Immunoglobulin - dab tsi yog qhov no? Immunoglobulin (tsom): cai thiab sib txawv

Ib tug txiv neej surrounded los ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv yog nyob sab nraud, tsis ua tej yam teeb meem rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv, thiab ib co yuav pab tau. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau ib par nrog microbes txawm mus rau ib tug tib neeg lub cev yuav tau txais mus rau hauv thiab pathogens uas ntxias kis thiab kis kab mob. Nrog lawv, tib neeg lub cev yog ua kom sib ntaus sib tua. Thiab ntawm no tuaj mus rau lub arena immunoglobulins.

Immunoglobulin - ib tug tshwj xeeb hlwb muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav thiab txhawb nws cov kev tiv thaiv. Thaum nrhiav kom tau ntawm txawv teb chaws hlwb, kab mob los yog kab mob, cov tiv thaiv kab mob molecules pib neutralize lawv.

Yuav ua li cas yog tiv thaiv kab mob globulin: Nta

Immunoglobulins yog ib tuam tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev. Lawv muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov yam ntxwv:

1. Things. Nws yog rau neutralize lub pathogen nws tus kheej heev dua lwm yam. Thaum uas feem ntau ntawm cov antimicrobial thiab tshuaj antiviral cuam tshuam tsis tsuas tshuaj lom rau pathogens, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub cev tus kheej hlwb.
2. Txawm mus rau hauv lub cev.
3. Ib tug yam tsawg kawg nkaus concentration rau lub sib ntaus tawm tsam tus antigen.
4. Mobility. Nrog cov ntshav immunoglobulins tuaj mus rau feem ntau cov nyob deb ib feem ntawm lub cev lub hlwb thiab rau cov kab no.

Lub zog ntawm lub cev molecules

Immunoglobulin - ib tug protein uas copes nrog ntau lom zog, uas yog raws li nram no:

• paub txog ib tug txawv teb chaws tshuaj;
• tom ntej losis tswvyim dabtsi rau ib tug antigen thiab tsim los ntawm ib lub cev tsis complex;
• Kev pab tiv thaiv tiv thaiv re-kab mob;
• kev puas tsuaj ntawm surplus views idiotypic immunoglobulin tshuaj;
• cov ntaub so ntswg rejection ntawm lwm hom, xws li transplanted kabmob.

kev faib ntawm immunoglobulins

Nyob rau hauv lub molecular luj, qauv thiab kev khiav dej num yog tsib pawg ntawm immunoglobulins: G (lgG), M (lgM), A (lgA), E (lgE), D (lgD).

Immunoglobulin E (lgE) pom nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntshav nyob rau hauv heev me me qhov ntau. Taag rau lub hlwb ntawm daim tawv nqaij, txheej week, thiab basophils. Qhov no pab pawg neeg ntawm immunoglobulins lub luag hauj lwm rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib tug tsis haum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Pub ntxiv tshaj rau antigen ua rau edema, pruritus, burning, thiab lwm yam kev tsis haum tshuaj loj.

Yog hais tias IgE yog tsa, nws yog qhia tias lub allergic rau hauv lub cev ntawm irritating tshuaj los yog muaj cov kev tsis haum tshuaj mus rau lub loj nyiaj ntawm histamine. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tsim kom muaj ib qho tseeb mob ntxiv ntshav yuav tsum tau ua mus ntes tej tshuaj.

Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum lub immunoglobulin E ntau zog, yuav tsum tau mus soj ntsuam rau lub xub ntiag ntawm cab nyob rau hauv lub cev, e.g., helminths. Cov cua nab yog cab rau hauv lub hauv nruab nrog cev, kev rhuav tseg cov mucosa, uas ua nyob rau hauv ib tug intensification ntawm protein ntau lawm cell.

Immunoglobulin M (lgM) muaj ib tug ntau dua molecular luj, vim hais tias ntawm yog dab tsi peev xwm tsis txeem mus rau hauv tus me nyuam cov ntshav thaum lub sij hawm nws xeeb kev loj hlob. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo npaj nws tus kheej. Elaboration ntawm no pab pawg neeg ntawm immunoglobulins pib thawj tom qab tau txais ib tug kab mob nyob rau hauv lub cev. Immunoglobulin M plays ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm tshem lub causative tus neeg saib xyuas los ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Kom immunoglobulin M yog ib qho hais txog ntawm kev mob loj o nyob rau hauv lub cev. Piv txwv li, siab tsi ntsees ntawm cov npe nyob rau hauv lub txoj hlab ntaws ntshav hais txog lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm me nyuam hauv plab kab mob, kab mob ntawm rubella, syphilis, los yog toxoplasmosis.

Immunoglobulin G yog ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov qe ntshav nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Kev loj hlob pib nyob rau hauv ib ob peb hnub ntawm kab mob nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab tom qab lub zus tau tej cov immunoglobulin M. dim nyob rau hauv lub cev rau ib tug ntev lub sij hawm. Qhov no yog qhov zoo ntawm cov tshuaj kis los ntawm leej niam mus rau tus me nyuam thiab tsim passive tiv thaiv.

Immunoglobulin lgA hu ua secretory li tiv thaiv lub ntsws, mob txeeb zig thiab hnyuv kab mob. Tsis tas li ntawd nws qhia cov kab mob tua cov qog ua kua week. Yuav ua li cas yog ib qho immunoglobulin D, nws kom muaj nuj nqis thiab muaj nuj nqi, kom txog thaum kawg yog tseem tsis tau paub.

Sij hawm tsom xam immunoglobulin

Kuaj ntshav los mus txiav txim rau qhov nyiaj ntawm immunoglobulin E yog muab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm bronchial hawb pob, atopic dermatitis, khoom noj khoom haus los yog cov tshuaj tsis haum tshuaj. Recurrent mob ntsws, daim tawv nqaij ua paug, nquag cov pob txha lov ntawm nqua, yog qhov khoov pob thiab sinusitis qhia genetic pathology qhia nyob rau hauv txoj kev yuav txo siab ntau uas muaj protein ntau tiv thaiv kab mob pab pawg neeg E.

Tshuaj ntsuam rau immunoglobulin M yog muab lub Nov ntawm mob thiab ntev suppurative kab mob, intrauterine tus kab mob, tus kab mob siab thiab mob npuas paug, cab kab mob. Pub cov ntshav rau Ntsuam xyuas cov nqi ntawm lgG immunoglobulins muaj nyob rau hauv kev nrhiav kom tau ntawm recurrent pa kab mob thiab kab mob, kab mob thiab mob mus ntev kab kab mob siab, AIDS.

Analysis ntawm immunoglobulin A yog rov muaj dua meningitis, otitis, sinusitis, myeloma, leukemia, nqaij hlav.

deficient lub xeev

Deficiency ntawm tej antibody fractions qhia lub xub ntiag ntawm lub cev tsis muaj peev xwm. Nws yuav tsum yog congenital, uas yog, thawj thiab mas yuav kis tau. Qhov no yog manifested nyob rau hauv recurrent thiab mob kab mob kab mob. Cov feem ntau immunoglobulin deficiency lgA. Nws yog qhia nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau zog nyhav rau kab mob. Ua rau theem nrab immunodeficiencies yuav ua tau heev ntau haiv neeg - los ntawm kev noj kev ntshawv siab rau raug ionizing tawg.

Kev siv ntawm tib neeg immunoglobulin

Immunoglobulin - tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug protein hlwb, ib tug tiv nuj nqi, tab sis kuj cov yam khoom uas yog muaj kev koom siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj. Muaj nyob rau hauv ob hom:

• tov rau intramuscular txhaj;
• hmoov rau tso dej thawj coj.

Tib neeg immunoglobulin yuav raug muab tso nrog lub hloov kev kho mob:

• thawj thiab immunodeficiencies;
• mob loj heev kis thiab kab mob kab mob;
• ntau yam kab mob autoimmune;
• AIDS nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam;
• rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm tus kab mob nyob rau hauv preterm cov me nyuam mos.

Allergen immunoglobulin yuav ho txhim kho cov mob ntawm tus me nyuam nrog ib tug recurrent cov lus hais tsis haum. Taw, nws muaj peev xwm tsuas ua tau ib tug tsim nyog tus kws kho mob.

Raws li ib feem ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj muaj nyob tib neeg los yog tsiaj immunoglobulin. Ntshiab siv rau cov tsim ntawm passive tiv thaiv. Muaj nyob rau hauv lub txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas, rubella, mumps, qhua pias.

Kev kho mob nrog immunoglobulins

Kev kho mob nrog tiv thaiv kab mob hlwb yog nqa tawm heev dua lwm yam nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob, raws li muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev phiv:

• kub taub hau, ua daus no, mob taub hau;
• ua tsis taus pa, hnoos qhuav;
• ntuav, raws plab, mob plab, tu-sauv;
• nkees nkees, tsis muaj zog, rhiab heev mus rau lub teeb;
• tachycardia, hauv siab tsis xis nyob.

Nyob rau hauv nruj kev saib xyuas ntawm ib tug kws kho mob tshuaj tej zaum yuav muab rau cov pojniam xeebtub thiab thaum lub sij hawm lactation.

Qhov twg yuav tshuaj immunoglobulin

Yuav noj tshuaj nrog lub cev hlwb yuav ua tau nyob rau hauv ib tug tsev muag tshuaj. Txuas yog ib daim ntawv qhia ncauj lus kom ntxaws hauj lwm, contraindications, thiab ntau npaum. Tab sis yuav thiab coj cov tshuaj tsis muaj cov tshuaj yog tsis tsim nyog. Nqe intramuscular immunoglobulin 10 vials nruab nrab ntawm 800-900 rubles. 25-millimeter lub raj mis rau tso dej txhaj tshuaj yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm 2,600 rubles. Cov tshuaj yuav muab tau tseem yuav cov tshuaj rau thaum muaj xwm ceev kev tiv thaiv, uas muaj xws li tib neeg immunoglobulin. Nws nqi yuav muaj ntau dua, tab sis lawv cia li xav tau ib tug txiv neej uas tau poob nyob rau hauv lub phaum mob kom pom tseeb.

Immunoglobulin - ib tug globular protein xwm, hla los yog tsis muaj cov uas muaj tiag cuam tshuam rau lub xeev ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Ib tug raug rho tawm los ntawm cov ntshav ntshav, nws yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv feem ntau immunostimulatory npaj.