Poov tshuaj tshuaj dawb: tus yam ntxwv thiab siv nyob rau hauv ua liaj ua teb thiab cov tshuaj

poov tshuaj ion (K +) yog tus thawj xib fwb intracellular ntawv ib puag ncig. Lub cytoplasm yog feeb meej kwv yees li 90% ntawm cov poov tshuaj nyob rau hauv nws cov nqi tag nrho. Poov tshuaj haum mas tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv. Nws lub ntsiab loj ntawm txoj hnyuv mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab ces mus rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg. Rho tawm ntawm no los ntawm lub cev tshwm sim los ntawm ob lub raum. Cov zis muaj poov tshuaj raws li inorganic ntsev (sulphate, phosphate) thiab organic (uric acid). Lub ntsiab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm K + ions nyob rau hauv lub cev - lub txij nkawm ntawm excitability kletkok, feem ntau mob. Poov tshuaj chloride nyob rau hauv uas tsis muaj ntau thiaj li zaus thiab amplitude ntawm lub plawv contractions. Myocardium teb rau ib tug muaj zog ion concentration ntawm K + zuj zus lawm conduction thiab excitability. Ib tug overdose ntawm cov tshuaj no yuav ua rau txawm mob raug ntes. Deficiency ntawm no nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntshav tsub kom kev pheej hmoo ntawm arrhythmias. Qhov no yuav tshwm sim thaum uas siv cov loj koob tshuaj mob glycosides (digitalis). Nrog kev pab los ntawm poov tshuaj ions uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav liab, yog nqa tawm nrog rau oxygen thauj thiab cov pa roj carbon dioxide los ntawm hemoglobin. Macro caij yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub koom haum thiab kis tau tus mob ntawm cov hlab impulses nyob rau hauv lub innervated kabmob. Yog hais tias poov tshuaj tshuaj dawb yog nkag tau rau hauv tus kab mob, cov theem ntawm acetylcholine thiab arousal ntawm lub sympathetic division ntawm poob siab system yog ho muaj zog. Tso dej thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj nkoos feem ntawm adrenaline los ntawm cov qog adrenal. Poov tshuaj chloride, raws li zoo, thiab lwm yam ntsev ntawm no lub caij exhibits ib tug diuretic kev txiav txim.

Nws yuav tsum tau hais tias qhov no macro caij yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv kev tswj acid-alkaline tshuav nyiaj li cas nyob rau hauv lub cev. Koom nyob rau hauv cov kev cai ntawm lub osmotic siab, tus tsim thiab hydrolysis ntawm lub phosphate tebchaw uas yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv lub zog (ATP, AMP, ADP, creatine phosphate, etc.), nyob rau hauv lub ntsev txheej txheem. Cai poov tshuaj metabolism hauv lub cev yog vim aldosterone. Los ntawm kev txo aldosterone secretion txo poov tshuaj feem izvivistyh distal raum tubules, li ntawd, nws xaiv nyob rau hauv cov zis tsawg tshaj qub, thiab cov ntshiab concentration ntawm extracellular kua thiab hlwb, conversely tsub kom.

Poov tshuaj tshuaj dawb: siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj

  Lub indications rau kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj no yog hypokalemia, arrhythmia cov xwm sib txawv, intoxication npaj ntawm digitalis, raws li zoo raws li daim ntawv hypokalemic periodic tuag tes tuag taw. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav txo cov kev phiv los ntawm hydrochlorothiazide, poov tshuaj tshuaj dawb nkag tau mus rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm ib co antihypertensive tshuaj. Hypokalemia yuav ua teeb nyob rau hauv lub hauj lwm ntawm lub paj hlwb, lub plawv, cov leeg, lub plawv system thiab ob lub raum. Tej zaum hypokalemia xaus nqaij tuag tes tuag taw thiab coma.

Poov tshuaj chloride yog tshuaj hais raws li intravenously. Feem ntau cov feem ntau , parenteral thawj coj yog siv nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob thaum sai tshem tawm ntawm pathological phenomena. Rau lub hom phiaj no, 4 feem pua cov kua ntawm cov tshuaj rau 40% qabzib. Poov tshuaj chloride yuav tsum tau siv nrog huab ceev faj. Early soj ntsuam kos npe rau ntawm intoxication yog paresthesias. Qaug cawv nrog enteral lub sij hawm tej zaum yuav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov xeev siab, ntuav thiab raws plab.

Poov tshuaj chloride yog txhob xaiv cov neeg uas saib kev ua txhaum ntawm lub raum excretory muaj nuj nqi. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, K + ions noog nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, uas yuav ua tau kom intoxication.

Poov tshuaj tshuaj dawb: siv nyob rau hauv ua liaj ua teb

Qhov no ntsev yog ib qho zoo heev potash chiv. Poov tshuaj chloride siv rau chiv nplej thiab lwm cov qoob loo, uas yog tsis rhiab rau cov tshuaj lom kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj. Nroj tsuag hypersensitive rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov tshuaj yog flax, qos yaj ywm, haus luam yeeb, soob, ornamental nroj tsuag thiab citrus. Yog li ntawd, pub mov rau cov nroj tsuag thiab tsis pom zoo kom siv cov poov tshuaj tshuaj dawb.