Interlacing linen: hom fabrics

Peb grandmothers thiab zoo-grandmothers xaws nws tus kheej khaub ncaws, thiab ntau yuav qhia rau peb txog ntau yam ntaub so ntswg. lawv yeej paub ntau txog uas los ntawm dab tsi tseem ceeb zoo dua ua ib tug hnav ris tsho los yog lub tsho poj niam. Feem ntau ntawm cov poj niam nyob rau hauv lub hnub copes nrog rau qhov siv ntawm tsev textiles: ntaub pua chaw pw poob lawm, yuav kub hnyiab tau thiab tablecloths. Lawv tsis tsuas yog txig xaws tag nrho cov khoom, tab sis nws dai kom zoo nkauj nrog paj ntaub thiab lwm yam embellishments.

Pawg hobby xaws nyob rau hauv lub dhau los lawm. Tam sim no qhov kev ua yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau cov qeb ntawm hobby - nws yuav tau raws li ncaw. Far tsawg cov poj niam tej zaum yuav tham txog dab tsi zoo ntawm ntaub yog nyob rau hauv lawv txhais tes. Textile kev lag luam muaj feem xyuam rau niaj hnub fashionistas abundance ntawm cov khoom tshiab. Fabrics yog high-tech thiab multi-functional. Txawm li cas los, lawv yog raws li, raws li ib tug txoj cai, yog schemes thiab hom kev kawm tsim dua ib lub xyoo dhau los.

Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug dawb weave?

Interlocking tiaj loj hom hais txog fiber coupling schemes. Nws yog los ntawm no tau txais textile ua ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm lub npe ntawm ntau yam ntaub so ntswg ntawm tej yam ntuj tso thiab hluavtaws fibers. Lwm yam kev zaum hiab yog ua los ntawm txawv variations los yog ob peb ua ke ntawm lub ntsiab hom ntawm lawv.

Qhov xwm ntawm tus weave yog tsis tsuas cov tsos ntawm cov ntaub, tab sis kuj nws cov neeg kho tshuab, lub cev thiab kev siv technology tshiab yam ntxwv. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav to taub qhov teeb meem ntawm kev kawm ntawv cov ntaub so ntswg, thawj wb saib cov tswv yim ntawm textile.

Basic ntsiab ntawm textile

Longitudinal threads yog hu ua lub hauv paus, thiab tus ntoo khaub lig - Weft. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub yog interwoven, thiab tsim ib qho sib tshooj, denoted nyob rau hauv lub weaving kos duab cim n _F . Lub ntsiab hla n _fo lub npe ntawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov ntaub nyob rau hauv uas lub warp fibers cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv lub Weft. Lub Weft overlapping n _{F Y} tus txheem no yeej muaj tseeb. Ntawm no, cov warp yarns pw nyob rau hauv lub Weft yarns.

Tom hlab nyob rau hauv lub textile ua lag ua luam feem ntau yog denoted los ntawm lub tswvyim, uas yog nyob rau hauv ob xim. Nyob rau hauv lub ntsug kab yog cov txheej txheem ntawm warps thiab kab rov tav - Weft. Lawv cov txheej txheem ntawm nyob rau hauv ib tug txiav txim tau tsim ib qho kev hom hla kev. Hlwb tsaus xim rau txhais lub ntsiab plag tsev, thiab lub teeb - Weft.

Lub parsing Circuit Court muaj ib tug txiav txim. Lub warp threads pom tau hais tias yog los ntawm sab laug mus rau sab xis, thiab lub Weft - nyob rau hauv lub upward kev taw qhia. Cov kev npaj thiab siv lub tswvyim ntawm kev nyeem ntawv circuits sib raug R. Qhov no qhia tus xov tooj ntawm fibers overlapping warp thiab Weft, uas alternate tu ncua. Kev sib raug ua ntaub siv thiab ua yooj yooj yim thiab straightforward. Paub qhov txawv weave repeats ntawm threads bases R _o thiab Weft R _Y .

Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj ntawm cov weaving schemes muaj shear tswvyim S. Qhov no lub sij hawm qhia lub xov tooj ntawm strands mus rau hauv uas ib tshooj yog muab tshem tawm los ntawm cov tib. Paub qhov txawv ntsug ua haujlwm S _o Warp thiab Weft S _Y.

Raws li yog ua dawb weave?

Tiaj weave daim duab uas yog lub feem ntau yooj yim, yus muaj los ntawm ib tug txheej txheem nyob rau hauv uas lub Weft thiab warp yarns hla txhua lwm yam nyob rau hauv txhua ob tshwm sim los muaj overlapping. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws muaj qhov tsawg tshaj plaws tau repeats. Nws yog yog li ntawd yog tias lub tiaj weave yog thawj qhov chaw ntawm tag nrho cov kev hloov kho ntawm weaving qauv. Nws yog rau cov kev cai ua tus thawj teeb meem los ntawm peb pog koob yawg koob.

Muaj yog ib tug tej yam kev sib raug uas characterizes lub tiaj weave. Scheme nws yog piav raws li cov qauv:

• R _O = R _Y = 2 strands;
• n _fo = n _FY = 1;
• S _O = S _Y = 1.

Tiaj weave ntaub nyob rau hauv uas lub warp xov muaj ib tug ho txo thickness txheeb ze los ntawm cov Weft, yog hu ua ib tug cuav reps. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug transverse tav. Kws txawj attribute nws mus fiab variations, hu ua Weft reps. Rau no hom ntawm weave qauv tsim los ntawm cov fabrics li paj rwb poplin thiab taffeta. Ib tug yooj yim lub tiaj weave yog lub hauv paus rau txoj kev kom ib tug ntau yam ntawm textile khoom raws li ib tug ntau yam ntawm tej yam ntuj tso ntaub ntawv: paj rwb, linen, txhob lo lo ntxhuav, wool thiab lwm yam fiber qhov chaw.

paj rwb ntaub

Paj rwb npuag, nyob rau hauv linen weave uas yog heev lug siv nyob rau hauv lub textile kev lag luam. Muaj ob peb hom xws textiles, uas yog ntxiv los sib tham hauv qab no.

unbleached calico

Nws kuj hu ua burmetyu ntawv los yog hom ntaub khov heev. Qhov no ntaub yuav tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm hnyav tsis tiav ntaub, yog tseem bleached (ntaub), dyed los yog luam. Muaj pes tsawg leeg yuav ua tau tam sim no raws li calico tsuas paj rwb xov paj thiab hluavtaws fiber. Canvas ntaub yog siv nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub textile kev lag luam nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua cov linen. Sheeting muaj zoo durability, tiv ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm kom. Ntaub pua txaj ntaub muaj ib tug zoo heev:

• Rau yav tom ntej tu zoo.
• Hypoallergenic.
• Tus phooj ywg environmentally.
• Lightness.
• Tsis tshua muaj nqi ntawm wrinkling.
• Sij hawm ntev preservation ntawm lub luminance qauv.
• Tus nqi pheej yig.

Cov qualities cia los mus ua kom cov calico xws li thiab cov khoom kim heev cov ntaub pua txaj uas zoo.

chintz

Nws yog hais txog ib lub teeb paj rwb ntaub thiab yog dyed los yog luam. Paj Rwb ua los ntawm calico los ntawm dyeing thiab xov txheej txheem. Feem ntau, cov ntaub so ntswg ceev yog sib npaug zos rau 80-100 g / m ^2. Chintz yog siv nyob rau hauv lub textile kev lag luam rau xaws linen, tsho rau cov txiv neej, raws li zoo raws li rau lub teeb khaub ncaws.

batiste

Qhov no ntaub yog ntawm kev subtlety thiab transparency. Cov raw khoom rau zus tau tej cov nyom ua hauj lwm pab raws li paj rwb thiab flax. Qhov no tiaj weave ntaub ua los ntawm lub thinnest fiber woven siab xov tooj. Baptiste yog dyed, bleached, mercerized thiab luam. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv rau tshuab xaws ris tsho hauv qab, lub teeb dresses los yog blouses. Baptiste kuj ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug semi-tiav lawm cov khoom rau zus tau tej cov tracing ntawv.

calico

Qhov no hnyav paj rwb dawb weave ntaub muaj li ntawm ntxhib unbleached fibers. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, calico muaj ib tug grayish Hawj txawm. Nws ua hauj lwm pab raws li ib tug semi-tiav lawm cov khoom rau qhov siv thiab ua lwm yam ntaub ntawv thiab ntaub ntawv. Yog hais tias mitkali ua tsim nyog txoj kev, koj yuav tau txais linen khoom (muslin, madapolam) los yog calico. Tsis tas li ntawd los ntawm qhov no raw khoom yog cov sib txawv oilcloth thiab leatherette.

flannel

Qhov no hom ntawm ntaub yuav tsum ua raws li lawv cov paj rwb, wool los yog raws li ib tug ua ke ntawd. Flannel muaj ib tug tsawg ob mog los yog ib mog ntxuav Chais ya cov plaub thiab thiaj li zoo yam tshav kub. Nws yog mos mos thiab qab ntxiag mus rau lub kov, nws muaj peev xwm yuav bleached, dyed los yog luam. Flannel muaj drawbacks: yob thaum lub sij hawm heev coj thiab vim hais tias ntawm lub high school hygroscopicity ntev kom qhuav. Qhov no ntaub yog zoo rau lub demi-lub caij khaub ncaws thiab pawm.

poplin

Qhov no hom ntawm ntaub yog double-tog, ib leeg-xim los yog patterned. Poplin ntaub ntawv ib tug dawb weave ntawm nyias warp thiab ib tug Weft ntoo khaub lig ntxhib tsawg. Cov no ib tug finely ribbed, uas yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug kub ceev ntawm cov kev qhia tswj uas yog 1.5-2 lub sij hawm ntau tshaj li hais tias ntawm lub Weft. Poplin yuav bleached, luam, los yog kob multi-kob. Nws muaj ntau yam zoo:

• Nws tuas nws zoo zoo.
• Nws saum npoo yog qab ntxiag mus rau lub kov.
• Thermostatic thiab hygroscopic.
• High coj kuj.
• Tus nqi pheej yig.

Tsaug rau cov qualities Poplin yog dav siv los tsim ntaub pua chaw pw, raws li zoo li cov txiv neej thiab cov poj niam lub tsho, phuam da dej thiab lwm yam khoom.

taffeta

Qhov no ntaub, uas siv ib tug dawb weave, ib tug nyias, tuab thiab muaj ib tug glossy nto. Taffeta ua los ntawm nruj nreem twisted fibers, thiab yog siv tsis tau tsuas yog paj rwb tab sis kuj txhob lo lo ntxhuav, thiab hluavtaws fibers. Feeb ntau, qhov no zoo ntawm cov ntaub siv rau tailoring ntawm yav tsaus ntuj thiab kab tshoob chaw costumes rau zoo gymnastics thiab ntau yam neeg cov khoom.

linen fabrics

Ntaub pua txaj - ntaub nyuaj theej thiab tuab. Nws muaj ib tug du nto thiab ib tug matt ci. Npuag flax phem heev ncav us txog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ib tug humidified, nws fibers intertwine nrog txhua lwm yam phem heev. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog tus kab mob me ntsis, thiab tsis tsim ib pawg txawv siab hygroscopicity. Flax - ib tug ntaub uas paug txhawb lub ntuj tshav kub ntawm tib neeg lub cev thiab yog vim li zoo meej rau garments. Nyob rau hauv lub textile kev lag luam yog ob peb hom ntaub ua los ntawm cov khoom no los ntawm lub tiaj weave:

• Crinoline - ib tug tuab ntaub, tsim los rau cov siv thiab ua cov hauv ob sab phlu ntsiab ntawm outerwear.
• Sailcloth - hnyav ntaub ua los ntawm tuab linen xov, nyob rau ib qho kev ceev. Nws repels ya raws thiab yog distinguished los ntawm lub siab coj kuj. Nws twb siv los tsim sails, raws li zoo raws li rau xaws waterproof thiab tshwj xeeb cov khaub ncaws. Yog hais tias qhov no cov ntaub so ntswg infiltrate fireproof, dej-repellent thiab anti-fungal compound, koj tau txais ib tuab.
• Npuag - tus linen ntaub, uas muaj ib tug glossy nto thiab yog siv rau cov kev ua dresses thiab costumes.

txhob lo lo ntxhuav ntaub

Txhob lo lo ntxhuav - cov khoom yog kim heev thiab ilv. Nws tau ntev tau siv rau tshuab xaws chaw ua nom ua tswv. Tom qab ntawd, nrog rau cov invention ntawm dag txhob lo lo ntxhuav, qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas coj yog tam sim no muaj rau sawv daws. Nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm woven fabrics ntawm yam thiab hluavtaws txhob lo lo ntxhuav xov yog siv thiab hom linen weave. Yeej nyob rau hauv no yav tas ua ib tug ntau yam ntawm crepes.

Qhov no hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog ua los ntawm fibers uas muaj twist nyob rau hauv rau sab laug thiab txoj cai coj nrog ib tug interleaving. Tej cov zauv threads muab lawv yooj thiab muab paub shrinkage teeb meem. Cov ntaub acquires ib tug finely sis tsis ncaj qauv. Lub ntsiab kom zoo dua ntawm Crepe fabrics - lawv zoo heev drape nyob rau hauv nrog ib tug me me crease, uas ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov chaw ua khoom ntawm yav tsaus ntuj dresses rau cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej. Txhob lo lo ntxhuav ntaub yog ib tug dawb weave ntawm lub nram qab no:

• Crepe de chine txawv tsawv ci. Nws yog tus nyias, tab sis tuab txaus. Txhob lo lo ntxhuav Crepe de Chine ua los ntawm fibers nyob puag, thiab siv tau raws li Weft xov Crepe Torsion. Tsis tas li ntawd wool thiab yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawm polyester fibers. Crepe de Chine yog dav siv rau tshuab xaws yav tsaus ntuj thiab kab tshoob kev poob lawm.
• Crepe chiffon - nyias translucent airbag ntaub muaj ib tug qhia tau nyem qauv. Nws tej zaum yuav muaj tag nrho ob qho ntshiab txhob lo lo ntxhuav, thiab hluavtaws fibers. Crepe-chiffon siv rau qhov siv thiab ua lub caij ntuj sov cov khaub ncaws thiab accessories.
• Crepe georgette tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug delicacy thiab transparency, tab sis kuj yooj. Npuag kev ntxhib los mos cov lus hais. Crepe georgette siv rau tshuab xaws teeb litter, shawls thiab kauv caj dab.
• Crepe-qhab nia yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug muaj zog xov rau hauv ib tug twisting yam. Nws muaj ib tug qhia tau nyem qauv thiab yog tsim los ntawm yarns ntawm tej yam ntuj tso txhob lo lo ntxhuav, viscose thiab wool. Crepe-hom yog tsuas yog siv rau suits.

Fabrics ua los ntawm wool

Ntaub plaub tsiaj xov no kuj raug rau lub tiaj weave tsim tus neeg hom nqaij, lub ntsiab uas yog ib daim ntaub. Qhov no ntaub yog notable rau lub fact tias nyob rau hauv tus nto ntawm lub xov yog li ntawd xuas phom tua cia thiab intertwined uas npog tag nrho cov qhov khoob ntawm cov fibers. Yog li, cov ntaub yuav zoo ib yam li felt. Woolen ntaub yog ntawm ob hom:

• Cov tub rog tau nruj ua kevcai nco txog technology siv los tsim cov khaub ncaws rau cov tub rog, raws li zoo raws li rau ib co overalls.
• Lub nroog muaj ib co sib txawv nyob rau hauv technology. Nws yog ib tug mos mos thiab nyias nyias, muaj ib tug loj ntau yam ntawm cov xim.

Cov ntaub yog pw zoo thiab tsis ua hauj lwm ceev thaum lub sij hawm txiav, tsis sprinkled on slices, zoo kuj mus ironing. Txawm li cas los, cov ntaub ntawv uas yog crumpled thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam, yuav ntsws thiab yuav tsis tau withstand ntxuav.

Raws li koj tau pom, lub tiaj weave tau generated ib tug lossis loj ntau yam ntawm cov cim thiab cim cov khoom uas niaj hnub niam tsev siv rau khaub ncaws, ntaub pua chaw pw thiab lwm yam khoom hauv tsev. Xyoo dhau, hloov los ntawm lub era, tab sis muaj ntau yam ntawm cov me nyuam yaus muab tso los ntawm peb cov pog koob yawg koob, thiab rau hnub no tsis tau poob lawv qhov tseeb.