EW complex "Khibiny": txhais tau tias cov khoom. EW "Khibiny" - yog dab tsi?

Niaj hnub nimno cov tub rog technology yog unthinkable yam uas tsis muaj widest tau siv hluav taws xob khoom. Radars, radars, kev taw qhia txhais tau tias rau lub hom phiaj ntawm ... Tag nrho cov no nyob rau hauv ib tug niaj hnub tsov ua rog yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Tsis ceeb, domestic engineers tau yeej ib txwm sim los tsim txhais tau tias zoo rau suppress xov tooj cua tej zaum tus yeeb ncuab. Xws li yog cov Reb "Khibiny".

cov ntaub ntawv

Mixed-siv complex, tsim los rau installation rau ntawm aircraft technology, yog tsim nyob rau hauv R & D "Khibiny" nyob rau hauv Kaluga. Chief designer raug tsa ib tug txawj ntse engineer Aleksandr Semenovich Yampolsky.

Nyob rau hauv lub USSR nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm active jamming thawj tsom kev tshawb fawb pib nyob rau hauv 1977. Twb tau nyob rau 1984, lub chaw ua hauj lwm ua nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm cov thawj hluav taws xob rog tshuab "Khibiny", uas tau Ameslikas tsim los rau installation rau ntawm lub Su-34 aircraft. Nyob rau hauv 1990, ua ntej lub cev qhuav dej ntawm SSSSR, thawj qauv twb dhau txais kev ntsuam xyuas nyob rau hauv ib tshwj xeeb uas tsim lub xeev commission. Txawm tias lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub xeev thiab tag nrho cov attendant los xij, los ntawm nruab nrab '90s nws yog tiav lawm ntim rau cov kev loj hlob ntawm lub complex.

Yuav ua li cas nws yog feem ntau EW "Khibiny"? Nws lub ntsiab lub luag hauj lwm - tiv thaiv lub aircraft los ntawm txoj kev missile thiab rockets "huab cua-cua", uas yuav siv tau los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab pilots. Lub essence ntawm nws txiav txim - inhibition ntawm homing ntawm tej riam phom systems los ntawm qhov chaw kawm jamming.

xeem

Lawv ntsuam xyuas tau teem rau lub kawg ntawm 1995. State xyuas kuaj tau raug tshuam hloov, nyob rau hauv uas muaj ntau yam shortcomings ntawm yav dhau los cov qauv tau lawm tsau. Dua li no, tej yam weaknesses tau lawm tias lub sij hawm no. Thiab yog li ntawd zaum kawg puag ncig ntawm kev soj ntsuam tau launched tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm lub yim hli ntuj 1997. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav ntawm 2004, EW "Khibiny" thaum kawg txais yuav los ntawm lub Lavxias teb sab Cua Dag Zog Yuam, pub ntxiv tshaj qhov riam phom system rau lub Su-34.

Nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj 2013 nws tau kos npe rau ib qho tseem ceeb daim ntawv cog lus, nyob rau hauv uas domestic qhauj yuav tau muab nruab nrog cov khoom zoo tag nrho aircraft qauv ntawm cov Su-34 thiab lwm yam kuaj uas technology yuav siv sij hawm nyob rau hauv xws riam phom overboard. Cov kwv yees tus nqi ntawm kev ua hauj lwm - ntau tshaj ib nrab ntawm ib billion rubles. Nws yog assumed tias nyob rau hauv lub neej tom ntej lub complex EW "Khibiny" yog mounted rau cov Su-30m thiab zoo xws li cov cav tov.

Keeb kwm prototypes

Tus qauv ntawm cov thawj prototypes muaj tsev lub luag hauj lwm rau khaws cia tam sim no frequencies siv (Model TS). Structurally, muaj yog kho kho blocks ntawm cov ncua sij hawm nti lub teeb liab "A". Nyob rau hauv no thaiv tau siv lub latest Cheebtsam ntawm ib tug "cell" series. Txij li thaum 1984, cov Cheebtsam ntawm "Khibiny" tsim nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib cov kev tshawb fawb institutes, raws li qhov ntim ntawm kev ua hauj lwm yog loj heev rau ib tug tib lub tuam txhab. Nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm lub teeb liab ncua kab tau upgraded los 'A-M. "

Ua hauj lwm nrog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Sukhoi tsim Bureau

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias thawj hauj lwm qauv uas yog tag nrho raws li cov kev ua hauj lwm, tsuas tsis haum nyob rau hauv lub compartments ntawm lub aircraft. Kom tsis txhob zoo li no blunders nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, designers pib ua haujlwm ua ke nrog tus Sukhoi tsim Bureau ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws qib. Tam sim no rau tag nrho cov ua hauj lwm ntawm "Hibino" twb mus los ntawm V. V. Kryuchkov.

thawj flights

Nyob rau hauv 1990, thawj "sib ntaus" qauv dhau tag nrho cov ua sawv ntawm kev txaus sab ntawm lub Xeev, raug officially lees paub tias haum rau installation rau ntawm kev sib ntaus los aircraft, ua los ntawm cov Soviet Cua Dag Zog Yuam. Qhov thib ob txheej twb tsim los rau installation nyob rau hauv hinged thawv L-175B thiab tsim heev dua lwm yam rau lub installation nyob rau ntau cov qauv ntawm cov tua hluav taws thiab Su tsev neeg. Raws li hais saum toj no, lub aircraft nrog cov khoom no rau ntawm lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib cov thawj davhlau coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv 1995.

Yog li pib tus thawj theem ntawm qhov kawg txais kev ntsuam xyuas. Twb tau nyob rau 1997, Ramenskoye Su-34 nrog L-175B ntsia thawv thiab ntse ya lawm thiab nqa tawm tag nrho cov kev xeem cov khoom, uas tau raug muab tso rau ua ntej creators complex.

Nws tsis ntev ua tseeb hais tias cov nyuaj nyiaj txiag teeb meem nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tsis sai sai nthuav zus tau tej cov tshiab Su-34 nyob rau hauv txaus kom muaj nuj nqis thiab nrog lawv tus kheej ntim L-175B tsis yog hais tias yooj yim kom haum raws li hluav taws xob rog complex. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws pib mus rau tsim ib tug tshiab version ntawm "Khibiny" rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm ib tug tag nrho pawg ntawm cov aircraft. Nws twb assumed tias qhov no hloov kho ntawm lub complex yuav siv tau rau kev ruaj ntseg pab pawg ntawm cov bombers thiab neeg tua hluav taws marching nyob rau hauv echelon cover.

Tus tsim ntawm ntau yam tau raug tsis tshua muaj neeg yooj yim zog, uas txo tus nqi ntawm cov tag nrho lub complex. Thaum lub sij hawm no ntawm lub EW nkag mus hauv ntim U1 thiab U2. Lub peculiarity ntawm xws innovation yog qhov tseeb hais tias lawv khiav hauj lwm zaus yog kiag li raws li hais tias ntawm lub "Khibiny". Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog ib tug muaj hwj huam transmitters uas yuav siv tau tsis tsuas mus rau kom lub hwj chim puag complex, tab sis txawm lub hom phiaj los.

lwm yam ntim

Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob khub twb ntim qauv SH1 thiab W0. Qhov ntawd yog lawv muaj ib tug xov tooj cua ntau zaus, dramatically txawv los ntawm lub "Khibiny" lub ntsiab complex. Lawv siv ib tug txawv kiag li los ntawm cov niam txiv kev tswj logic thiab yog li ntawd yuav siv tau rau zus tau tej cov ib jammer, ntau npaum hom. Tej zaum, tom qab lub unification ntawm tag nrho cov uas nyob rau hauv daim teb no thiab ib co ntawm cov hluav taws xob kev tsov kev rog "Khibiny" ML-265 yog tsim.

Nyob rau hauv no hloov kho, yog tau siv lub complex nyob rau hauv kev tsis muaj ntim. Yog li, lub Su-35 cov khoom yog kev ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub airframe. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim ib tug tshiab qauv, "Khibiny-60", dav siv los ntawm applied zauv modeling, enabling siab raug mus twv seb tus cwj pwm ntawm txoj nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm kev sib ntaus los tej yam kev mob, txawm extreme. Los ntawm txoj kev, tib lub ze twb siv ib tug me ntsis ua ntej lawm, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim txoj KS418.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub "Khibiny"

Yog li ntawd, yog dab tsi muaj xws li EW system "Khibiny"? Ntawm no yog nws yooj yim cov khoom:

• Lub "lub siab" ntawm lub complex yog lub RER "Proran" los yog nws ntau niaj hnub counterparts, feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog txwv kom muab zais.
• Cov yooj yim zog rau nruab jamming "Regatta". Feem ntau cov yuav, tam sim no siv los ntawm ntau niaj hnub thiab sophisticated counterparts. Qhov no cov khoom yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub thawv, thiab ntsia ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub airframe.
• Raws li peb hais, EW "Khibiny" txhais tau tias kuj muaj xws li ib tug apparatus tsim rau zus tau tej cov active cuam nrog kev tiv thaiv ntawm aircraft units. Mounted nyob rau hauv lub thawv. Pes tsawg specifications yog tsis paub hais tias.
• Tsev rau khaws cia ib tug leej zaus. TS qauv.
• Thaum kawg, peb siv ib tug computer system ntawm tus muaj hwj huam xam, thiab nws leej yam ntxwv kuj nyob twj ywm ib tug paub tsis meej.

Raws li rau tus nqi ntawm no hom ntawm riam phom, raws li ntawm 2014 tus nqi ntawm ib tug txheej yog tsis tsawg tshaj li 123 lab rubles.

Kev yam ntxwv ntawm lub complex

Xav txog lub ntsiab kev cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug raug complex nyob nyob rau hauv lub thawv. Raws li txoj cai, qhov no kab siv ib tug laus, tiam sis zoo-cov pov thawj L-175B / L-265:

• ntev - 4.95 m;
• txoj kab uas hla - 35 cm;
• hnyav - 300 kg.

Teb nrug jamming

• Lub pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab lub hemispheres sib tshooj sector yog +/- 45 degrees.
• Apparatus ELINT tau khiav lag luam zoo ntawm ib zaus ntawm 1.2 ... 40 GHz.
• Tus heev active jamming system ua hauj lwm ntawm frequencies ntawm 4 ... 18 GHz.
• Cov kev khiav hauj lwm zaus ntawm lub complex los npog lub davhlau tebchaw - 1 ... 4 GHz.
• Tag nrho cov hwj chim noj yog 3600 watts.

Basic cov kauj ruam rau kev tsim complex

• Tus thawj tsab ntawm "Proran". Rau ntawm no theem, nws yog tsim ib tug ntau yam ntawm hluav taws xob txawj ntse.
• "Regatta". Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub engineers tau ua hauj lwm ncaj qha rau ntawm cov creation ntawm cov khoom, uas yuav siv tau rau zus tau tej cov active cuam.
• Thaum kawg, qhov chaw nres tsheb nws tus kheej EW "Khibiny" yog tsim, uas twb tau los ntawm combining "Proran" thiab "regatta".
• Txoj kev loj hlob thiab zus tau tej cov qauv "Hibiny-10B." Qhov no tshwj xeeb kev hloov kho uas tsim los muab ntsia rau aircraft T-10B / Su-34.
• KC-418E complex. Tsim los equip export Su-24MK / Su-24MK2. Thaj, qhov kawg kev zoo tus qauv tsis tau ua kom tiav thiab raws li ntawm niaj hnub no.

Niaj hnub nimno versions complex

• "Khibiny-M10 / M6".
• Kev hloov kho ntawm "Khibiny-60."
• "Thawv" complex ntawm L-265 / L-265M10. Kom version, uas yog tam sim no tsuas siv nyob rau hauv Su-35 aircraft.
• Feem ntau cov hloov thiab refined version ntawm "Khibiny-U". Nws twb xub qhia nyob rau hauv huab cua qhia MAKS-2013. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias thaum lub tib lub sij hawm ib tug ntawv cog lus tau kos npe rau mount complex rau tag nrho cov domestic aircraft tactical aviation. Ces nws los ua npe hu hais tias lub electronics yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv Su-30cm.
• Lub siab heev tshaj plaws qauv, "tus kab laug sab". Nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev siv cov suab tsis muaj dab tsi yog paub.

Uas dav hlau yog siv raws li ib cov cab kuj?

Raws li koj tau pom los ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm, lub ntsiab aircraft muaj ntawm no hom ntawm cov khoom - cov khoom Sukhoi. Yog vim li cas rau qhov no peb twb hais. Yog li ntawd, yog tsis muaj dab tsi ceeb nyob rau hauv cov nram no daim ntawv teev:

• Su-34 yuav tsum mounted thawv 175B-A / A-175VE, uas yuav muab tso nyob rau hauv tej haum chaw nres tsheb EW "Khibiny".
• Lub Su-35 feem ntau Dais tus qauv "M" muab tso rau hauv lub A-265.
• Su-30cm los equip xwb "Khibiny-U".

Kuaj thiab daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob nyob ze rau kev sib ntaus los

Nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm lub xeev cov kev ntsuam xyuas, peb twb hais. Thaum tseem nyob rau hauv kev siv EW "Khibiny" system? Nws yog qhia hais tias nyob rau hauv 2000, ib co sij hawm tom qab lub nres los ntawm Chechen militants nyob rau hauv Afghanistan, lub Cua Dag Zog Yuam yog kawm txog kev siv qhov Su-34 mus them rau cov Su-24 bombers. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ntsia nyob rau Su-24 EW "Khibiny" yuav ho ua rau kom cov ciaj sia taus tus nqi ntawm cov aircraft nyob rau hauv nqe ntaus rog.

Nws kuj paub tias daim ntawv cog lus tau kos npe nyob rau hauv 2013, muab rau cov mov uas tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li 92 ceg nyob rau hauv cov tub rog. Lub sum ntawm daim ntawv cog lus - txog 12 billion rubles. Feem ntau cov yuav, lub aircraft (nws tsis yog lub npe hu uas sawv daws yuav) yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov khoom tsis pub dhau xyoo 2020.

Nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis Ntuj 2014 kev ntsuam xyuas tau nqa tawm nyob ze rau qhov sib ntaus sib tua. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, EW khoom "Khibiny" twb aimed ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus Su-34. Nws twb assumed hais tias lawv yuav ntes ib tug tej zaum yeeb ncuab dav hlau, uas yog nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub Mig-31. Cov kev tshwm sim ntawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas tau tseem tsis tau qhia.

"Ua noj" thiab "Khibiny": zaj dab neeg tseeb los yog tseeb?

Nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis ntawm hauv tib lub xyoo, muaj ib tug nthuav tsab xov xwm nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw. Muaj ntau sober qhov chaw muab tso rau nws tam sim ntawd mus rau hauv "Speculation" section. Hais tias nws twb hais txog EW "Khibiny"? "Donald Kuk", uas yog lub Plaub Hlis 12, 2014 muab qhov chaw hais txog lub Crimea, raug liam "rov" lub Su-24, thiab seev rau board "yuam kev", nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm lub complex. Txawm li cas los, tsis ntev tsab xov xwm nrog xws li cov ntsiab lus sai sai tshem tawm, raws li nws muab tawm lub nram qab no:

• Yog, qhov "Kom Qhuav" tiag tiag Flied nkoj.
• Tsis hostile kev ua tsis tau sab.
• "Khibiny" yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub Su-24 no tsis muab tso rau (qhov no yog debatable).
• Cov khoom ntawm no hauv chav kawm ntawv tsuas yog tsis muaj peev xwm mus suppress lub electronics yog tsis qhov tsawg tshaj plaws warship.

Yog li ntawd, peb ntsia EW "Khibiny". Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no tshaj system ntawm hluav taws xob rog, uas sib ntaus los aircraft txav mus deb ntawm cov yeeb ncuab missiles, khob lawv tsis siv neeg cov kev taw qhia system.