Ncauj - tsis yog li ntawd ib qho yooj yim li no mas

Yuav ua li cas yuav ua tau yooj yim thiab ntau to taub rau tib neeg lub cev tshaj lub qhov ncauj? Nws yog tsis muab zais qhov chaw sab hauv, nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus pom nyob rau hauv daim iav, thiab txawm xav tias tus ntiv tes (obviously ntshiab). Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, thiab txawm yog ib tug tsis muaj dab tsi tshwj xeeb: lub qhov ncauj - nws yog ib tug kab noj hniav. Qhov, nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus. Meanwhile, ib tug tag nrho-fledged thiab tseem ceeb hloov khoom nruab nrog ntawm lub digestive system, uas muaj los ntawm tsis muaj txhais tau tias ib tug yooj yim qauv, raws li tej zaum nws yuav zoo li, thiab ua ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev khiav dej num. Tom qab lub qhov ncauj, tsis yog peb noj thiab tham.

Yuav ua li cas koj xav hais tias, yog tias koj muaj txaus cov ntiv tes kom ntsuas tag nrho cov kabmob uas yog nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj? Txawm yog hais tias peb tsis siv sij hawm nyias txhua hniav, ntiv tes ntaus ntau tshaj ob txhais tes. Tsis txhob ntseeg kuv? Xav rau koj tus kheej: daim di ncauj, cov hniav, cov pos hniav, lub puab tsaig, palate, tus nplaig, tus nplaig, muaj qaub ncaug, tonsils, hauv qab ntawm cov kab noj hniav thiab pharyngeal Isthmus. Peb tsis tau xav tias yuav? Tab sis precisely qhov no yog qhov qauv ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav, thiab txhua tus ntawm nws lub cev rau ib yam dab tsi haum, txawm tus amygdala, uas muaj coob tus neeg raug muab tshem tawm nyob rau hauv o "raws li ruaj." Muab tshem tawm, los ntawm txoj kev, tsuas yog lub Palatine tonsils, lawv kuj yog cov qog, thiab tseem muaj ib tug yeeb nkab, lingual thiab pharyngeal tonsils, tsawg paub "pej xeem." Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog cov pawg ntawm lymphoid cov ntaub so ntswg thiab hematopoietic thiab ua ib tug tiv thaiv muaj nuj nqi.

Yog hais tias txhua yam yog xav paub ntau los yog tsawg dua ntshiab, ces mus rau lwm yam kabmob yuav tsum tau saib ze zog mus rau nws daim di ncauj, lub puab tsaig, cov hniav thiab cov pos hniav. Noj, piv txwv li, cov lus nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tsis totaub ntawm lo lus center txoj hauj lwm. Qhov no yog ib npag hloov khoom nruab nrog, cov fibers uas yog cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv txawv kev qhia, yog li ntawd cov lus yog li ntawd mobile. Ua ib tug ntau yam ntawm taw, nws tso cai rau koj mus rau daim ntawv heev heev suab, pab thawb thiab zom chewed zaub mov mus rau hauv lub caj pas, thiab lub teeb ntawm receptors nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw uas tso cai rau ib tug neeg kom paub qhov txawv tastes.

Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog tas rau saum huab cua, nkauj nraug los ntawm nws qhov ntswg kab noj hniav thiab nasopharynx. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ob-feem-peb ntawm nws yog khoom, muaj ib tug pob txha puag, thiab ib tug thib peb - ib tug mos mos, tsim nqaij. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ib feem koj yuav nrhiav tau cov lus ntawm ob peb transverse chais. Lawv hu ua palatal alveoli thiab yog vestiges ntawm zoo-tsim tsiaj lub cev los pab lawv zom zaub mov. Xaus ntuj mos tus nplaig overlapping lub nkag mus rau lub qhov ntswg nqe vaj lug kub thaum nqos.

Tab sis, thaum lub hauv qab ntawm lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav yog tsis yog li ntawd nthuav; tej zaum tus tshaj plaws xwb uas muaj peev xwm highlight ntawm no yog cov lingual ib ya ntawm caj pa, nyob hauv qab lub hauv paus ntawm tus nplaig. Qhov no yog qhov lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, uas yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub tshem tej paug ntawm cov zaub mov.

Cov xim, cov qaub ncaug. Ncauj muaj txawm ob peb pab pawg ntawm cov qog: ntau yam me me - buccal, lingual thiab Palatine, thiab ua khub loj - parotid, submandibular thiab sublingual. Lawv lub hom phiaj yog tseeb los ntawm cov title: lawv tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb daim card - cov qaub ncaug. Nws muaj nuj nqis thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg xav nyob ntawm lub zog ntawm cov zaub mov noj, tiam sis koj tus kheej yeej paub tias los ntawm lub txiv qaub, piv txwv li, "thiav cov qaub ncaug." Sublingual thiab submandibular qog "khoom" ntau tuab qaub ncaug, thiab qhov loj tshaj plaws cov qog - lub parotid - ntau kua. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho rau hnub ntawd caj pas ntawm ib tug neeg laus yog raug rho tawm los ob litres ntawm cov qaub ncaug, thiab qhov no tshwm sim reflexively, tsis muaj kev koom tes nrog thiab kev xav. Salivation nyob rau hauv kev - ib tug unconditional reflex, tab sis tej zaum nws kuj yuav nyob ntawm, raws li ib lo lus teb rau ib tug ntau yam ntawm olfactory, nrig txog kev pom thiab lwm yam kev stimuli. Thaum peb hais ntawm qhov pom ntawm appetizing zaub mov "drools" - yog tsis yog ib daim duab ntawm kev hais lus, tab sis cia li ib qho kev ntawm tus conditioned reflex salivation.

Vim li cas koj xav tau cov qaub ncaug? Nws muaj enzymes uas yuav pab tau raws li cov khoom noj rau pre-ua txhab khoom mus rau tus kab mob. Enzymes qhov ncauj nqis carbohydrates rau piam thaj, thiab nws bactericidal neeg sawv cev ua lysozyme tua ntawm cov khoom noj.