Krishna - yog hais tias ntawm ib tug Vajtswv? Leej twg yog cov Hare Krishnas

Yuav kom nkag siab txog cov tshiab adepts rau cov teb chaws Europe (thiab Russia nyob rau hauv particular) kev cai dab qhuas zog, nws yog tsim nyog los paub tias dab tsi yog Krsna. Nws yog Vajtswv, tus yaj saub los sis ib qho ntawm ntau cov mlom ntawm lub Hindu pantheon? Cia peb to taub qhov no. Yog Hare Krishna followers ntawm monotheism los yog polytheism lawv muaj? Lawv hais tias lub cult ntawm Is Nrias teb. Tab sis ua Hare Krishnas hais tias lawv ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv lub tswv ib tug. Ntxiv mus, lawv hais tias nyob nruab nrab ntawm lawv cov kev ntseeg thiab cov ntseeg Vajtswv yog tsis muaj yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv. Tom qab tag nrho, txawm lub npe ntawm tus Mexiyas twb zoo sib xws. Krishna thiab Yexus Khetos, raws li ib txhia ntawm UFW ntawm cov cult, nws yog ob lub ntsej muag ntawm tib tug Vajtswv. Yuav ua li cas? Peb kawm tau los ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm.

Leej twg yog Krsna?

Duab luam nyob rau hauv kev cai dab qhuas cov ntaub ntawv, yog feem ntau peb ob lub qhov muag ib tug tib neeg daim duab nrog ib tug coj txawv txawv xim nqaij tawv. Lub Sanskrit lo lus "Krishna" txhais tau tias tsaus ntuj nti xiav. Thiab nyob rau hauv kev cai dab qhuas ntawv ntawm daim tawv nqaij xim ntawm Vajtswv yog piav raws li "zoo ib yam li cov kob xiav huab." Yog li ntawd nws thiab portrayed nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm "Bhagavad Gita", cov phau ntawv uas, tsis muaj tsis ntseeg, hu ua "phau Vajlugkub Krishnaism".

Tab sis Vajtswv tseem yog ib tug cim nyob rau hauv lwm yam kev cai dab qhuas ntawv. Qhov no yog qhov "Bhagavata Purana", "Vishnu Purana", "Mahabharata" thiab "Harivamsha". Thiab ces rau cov nyob sab Europe tsis meej pem. Nyob rau hauv ib co phau ntawv, Krishna - ib tug charming me nyuam tub, playfully nyiag roj los ntawm nws niam, nyob rau hauv lwm yam - nyuj thiab cowherd zoo meej lover los yog ib tug siab tawv warrior uas muab kev qhia ntawv rau nws cov phooj ywg Arjuna. Tab sis saum toj no tag nrho, nws yog tus thib yim avatar ntawm Vishnu. Thiab lub caij nyoog kawg no - ib qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov gods ntawm lub Hindu pantheon.

Keeb kwm Krishna

Raws li qhov dawb huv phau ntawv, nyob rau hauv lub plaub txhiab BC rau cov khoom ntiaj teb no los ntawm sab ntsuj plig nqis Vishnu, yug nyob rau hauv tib neeg daim ntawv nyob rau hauv Mathura li lub yim tus me nyuam ntawm Vasudeva thiab nws tus poj niam, ntxhais fuabtais Devaki. Nws tuaj mus qhia rau cov neeg lawv kev cai dab qhuas hauv paus ntsiab lus thiab qhia tus los saum ntuj txoj cai. Nyob rau hauv ib tug rov ntawm Krishna yug yuav tsum havzoov tiag tiag ib tug ntau zoo sib xws nrog lub neej zaj dab neeg txog Yexus Khetos. Yog li ntawd, nws niam tus tij laug twb kwv yees hais tias nws yuav tuag thaum lub ob txhais tes ntawm cov yim tub. Thiab tus huab tais tau ua txhua yam rau tua tus me nyuam ntawm nws tus muam. Ib tug me ntsis txawv txoj kev tshaj Tswv Yexus, Krishna dim txoj kev tuag. Nws yog ib tug mystical hloov lwm lub tsev tus me nyuam mus txhawb cov niam txiv - tus tswv yug yaj Nanda thiab nws tus poj niam Yasoda. Nyob rau hauv no lub sij hawm ntawm lub neej Krishna yog portrayed raws li tus zoo tagnrho cov tub hluas ua si nrog cov ntxhais cowherd thiab nws tus hlub Radha. Thaum nws loj hlob tuaj, nws rov qab mus rau Mathura, tua nws tus txiv ntxawm thiab nws yawg rov qab mus rau lub zwm txwv. Tom qab ntawd, Krishna ua phooj ywg nrog tub huabtais Arjuna thiab muab nws ncaj ncees qhia ua ntej lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kurukshetra. Tab sis tus saib xyuas? Nrog lub eloquent lub npe ntawm "laus muaj hnub nyoog" (Jara) stabbed nws nrog nws xub.

Cov cwj pwm thiab lub npe ntawm Krishna

Ntau ceg thiab qhia tsis pub dhau Hinduism muab no deity lwm lub npe. Avatar of Vishnu yog feem ntau hu ua Govinda Gopala los yog. Cov npe taw tes ncaj qha mus rau lub shepherdess thiab zoo meej lover. Thiab rau cov neeg ntawm Orissa Krishna - Jagannath yog. Thaum ntau tshaj li ib txhiab npe ntawm Vishnu, muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv yog xam qhovkev rau hauv nws avatar. Tab sis luav Krishna muaj nws tus kheej los txhais ntawm lub npe ntawm tus Vajtswv. Yog hais tias koj ua ib qho sis nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv "ib tug", lub npe yog txhais raws li "dub xiav". Thiab yog hais tias "thiab" ces Krishna txhais tau tias "txaus nyiam". Los ntawm qhov no txhais nyob rau hauv lub deity thiab tej cwj pwm. Govinda yog xwm raws li ib tug zoo nkauj tsaus nti-skinned tub hluas, feem ntau nrog rau ib tug tshuab raj nplaim. Nws yog sawv nyob rau hauv ib tug xoob teeb nrog nws ob txhais ceg hla. Feem ntau nws yog xim nyob rau hauv ib haiv neeg lover Radha. Tab sis tej zaum Krishna manifest saum ntuj los cwj pwm ntawm Vishnu - ib tug ntau ntawm ob txhais tes, taub hau los yog chakra.

Los ntawm polytheism rau monotheism

Lub earliest pov thawj ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm cov cult ntawm cov ua cim ntawm lub Hindu Olympus yuav mus rau lub thib tsib xyoo pua BC. Tab sis maj mam Krishna lub zoo pib faib nws cov lwm tus tswv ntuj. Nyob rau hauv lub cuaj pua AD, nws cult ua tsis tshua muaj nrov nyob rau hauv South Is Nrias teb. Thiab nyob rau hauv ib puas xyoo tsim thiab crystallized kev cai dab qhuas cov tsev kawm ntawv xws li shrinathji (Rajasthan), Vithoba (Maharashtra) thiab Jagannath (Orissa). Krishna muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog xws li qualities li "nyob mus ib txhis hluas", "radiant glow", "qhov tseeb". Thiab thaum kawg, nyob rau hauv lub kawg siv - Gaudiya Vaishnavism - nws yog rho tus cwj pwm ntawm ib tug Vajtswv - qhov thiaj li hu ua tsis tseeb.

Western Hare Krishnas: uas yog lawv?

Nyob rau hauv lub caum-thib rau lub xyoo ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem preacher Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada nrhiav kev cai dab qhuas lub koom haum "International Society rau Krishna nco qab." Nws tau ua raws li nws saib Bhakti Siddhanta Saraswati thiab tsiv cov me nyuam yaus Naude Vaishnavism rau lus Askiv. Thaum Roman ntseeg Vajtswv nyob rau kev kub ntxhov. Tshiab tiam sis yog tej tshaib plab Sacrum nws exoticism. Cov founders ntawm lub "International Society rau Krishna pem," thawj sau nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws United States, ces zoo ib yam li cov koom haum pib muaj nyob rau hauv Western teb chaws Europe. Nrog rau lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua Hlau kab hlau rhuav kev cai dab qhuas zej zog pib tshwm nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub qub Soviet Union. Tab sis cov neeg no nyob rau hauv cov dawb thiab saffron robes, shaved nws lub taub hau - tsis tsuas yog sawv daws yuav uas ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv Krishna. "Hare" - cia li ib tug ntawm cov muaj ntau denominations hauv Vaishnavism. Lawv hu lub zoo tshaj plaws deity Krishna, lub Absolute.

cult

Raws li nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov Hindu kev ntseeg, adherents ntawm no tej lus qhuab qhia yuav nyob rau hauv lub Ashram. Qhov no yog tsis ib lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv lub Christian siab ntawm lo lus. Ashram yuav ua tau ib qho chav tsev los yog lub tsev. Nws yog ib qho chaw nyob qhov twg lub zej zog yog mus yuav koom nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm ib tug guru nyob rau hauv sab ntsuj plig kev. Lo lus "Ashram" txhais tau tias "tiv thaiv". Hais tias yog, tuaj mus rau hauv kev kho mob, uas ua rau attracting Krishna. Cov duab, uas qhia tau lub ashrams, qhia hais tias muaj yog ib tug duab puab ntawm ib tug Vajtswv, feem ntau tsis tau ib tug, tab sis nrog ib tug phooj ywg Radha. Nws yog, incidentally, yog txuam nrog rau cov poj niam Alter ego ntawm Krishna. Vajtswv ntseeg hais prasadam - lub ritual noj mov, uas yog npaj rau txoj kev hlub ntawm Vajtswv thiab nws cov me nyuam.