Mineral kev noj haus ntawm cov nroj tsuag: lub yooj yim hais thiab kev khiav dej num ntawm lub ntau yam hais txog cov nroj tsuag

Tej tsob nroj - ib tug yeej muaj tseeb sia, thiab xyuas kom meej tias nws txoj kev loj hlob yog tag nrho yuav tsum tau tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg mob: lub teeb, huab cua, dej thiab khoom noj haus. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv yog cov sib npaug thiab cov tsis muaj ib tug nyhuv dejnum rau cov kev mob. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm uas peb yuav tham txog tej qho tseem ceeb heev ib feem nyob rau hauv lub neej ntawm cov nroj tsuag, raws li cov mineral kev noj haus.

Nta zaub mov txheej txheem

Uas yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog, tsis muaj uas extinguished tag nrho lub neej dab, cov zaub mov yog tsim nyog rau txhua tus lub cev. Li ntawd, cov khoom noj khoom haus - tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb, tab sis ib tug ntawm lub ntsiab yam kev mob rau txoj kev loj hlob zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag, thiab lawv tau txais cov khoom noj khoom haus, qhov chaw nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv tsa suab tag nrho cov aerial qhov chaw thiab hauv paus system. Los ntawm cov keeb kwm yog muab tshem tawm los ntawm hauv av dej thiab tus yam mineral ntsev, replenishing qhov tsim nyog cia tshuaj, nqa av los yog mineral kev noj haus ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

Ib tug tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem no yog muab rau cov hauv paus hniav plaub mos mos, li ntawd, zoo ib yam li hwj chim muaj lwm lub npe - hauv paus. Siv cov hwj txwv plaub mos mos cog extends tawm ntawm lub teb chaws aqueous lub ntsiab ntawm ntau yam tshuaj.

Lawv khiav lag luam rau cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub twj tso kua mis thiab nyob hauv lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv lub suction tsam. ntsev tov nkag mus rau cov plaub hau cov ntaub so ntswg yog hloov mus rau qhov kev hlwb - tracheids thiab cov hlab ntsha. Raws li nws cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw lub caij nplooj zeeg nyob rau hauv lub hlau hauv paus cheeb tsam ntxiv raws lub stems faib rau txhua tus saum toj no-av qhov chaw.

Hais ntawm mineral kev noj haus ntawm cov nroj tsuag

Yog li ntawd, khoom noj khoom haus rau cov tswv cuab ntawm lub zaub nceeg vaj yog tshuaj muab los ntawm cov av. Fais fab nroj tsuag los yog mineral av - yog txoj kev sib sau ntawm qhov sib txawv kev ntawm haum thiab los txhawb lub assimilation ntawm hais nyob rau hauv cov av nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov mineral ntsev. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm tshauv seem ntawm cov nroj tsuag, pom ntau npaum li cas ntawm nws tseem cov tshuaj hais thiab tus naj npawb ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw thiab ntau hom ntawm muaj tsis yog tib yam. Qhov no yog pov thawj hais tias cov tshuaj hais yog absorbed thiab noog nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag. Tej thwmsim tau coj mus rau nram qab no cov lus xaus: tswv tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov nroj tsuag - phosphorus, poov hlau, poov tshuaj, sulfur, hlau, magnesium, thiab micronutrients, sawv cev los ntawm zinc, tooj liab, boron, manganese, thiab lwm tus neeg.

Nyob rau hauv kev phem ntawm lub txawv nqi ntawm cov tshuaj, lawv muaj nyob rau hauv tej tsob nroj, thiab hloov ntawm ib lub caij los ntawm lwm yog tsis tau nyob rau hauv txhua yam. Lub nyob rau ntawm cov zaub mov nyob rau hauv cov av yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim hais tias nws muaj feem xyuam rau cov productivity ntawm ua liaj ua teb cov qoob loo thiab ornamental flowering. Lub sib txawv xau thiab txawv degree ntawm saturation ntawm cov av yuav tsum tau tshuaj. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tsis kub tsis txias latitudes Russia muab sau ntau yam pauv loj tsis muaj nitrogen thiab phosphorus, thiab tej zaum kuj poov tshuaj, yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau fertilising - nitrogen thiab poov tshuaj thiab phosphorus. Txhua lub caij muab nws tus kheej lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub vegetative lub neej ntawm tus kab mob.

Kom tsob nroj kev noj haus (mineral) nkoos zoo kev loj hlob, uas yog nqa tawm tsuas yog thaum txhua tus tsim nyog cov ntaub ntawv uas nyob rau hauv txoj cai ntau yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov av. Yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug tsis txaus los yog ib tug seem ntawm ib co ntawm lawv, cov nroj tsuag hnov mob nplooj hloov xim. Yog li ntawd, yog ib lub tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg mob rau cov qoob loo ua liaj ua teb coj yog tsim daim ntawv thov nqi fertilizing thiab chiv. Nco ntsoov tias muaj ntau yam ntawm cov nroj tsuag zoo underfeeding tshaj overfeeding. Piv txwv li, tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo vaj qoob loo thiab lawv cov tsiaj qus ntaub ntawv yog teeb meem yog ib tug tshaj mov. Kawm tau li cas txawv tshuaj nrog cog cov ntaub so ntswg thiab hais tias txhua yam uas lawv yuav cuam tshuam.

nitrogen

Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hais txog tsob nroj kev loj hlob - nitrogen. Nws yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm cov nqaijrog thiab cov amino acids. Nitrogen tsis muaj peev xwm nws ua tau nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv hloov cov xim ntawm nplooj: ntiav daim ntawv thiab thaum xub thawj ntsej mua nce ntshav. Tej tsis ua zoo daj-ntsuab los yog liab-bronze txheej. Tus thawj muaj feem xyuam rau cov laus nplooj nyob rau hauv qab ntawm lub tua, thiab ces ib ncig ntawm lub kav. Nrog lub ntxiv kev loj hlob ntawm lub tshaj tsis ceg thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo set.

Ntev li chiv nitrogen tebchaw ua rau yus ib tug muaj zog nitrogen cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov av. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm uas muaj ib tug loj hlob sai ntawm tua thiab lub intensive kev loj hlob ntawm ntsuab loj, uas tsis pub cov nroj tsuag mus rau nteg nyob rau hauv lub paj buds. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub productivity ntawm cov nroj tsuag yog significantly txo. Uas yog vim li cas nws yog li ntawd ib qho tseem ceeb rau ib tug kuas mineral kev noj haus ntawm cov nroj tsuag av.

phosphorus

Tsis muaj tsawg ib qho tseem ceeb rau tsob nroj lub neej thiab lub caij. Nws yog ib feem ntawm ib tug nucleic acid, ib tug compound uas tsim nucleoproteins cov nqaijrog teej tug mus rau lub cell nucleus. Phosphorus yog feeb meej nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm cov nroj tsuag, lawv paj thiab noob. Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev uas, muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv natural disasters ntoo nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm phosphorus. Nws yog lub luag hauj lwm rau te thiab xis wintering. Deficiency ntawm lub caij qhia nyob rau hauv slowing ntawm cell division, cessation ntawm tsob nroj kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub hauv paus system, qhov nplooj yuav ntshav-liab Hawj txawm. Aggravation ntawm qhov teeb meem no txojkev tuag ntawm cov nroj tsuag.

poov tshuaj

Nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov rau tsob nroj kev noj haus muaj xws li poov tshuaj. Nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub loj tshaj qhov ntau, vim hais tias cov xuas nkoos hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm biosynthesis thiab thauj ntawm tseem ceeb heev nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Tej txij nkawm ntawm poov tshuaj tsub kom lub cev ua hauj zaub, nkoos tus tiv thaiv mechanisms ntawm drought thiab txias kam rau ua. Flowering thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo tag nrog txaus collateral poov tshuaj zoo: paj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog loj npaum li cas thiab ntau luj lug dawb lias.

Nrog ib shortage ntawm cell loj hlob yog slowing ho, thiab ib tug muaj zog tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau ib tug thinning thiab nkig stems, cov xim hloov ntawm nplooj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav-bronze. Ces tus nplooj wither thiab cev qhuav dej.

calcium

Qhov av noj haus ntawm cov nroj tsuag (mineral) yog tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis muaj calcium uas yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov hlwb ntawm cov nroj tsuag lub cev, stabilizing lawv functionality. Qhov no lub caij yog tshwj xeeb yog tseem ceeb rau zoo kev loj hlob thiab cov hauv paus hniav system lag luam. Calcium tsis muaj peev xwm yog nrog los ntawm ib tug ncua sij hawm ntawm hauv paus loj hlob thiab cov hauv paus hniav tsim inefficient system. Manifests ib tug tsis muaj poov hlau nyob rau hauv lub reddening ntawm lub sab sauv npoo ntawm cov nplooj rau cov tub ntxhais tua. Lub loj hlob tshaj yuav ntxiv liab doog xim nyob rau tag nrho cov nplooj cheeb tsam. Yog hais tias calcium tsis mus rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, cov nplooj ntawm cov xyoo tam sim no tua qhuav saum.

magnesium

Txheej txheem mineral kev noj haus ntawm cov nroj tsuag thaum lub sij hawm ib txwm loj hlob yog tsis yooj yim sua yam uas tsis tau magnesium. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov chlorophyll, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm ib lub photosynthesis txheej txheem. Activating enzymes muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv metabolism, magnesium nkoos txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub raum bookmark, germination ntawm noob thiab lwm yam kev ua me nyuam kev ua ub no.

Tej yam tshwm sim magnesium tsis txaus - reddish tsos nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub nplooj propagating raws qhov chaw neeg xyuas pib thiab yuav siv sij hawm txog li ob feem peb ntawm cov nplooj hniav. Muaj zog magnesium deficiency ua rau yus necrosis ntawm daim ntawv, kom txhob muaj cov tsim tau ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab nws cov hniav nyhuv.

hlau

Lub luag hauj lwm rau tej kev ua tsis taus pa nroj tsuag, qhov no caij yog indispensable nyob rau hauv lub redox dab, vim nws yog cov pa acceptor molecules thiab coj los ua ke chlorophyll precursor substance. Hlau deficiency feem xyuam rau tsob nroj Chlorosis: nplooj ua sib zog thiab thinner, kis ib tug yellowish-ntsuab, thiab ces ib tug kaj daj xim nrog tsaus xeb me ntsis. Kev ua txhaum ntawm ua tsis taus pa provokes slowing cog kev loj hlob, tseem ceeb txo nyob rau hauv tawm los.

manganese

Tsis yog ib tug me ntsis ntawm exaggerating tus nqi ntawm qhov tseem ceeb ib txoj lw ntsiab, nco ntsoov yuav ua li cas rau li cas rau cov nroj tsuag thiab cov av. Mineral kev noj haus ntawm cov nroj tsuag supplemented nrog manganese, tseem ceeb rau ib tug tsim cov hoob kawm ntawm photosynthesis, raws li zoo raws li lub synthesis ntawm cov nqaijrog, lwm yam tsis muaj manganese yog manifested nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais tua ntawm muaj zog thiab muaj zog tshaj ua rau nws unviable -. Cov nplooj rau cov stems tig daj, qhuav tua tswv yim.

zinc

Qhov no kab keeb - ib tug active koom tes nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tsim ntawm lub catalyst thiab lub auxin cog kev loj hlob. Raws li ib tug yuav tsum tivthaiv cov chloroplast, lub zinc yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub photochemical cleavage ntawm cov dej. Qhov no yog siv rau fertilization thiab qe txoj kev loj hlob. Zinc tsis muaj peev xwm yog hnov nyob rau thaum kawg ntawm lub loj hlob rau lub caij thiab thaum lub sij hawm cov hnub caiv - txiv qaub nplooj tig xim.

tooj liab

Mineral kev noj haus ntawm cov nroj tsuag los yog hauv paus yog tsis tag tsis muaj no kab keeb. Ib feem ntawm cov ntau yam ntawm enzymes, tooj liab activates tseem ceeb dab xws li ua pa nroj tsuag, protein thiab carbohydrate exchanges. Tooj derivatives - yuav tsum Cheebtsam ntawm photosynthesis. Lub drawback ntawm no lub caij no yog muaj kom qhuav apical tua.

boron

Nkoos synthesis ntawm cov amino acids, carbohydrates thiab proteins, thiab boron yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv ntau enzymes uas tswj cov metabolism hauv. Ib tug kos npe rau ntawm lub mob shortage ntawm boron yog lub motley tsos ntawm me ntsis rau cov tub ntxhais stems thiab nplooj manifested xiavlus zas nyob puag tua. Ib tug ntxiv shortage ntawm lub caij ua rau yus puas tsuaj ntawm nplooj thiab tuag ntawm cov tub ntxhais tua. Flowering puv tsis muaj zog thiab unproductive - lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog tsis fastened.

Peb tau teev tseg rau hauv lub ntsiab tshuaj ntsiab tsim nyog rau ib txwm loj hlob, kev flowering thiab fruiting. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv, kom kuas, ua high-zoo mineral kev noj haus ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Thiab kuj muaj cov qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej yog tsis yooj yim rau overestimate, vim hais tias tag nrho cov tshuaj los ntawm cov av nyob rau hauv ib tug soluble daim ntawv.