Kws ntawv Marietta Shahinian: biography, creativity, interesting tseeb

Soviet txawj sau ntawv Marietta Shahinian yog pom tias yuav tsum yog ib tus thawj Lavxias teb sab science ntawv tseeb writers ntawm nws lub sij hawm. Journalist thiab txawj sau ntawv, kws sau paj lug thiab publicist, tus poj niam no muaj lub txiaj ntsim ntawm ib tug txawj sau ntawv thiab ib tug heev kev txawj. Nws Marietta Shahinian, kwv huam thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej uas tau nrov heev, raws li critics, tau los ua nws koj pab mus rau Lavxias teb sab-Soviet paj huam ntawm lub lig thib kaum cuaj thiab ntxov thib nees nkaum centuries.

Khiav ntawm nws tus kheej raws li ib tug kws ntawv thiab cov neeg pleev kob txiv neej los ntawm cov xwm. Thiab thaum ib tug neeg ib tug ceeb thaum lawv tseem muaj txuj ci thiab nqhis dej rau lub neej, nqhis dej rau kev txawj ntse thiab ib tug amazing muaj peev xwm rau kev ua hauj lwm, ces tus neeg no muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv keeb kwm. Xws li yog Marietta Shahinian.

biography

Yug neej yav tom ntej sau ntawv nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm Armenian intellectuals ntawm nees nkaum-thawj peb hlis ntuj 1888. Nws txiv, Sergei Davidovich, yog pab xibfwb hauv Moscow State University. Marietta Shahinian tau txais ib daim ntawv qhia txog kev kawm ntawv. Nws thawj kawm ntawm tsev kawm ntawv ntiav, thiab tom qab ntawd - nyob rau hauv Rzhevsk chav xyaum tes taw. Txij li thaum 1906, nws pib yuav tsum luam tawm. Nyob rau hauv 1912, Marietta sau lub keeb kwm-philosophical kws qhia ntawv nyob rau University rau cov poj niam V. I. gere. Nws yuav mus rau St. Petersburg. Nws yog ntawm no, nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, lub neej yav tom ntej txawj sau ntawv thiab publicist tau ntsib thiab ntxiv le caag nrog xws li luminaries li Z. N. Gippius thiab DS Merezhkovsky.

Los ntawm 1912 mus 1914 nws kawm philosophy raws li ib tug science nyob rau University of Heidelberg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nyob rau hauv tsim ntawm nws ua hauj lwm tau muaj ib tug heev muaj zog los ntawm tus paj huam ntawm Goethe. Nyob rau hauv 1913 tuaj thawj sau, tus sau ntawm uas yog ces tseem tsis muaj ib tug paub Shaginyan Marietta Sergeevna. Orientalia paj huam, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tau nws nto moo.

Los ntawm 1915 mus 1919 Marietta Shahinian nyob rau hauv Rostov-on-Don. Ntawm no nws yog ib tug correspondent rau ob peb ntawv xov xwm, xws li "Ua hauj lwm nws", "Azov thaj av," "khoom siv tes ua lub suab", "Dub hiav txwv tub tiv thaiv", thiab hais txog. D. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm cov txawj sau ntawv qhia kom zoo nkauj thiab kos duab keeb kwm nyob rau hauv lub Rostov Conservatory.

Tom qab 1918

Marietta Shahinian enthusiastically txais lub kiv puag ncig. Tom qab ntawd, nws hais tias rau nws nws yog ib tug tshwm sim ntawm "Christian-mystical cim." Nyob rau hauv 1919, nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug xibfwb qhia Donnarobraza, thiab ces nws tau raug tsa tus thawj coj ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm weaving. Nyob rau hauv 1920 Shahinian tsiv mus rau Petrograd, qhov twg peb xyoo ntawm kev koom tes nrog rau cov ntawv xov xwm "Izvestia ntawm lub Petrograd Soviet", rau 1948 nws yog ib tug tshwj xeeb correspondent ntawm "Pravda" cov ntawv xov xwm thiab "Bulletin". Nyob rau hauv 1927, Marietta Shahinian tsiv mus rau lawv cov keeb kwm teb - nyob rau hauv Armenia, tab sis nyob rau hauv 1931 rov qab mus rau Moscow.

Nyob rau hauv lub thirties, nws kawm tiav los ntawm lub Academy Tswv Yim Npaj Kho Gosplan. Thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog xyoo Shahinian tuas cov Urals. Li no, nws tau sau ib tsab xov xwm rau cov ntawv xov xwm "Pravda". Nyob rau hauv 1934 nyob rau lub thawj Congress ntawm Soviet Writers, qhov twg Marietta Shahinian raug xaiv tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib.

creation

Literary kev txaus siab ntawm no feemxyuam poj niam yuav tsum vov ntau yam ntawm lub neej. Nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm nyob ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw monographs mob siab rau Goethe, Taras Shevchenko, Yauxej Mysliveček. Nws Shahinian yog tus sau ntawm cov thawj Soviet detective tshiab "Mess kho". Nws yog zoo heev thiab lub Soviet journalist. Nws yog tus neeg sau ntawm ntau cov khoom thiab cov nplooj ntawv los teeb meem. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, journalism Shahinian ntaus nqi tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas thiab tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug txhais tau tias mus khwv tau nyiaj, raws li ntau li ntau tau mus ncaj qha mus kawm rau hauv lub neej.

Nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv muaj cai "Lus rau Weimar" rau cov thawj lub sij hawm kom meej meej manifested nta ntawm nws prose style. Critics ntseeg hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv no ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau pom los ntawm cov neeg sau txoj amazing muaj peev xwm tiag tiag ntawm txhua hnub paub meej qhia tus kheej ntawm tus tib neeg tus thiab nws kev sib raug zoo nrog lub sij hawm. "Lus rau Weimar" - tus thawj ua hauj lwm ntawm no sau rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm mus ncig teb chaws tsab ntawv - nyob rau hauv ib hom ntawv nyeem, uas yuav muaj tseeb tag nrho kuv lub neej Marietta Shahinian.

cov phau ntawv

Nws thawj zoo tshiab, nws pib nyob rau hauv 1915, thiab kawm tiav nyob rau hauv 1918. "Nws txoj hmoo" - ib phau ntawv ntawm philosophy. Shahinian kuj yog ib tug connoisseur ntawm cov suab paj nruag, thiab kev sau ntawv critic, nws yuav hu ua thiab novelist, thiab kawm-traveler. Tiam sis ua ntej thiab foremost Shahinian yog ib tug txawj sau ntawv thiab publicist. Nws tseg ib tug ntau ntawm kev sau ntawv tej hauj lwm, xws li "Hydrocentral", "chaw muag mis nyuj ntawm ib tug deputy ntawm lub Moscow Soviet", "Ural tiv thaiv", "Lus ntawm Armenia", thiab hais txog. D.

Nws yog tus sau ntawm plaub collections ntawm paj huam, ib co ntawm cov uas twb txawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm. Rau xyoo, Marietta Sergeevna Shaginyan tsim zajlus portraits ntawm cov neeg uas yog intimately paub - Tikhonov, Khodasevich, Rachmaninoff, thiab kuj piav txog lub neej thiab ua hauj lwm ntawm tus sau phau ntawv zoo rau nws - T. Shevchenko, I. Krylov, Goethe.

tsev neeg

Tus txiv ntawm Marietta Shahinian yog ib tug philologist thiab tshuab txhais lus los ntawm Armenian Yakhauj Samsonovich Khachatryan. Lawv loj hlob tus ntxhais ntawm Mirel. Tus ntxhais yeej tsis xav kom mus nyob rau hauv lub footsteps ntawm lawv niam lawv txiv. Nws yog xav nyob rau hauv painting. Mirel Yakovlevna yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Union ntawm Artists. Nyob rau hauv Shahinian twb tus tub xeeb ntxwv thiab ntxhais xeeb ntxwv.

S. Marietta tuag nyob rau hauv 1982 nyob rau hauv Moscow. Nws yog cuaj caum plaub xyoos. Qhov kawg ntawm nws lub neej, nws tsis tuaj tawm ntawm nws me me ib chav pw chav tsev, nyob rau cov thawj pem teb yog heev ib tug dog dig thaj tsev nyob rau hauv Moscow. Lub ib zaug nrov txawj sau ntawv ua tsis muaj luxuries thiab frills. Nws chav tsev yog ib tug Soviet txheej txheem ntawm cov rooj tog, kev yam khoom hauv tsev. Lub tsuas khoom kim heev nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev yog lub qub tune piano.

nthuav lus tseeb

Ntev lub neej, uas nyob Marietta Sergeevna Shaginyan muaj loj thiab me me keeb kwm cov txheej xwm, hais txog tej uas cov kws ntawv yeej ib txwm hais lus loj hlob cus plaws thiab nrog kev txaus siab. Nws occupies ib tug tshwj xeeb qhov chaw Leninist ntsiab nyob rau hauv nws enormous creativity. Nws novels chronicle "Ulyanov Family", "Thawj All-Lavxias teb sab" yog tsis ib txwm ntaus nqi unambiguously. Biographical ntaub ntawv hais txog tus thawj coj ntawm lub proletariat thiab nws nyob ze Marietta Shahinian sau rau ntau xyoo.

Tus thawj tsab ntawm phau ntawv chronicle "Ulyanov Family" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1935 thiab tam sim ntawd aroused muaj zog dissatisfaction nrog Stalin. Npau taws, "leej txiv ntawm tag nrho cov haiv neeg" yog tshwm sim los tus ntawv ntawm Shahinian fact tias nyob rau hauv Lenin lub cev muaj Kalmyk ntshav. Ntxiv mus, lub tshiab yog lub npe tis yuam kev thiab ob zaug sib tham nyob rau lub presidium ntawm lub Writers 'Union, uas tau raug criticized rau qhov uas qhia cov thawj coj ntawm lub tsev neeg raws li ib tug philistine.