj yuav insulate cov yeeb nkab, nws yog tsim nyog los ua tib zoo ntsuam. Rho tawm, raws li peb paub, tsis tshwm sim ntau npaum li cas, tab sis ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm nws muaj peev xwm ua rau ceev ceev coj.