"Lub Me" comedy. Starodum Yam ntxwv: kev piav qhia thiab quotes hero

Staro - ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab cim ntawm lub comedy txuj ci ntawm lub XVIII xyoo pua playwright Denis Fonvizin. Qhov no ua cim tau ua ib tug piv txwv rau kev kawm tib neeg thiab ib lub cim ntawm enlightenment. Nws daim duab yog piv nrog rau cov ignorance thiab greed ntawm lwm yam ua, "Tus Me" heroes. Cov yam ntxwv Starodum - lub ntsiab ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm.

comedy

Nyob rau theem cov kev ua si twb staged rau thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv 1782. Tab sis nws yog interesting, thiab niaj hnub audiences. Ib qho ntawm feem nto moo tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ua yeeb yam yog comedy "Lub Me". Cov yam ntxwv Starodum - ib tug tseem ceeb ntsiab nyob rau hauv lub zuag qhia tag nrho kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub artistic ua si Fonvizin. Tab sis ua ntej teeb tawm mus tshawb tau cov duab no, nws yog tsim nyog los hais ob peb lo lus hais txog qhov tseeb ntawm classic tej hauj lwm, uas ua rau ib tug sov so lo lus teb, txawm los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub XXI caug xyoo.

lub npe ntsiab lus

Qhov yuav tshwm spiritless thiab kaw lub neej mob siab ua hauj lwm "Oaf." Yam ntxwv Starodum sau ua ke hereinafter. Lub npe ntawm cov ua cim, raws li zoo raws li lwm cov cim ntawm cov kev ua si, muaj ib lub ntsiab lus. Cov no yog cov kev cai ntawm lub classic comedy. Staro - ib tug neeg nrog cov laus worldview. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug hint ntawm ib tug zoo xim. Nrog nws, tus sau hais txog nws hero thiab mob siab ua raws li cov ntsiab cai ntawm txoj reign ntawm Peter I.

prototypes Starodum

Muaj ib tug lub tswv yim ntshiab ntawm dab tsi muaj mus yuav ib tug txiv neej coj ncaj, thiab yog dab tsi yuav tsum yuav nws deeds, Fonvizin tsim ib tug duab Starodum. Nws combines qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev coj tsis ncaj qualities nrhiav los ntawm advanced thiab enlightened neeg ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua. Tab sis seb puas muaj yog ib tug yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug zoo tagnrho ntawm tus sau nrog nws cov contemporaries?

Ib txhia critics ntseeg tau hais tias qhov chiv keeb ntawm no cim yog suav I. I. Panin - ib tug ntawm cov uas lub personalities ntawm lub sij hawm, coj ib tug active ib feem nyob rau hauv peb tes num txwv autocracy. Tus txiv neej kuj yog ib tug neeg cob ntawm Paul I. seb kev zoo sib thooj ntawm cov txiv neej muaj nrog ib tug zoo hero comedy "Lub Me"? Cov yam ntxwv Starodum qhia cov yam ntxwv raug rau lwm tus, tsis muaj tsawg nto moo pej xeem tus cwj pwm ntawm tus XVIII caug xyoo. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias los ntawm plaug rau hauv nws cov khoom duab Starodum, tus sau xa mus rau ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab Enlightenment nuj nqis - thaum Nikolai Novikov, journalist, publisher thiab pej xeem daim duab. Xijpeem, Starodum cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub comedy "Lub Oaf" tso cai rau peb hais tias qhov no tus cwj pwm yog ib tug personification ntawm kev txawj ntse, siab dawb siab zoo, siab ncaj thiab hwm rau cov neeg.

Lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub comedy

Staro tshwm nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si heev lig - nyob rau ntawm xaus ntawm lub phenomenon. Nws tsis ua kev txiav txim. Nws muaj nuj nqi - mus tsim kom muaj kev ncaj ncees. By lub sij hawm ntawm nws tsos rau hauv lub comedy teeb meem no twb xaiv. Nws yog nws cov dej num - mus cawm nws tus muam tus ntxhais los ntawm cov ua dag tab sis txawj ntse Prostakova. Qhov no tus cwj pwm yog ib tug collective duab ntawm cov phem tshaj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub qub nom tswv cajceg. Nws yog kiag li tsis paub, tsis tshua muaj commercialism. Thiab nws muaj lub zoo ntawm coward thiab propensity rau tyranny hais tias, ua ke, ua rau nws ib tug phem thiab qias neeg poj niam.

Nws tsuas zoo zoo yog tsis kawg txoj kev hlub rau nws tus tub, uas, li cas los xij, muaj xws txaus ntshai duab uas puv, es, nyob rau hauv ib tug txaus ntshai vice. Cov duab ntawm no tus cwj pwm thiab xeeb ceem Starodum ntawm lub comedy "Lub Me" nyob rau hauv kev sib piv ua rau lub xaus hais tias cov cim tsim antithesis.

txawj xav

Starodum tsis noj kev txiav txim. Nws muaj nuj nqi "deliverer" dog dig tsis muaj zog txaus. Lub ntsiab hauj lwm ua Milo thiab PRAVDIN. Txawm li cas los, Sophia tus txiv ntxawm ua nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm raws li ib yam ntawm cov txawj xav. Nws qhia nom tswv kev xav, formulates ncaj ncees txoj hauj lwm. Nrog lo lus, nws ciali mus muab tus nyeem ntawv lub sij hawm los to taub yog vim li cas tom qab tag nrho cov kovyeej kev ncaj ncees thiab rau txim rau kev phem.

Ib tug ntawm cov complex teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv yog cov yam ntxwv Starodum ntawm lub comedy "Lub Me". Nrog quotes no cim dog dig paub cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov laus tiam. Rau hnub no tus menyuam kawm ntawv ntawm no ua hauj lwm (raws li tau zoo raws li lub system ntawm cov dluab nyob rau hauv nws) - tsis yog ib qho yooj yim lub npe. Yuav kom tau sai dlua nws, koj yuav tsum muaj kev to taub ntawm lub socio-thoj teeb meem nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua.

satire

Limited thiab meager sab ntsuj plig lub ntiaj teb no ntawm lub gentry luag thuam nyob rau hauv ib tug nruj heev daim ntawv thiab tom qab ntawd sau ntawv. Hais txog idleness thiab ignorance ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no kev stratum thiab hais tias Gogol thiab Saltykov-Shchedrin. Ib qho ntawm thawj yog tseem denounced nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm tib neeg pettiness thiab stupidity Lavxias teb sab nobleman Fonvizin - nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm "Oaf."

Feature «Starodum", txawm li cas los, ua rau yus mus rau lub xaus hais tias ib tug satire rau cov mej zeej ntawm no hauv chav kawm ntawv tsis muaj ib tug general cim. Tus sau ridicules cov kev qeb ntawm cov nom tswv cajceg. Staro yog ib tug supporter ntawm lub Petrine era. Nws thiab lwm tus neeg zoo li nws tsis kam txais txoj cai ntawm Catherine II. Education Program, uas nws tuav, muaj, nyob rau hauv nws saib, distorted thiab lus zoo. Thiab nws cov ntsiab drawback yog hais tias lub Empress tau tsiv tawm ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus hais tias yog tseem ceeb rau cov kev tswj ntawm Peter I. Cov nom tswv txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub playwright yuav tsum to taub los ntawm kev xav lub ntsiab kev los ntawm cov uas ib tug yam ntxwv Starodum "Oaf" ntawm comedy. Nrog quotes tias ua cim muaj nyob hauv qab. Nws yog ib cov lus thiab tsim ib tug yus artistic duab, muab tus ideological txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus sau:

• "Pib ibyam - tsis siab dawb paug ...".
• "Tsis muaj ib tug enlightened ntsuj plig ntse - ib tug tu siab heev zeej."
• "Nws yog zoo dua rau ua ib lub neej nyob rau hauv tsev es tsis nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv teb chaws pem hauv ntej."
• "Yog, kuv paub hais tias ib tug neeg yuav ua tsis tau ib tug tim tswv. Cia tsis muaj ib tug yuav tsum ntuj raug txim. "
• "Hwm! Ib respects yuav tsum tau tsis tseeb ntxias rau cov txiv neej - nyob kaj siab lug; thiab sab ntsuj plig reverence tsim nyog xwb ib tug uas tsis rank nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov nyiaj, tab sis tsis paub los ntawm cov qib. "
• "Nyob rau hauv tib ignorance heev nplij nws lub siab nyeem txhua yam uas tsis tseem ceeb, koj tsis paub."
• "Txhua tus neeg muaj mus nrhiav nws muaj hmoov thiab cov txiaj ntsim yog ib qho uas legitimately."

Cov ntsuj plig los yog lub siab

Lub sij hawm uas twb tsim comedy, permeated nrog tus ntsuj plig ntawm enlightenment. Qhov yuav tsum tau rau kev kawm ntawv thiab kom kawm system - hais tias yog lub tswv yim ntawm cov comedy "Lub Me". Starodum yam ntxwv tseem tsis yog ib hom mus rau lub zoo ntawm prudence thiab kev txawj ntse. Nws tseem yog lub siab zoo thiab txoj kev hlub tshua. Ib enlightened neeg yuav ua tau tsawg tsawg thiab me me. Ib tug neeg kawm ntawv txaus muaj peev xwm ntshiab noble deeds.

Classic cim, embodying lub dee ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab Enlightenment, ib tug Staro ( "Oaf"). Cov yam ntxwv, quotes, thiab lub luag hauj lwm ntawm no cim, nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, xim tsev ib daim duab ntawm lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv uas nws nyob Lavxias teb sab playwright, thiab tso cai rau peb to taub yuav ua li cas nws pom tus zoo tagnrho ntawm ib tug Lavxias teb sab nobleman.