Epinephrine hydrochloride: cov lus qhia rau kev siv, ib tug piav qhia ntawm cov kev npaj

Ib tug ntse txo nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm kev ua xua, tshuaj overdoses los yog lwm yam ua yuav ua rau irreversible txim nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab tuag taus. Rau hnub tim, txoj kev xyaum ntawm cov tshuaj kom tshem tawm tus neeg mob los ntawm lub xeev no yog siv adrenaline hydrochloride. Nws, nyob ntawm seb lub complexity ntawm qhov teeb meem no, cov neeg mob yuav muab subcutaneously, intramuscularly los yog intravenously, thiab nyob rau hauv qhov loj tshaj plaws mob - intracardiac.

pharmacological los

Lub ntsiab nyhuv uas cov tshuaj no yog ncaj qha mus txog rau tej yam nyob rau hauv lub A- thiab b-adrenergic receptors, thiab nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev uas nws yog zoo li paj fiber excitation los. Thaum muab rau epinephrine hydrochloride txhawb vasoconstriction tag nrho cov plab nruab nrog cev thiab cov skeletal leeg. Vim xws txo nyob rau hauv lumen ntshav raws tshwm sim nce nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab.

Txawm li cas los, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov nyhuv ntawm cov adrenalin cawv rau hauv lub cev, vim yog tej yam nyob rau hauv lub b-adrenergic receptors, tsawg qhov piv nrog noradrenaline. Lub cim ntawm kev hloov ntawm lub plawv ua si yog heev. Tom qab stimulation ntawm adrenergic receptors muaj txhawb rau ntau heev thiab muaj zog lub plawv dhia, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, thaum cov ntshav siab ntawm lub nce, qhov chaw yog tus pog vagus paj, uas cheeb qhov uas cov nuj nqi ntawm lub plawv. Uas yog vim li cas thaum lub sij hawm hypoxia muab cov tshuaj yuav ua rau arrhythmia.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov tshuaj yuav ua rau tus menyuam kawm ntawv dilation, so ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub hnyuv thiab bronchi. Nws yog muaj pov thawj hais tias tus neeg mob yog ceev cov ntaub so ntswg metabolism thiab piam thaj ntawm lub nce nyob rau hauv cov ntshav tom qab ib tug tib koob tshuaj ib lub cuab tam xws li epinephrine hydrochloride. Cov lus qhia rau kev siv thiab muaj cov lus qhia txog tias cov tshuaj restores cov haumxeeb muaj peev xwm ntawm skeletal leeg ntaub so ntswg, xws li nrog qaug zog.

Nrog hais txog lub hauv paus poob siab system, lub tshuaj txhaj koob tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj, raws li ib tug txoj cai, tsis muaj ib tug qhia tau ntxim rau nws.

Yuav kom qhia cov tshuaj?

Siv epinephrine hydrochloride nrog ib tug ntse txo nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab (xws mob ntawm tus neeg mob hu ua lub cev qhuav dej). Ob leeg tsim muaj xws li ib tug muaj kev ntxhov tej zaum yuav raug nyob rau hauv ib tug tib neeg overdose tshuaj, kab tom thiab mob kev tsis haum tshuaj.

Lwm hais rau cov tshuaj - hypoglycemia, uas tshwm sim thaum ib tug overdose ntawm insulin. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev no, tus neeg mob yog sai xa me nyuam rov ntshav siab tsis tau tsuas yog ua tau zoo, tab sis kuj cov theem ntawm cov ntshav qab zib.

Nyob rau hauv Ophthalmology tshuaj kho rau cov neeg mob nrog nce intraocular siab (glaucoma). Nyob rau hauv ENT xyaum nws yog siv raws li ib tug vasoconstrictor.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau cov indications, epinephrine hydrochloride yog siv rau cov neeg mob uas muaj ventricular fibrillation.

dosing system thiab txoj kev siv

Nyob ntawm seb tus kab mob thiab nws heev tshuaj rau tus neeg mob yuav tsum tau qhia subcutaneously, intramuscularly thiab intravenously. Yog li siv 0.1% tshuaj ntawm 0.2 / 0.3 / 0.5 los yog 1 ml. Cov neeg mob uas mob plawv muab 1 ml ntawm cov kev npaj, tib koob tshuaj no yog siv, thiab ventricular fibrillation. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias dispensing Circuit Court xaiv tsuas yog tus kws kho mob rau txhua rooj plaub.

Nyob rau hauv Ophthalmology mus cuag lub zos vasoconstrictive nyhuv ntawm epinephrine hydrochloride yog thov mus rau lub txheej nyias nyias ntawm lub qhov muag.

Bronchial hawb pob cropped tshuaj thawj coj subcutaneously ntawm 0.3 - 0.5 - 0.7 ml. Tab sis raws li kho koob tshuaj epinephrine kev daws teeb meem rau parenteral siv, ces, raws li ib tug txoj cai, lawv muaj formulated rau cov neeg laus cov neeg mob 0.3 - 0.5 - 0.75 ml. Babe, yog tias tsim nyog rau daim ntawv thov ntawm no medicament raws li lub hnub nyoog yog muab 0.1-0.5 ml.

Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov tshuaj

Epinephrine hydrochloride nyob hauv cov ntshiab daim ntawv no yog ib tug me ntsis liab los yog dawb crystalline hmoov. Nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov pa thiab lub teeb yog yuav hloov nws. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv xws daim ntawv no, cov kev npaj yog tsis nkag rau tus neeg. Ua ntej nws yuav siv tau nyob rau hauv kev kho mob xyaum nyob rau hauv aseptic tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua tshuaj factories nws yog diluted nrog ib tug daws ntawm hydrochloric acid. Nyob rau hauv kev siv pharmacists li preservatives sodium metabisulphite thiab chlorobutanol.

Tsuas yog tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv pharmacies, cov neeg mob tej zaum yuav tau epinephrine hydrochloride tshuaj, siab npaj rau siv.

Tso daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj

Rau hnub tim, cov tshuaj yog muaj tsuas mus rau cov neeg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm 0.1% kua uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv vials thiab ampoules. Thawj Volume ntawm 30 ml, tab sis lub thib ob - tsuas yog 1 ml. Ampoules ntawm 6 pcs. fej nyob rau hauv thawv thawv.

Nyob rau hauv tsos nws tsa cov tshuaj no kiag li pob tshab kua, tsis muaj precipitate thiab nerastvoronnyh txawv hais.

Qhov no tshuaj yog txhob?

Yog hais tias peb xav txog hais tias lub ntsiab hais rau kev siv ntawm cov tshuaj - nce nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab vim narrowing ntawm cov hlab ntsha, nws yog ib zajlus kom hais tias nws kiag li yuav siv tsis tau nyob rau hauv hypertensive cov neeg mob. Tsis tas li ntawd txhais tau hais tias nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub ntawm atherosclerosis, hyperthyroidism thiab mob ntshav qab zib, vim hais tias cov pharmacological nyhuv ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsis tsuas paug thaum lub sij hawm lub saum toj no hais ailments, tab sis kuj ua rau yus txim. Piv txwv li, heart attack myocardial infarction, mob stroke thiab lwm tus neeg.

Tsis muaj feem xyuam epinephrine hydrochloride thiab thaum lub sij hawm kev phais ua hauj lwm, cyclopropane los yog halothane tshuaj loog.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov tshuaj yog txwv tsis pub lub sij hawm uas cev xeeb tub thiab lactation. Thiab nyob rau hauv nrog cov tshuaj "oxytocin" tshuaj ua rau muaj zog tshuaj muaj taug.

phiv

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv ntau ailments cov tshuaj thiaj yuav cawm tau tus neeg mob lub neej, cia li raws li yuav, thiab nws yuav ua mob rau yog tias koj tsis coj mus rau hauv tus account tus neeg yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg mob los yog tshaj tus pub koob tshuaj.

Yog li ntawd, txawm tias thaum siv kom zoo, cov tshuaj ib tug neeg tej zaum yuav xav tias kiv taub hau, ntxhov siab vim, tshee, ntxhov siab vim thiab kev tsis muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug neeg mob tom qab thawj coj ntawm cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau cai pallor (vim vasoconstriction), tawm hws thiab nraum nce nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab. Txawm li cas los, cov kev phiv cov tsos mob, vim hais tias ntawm nws cov luv luv ntev, tsis yuav tsum tau muaj kev kho mob kho los yog tiav abolition ntawm cov tshuaj.

Cov qhia adrenaline hydrochloride, phau ntawv qhia ceeb toom txog cov tau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm mob arrhythmias, tachycardia, ib tug ntse sawv nyob rau hauv cov ntshav siab. Nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas coronary artery kab mob uas siv cov tshuaj tsub kom kev pheej hmoo ntawm angina sib cem.

overdose

Sawv daws yeej paub tias cov tshuaj tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv leej ntau npaum thiab tsuas yog nyob rau cov tshuaj. Txwv tsis pub, tus neeg mob lub noj qab haus huv yog nyob rau hauv lub ntxa txaus ntshai. Thiab epinephrine hydrochloride tsis yog ib qho kev zam.

Thaum tau siab tshaj lub permissible ntau npaum cov tshuaj (txawm tias thaum muab subcutaneously) ib tug neeg mob tam sim ntawd muaj sai mydriasis thiab muaj zog cov ntshav siab. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ho quickens lub plawv dhia, uas nyob rau hauv tej rooj plaub vam meej rau ventricular fibrillation. Thiab yog hais tias tus neeg mob xav kom cov hydrostatic siab nyob rau hauv qhov tsawg tshaj plaws cov hlab ntsha thiab cov permeability ntawm lub pulmonary capillary phab ntsa, tej zaum yuav tsim pulmonary edema ntaub so ntswg.

Yuav ua li cas los thaiv qhov tsis zoo los ntawm cov tshuaj?

Tawm tsam nrog ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov nyom ua ntawm adrenalin antagonistically kuj ntawm α- thiab β-blockers. Cov no muaj xws "Inderal" tshuaj "Tropafen", "Phentolamine" thiab lwm tus neeg. Feem ntau cov kws kho mob kom tshem tau cov teebmeem ntawm adrenaline thiab ceev ceev siv nitrites. Txawm li cas los, kev siv ntawm cov saum toj no pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tshuaj no tsuas yog siv tau thaum uas lub teeb ntaub ntawv ib tug series ntawm cov kev phiv xws li adrenaline hydrochloride (formula yog: 1-1- (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) -2-methylaminoethanol hydrochloride).

Yog hais tias tus neeg mob thaum uas siv cov tshuaj no cai loj teeb meem xws li ventricular fibrillation los yog kim heev pulmonary edema, high-ceev daim ntawv thov ntawm nitrite thiab txaus sib txawv blockers. Rau txoj kev cawm seej ntawm cov neeg mob nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob, cov kws kho mob tau txais ib tug complex txoj kev kho, uas tej zaum yuav muaj xws li txawm hluav taws xob defibrillation ntawm lub plawv.

Tej yam kev mob ntawm mov ntawm cov tshuaj

Nws yog zajlus kom tsuas hais tias cov tshuaj yog cov tshuaj raws li rau adrenaline txwv tsis pub dawb los muag rau cov neeg siv kawg. Tom qab nws tus kheej txhais tau hais tias cov ntaub ntawv yuav ua rau tsis zoo txim hnyav txawm nrog nruj raws li cov kev dosing system. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib co neeg mob nrog cov kev taw qhia ntawm ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm ib tug adrenaline hydrochloride (daim ntawv ua tim khawv rau qhov no) tsis haum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tshwm sim.

Yog li ntawd ua ntej koj mus rau lub tsev muag tshuaj rau cov tshuaj no, koj yuav tsum tham ib tug kws kho mob uas yuav sau ib cov tshuaj. Nws yog daim ntawv no, uas muaj cov lus qhia rau tus naj npawb thiab ntau npaum ntawm cov tshuaj, lub chaw muag tshuaj yuav tsum tau muab nthuav qhia thaum nriav tshuaj.

tshuaj cov kev sib tshuam

Txhua tus kws kho mob paub hais tias kev siv ntawm adrenaline nrog txawv symptomatology yog txwv tsis pub. Tom qab tag nrho, xws li ib tug ua ke muaj ib tug additive nyhuv thiab ua rau intoxication.

Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj no rau cov kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg mob uas noj sleeping ntsiav tshuaj thiab narcotic analgesics. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ua xua, uas systematically siv antihistamines, tej kws kho mob, ib yam nkaus thiab, tsis kam sau ib cov tshuaj. Adrenaline hydrochloride nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug noj qab haus huv kev ruaj - tej zaum nws yuav zoo yuav tuag taus.

Tsis tso cai ua ke nrog cov tshuaj nrog lub nqus tau pa tshuaj loog, li no tej zaum yuav ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm complex mob tus kab mob nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg mob.

analogues tshuaj

Vim lub fact tias zaum tsis txhob tso tseg rau hauv lub tiav tau thiab mus txuas ntxiv ua hauj lwm rau lub creation cov tshuaj tshiab nyob rau hauv qhov txhais tau tias ntawm epinephrine hydrochloride rau hnub no twb muaj ib tug impressive daim ntawv teev cov analogues. Txawm li cas los, cov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj, uas zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim nrog adrenaline, yog nqa tawm heev dua lwm yam los ntawm cov kws kho mob. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov kws muaj txuj yog coj tsis tau tsuas yog rau hauv daim ntawv thiab heev ntawm tus neeg mob tus kab mob, tab sis kuj yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account lawv ib tug yam ntxwv.

Hloov epinephrine hydrochloride tus kws kho mob yuav tshuaj xws li "Epinifrin", "Tonogen", "Glaukozan" "Crank hydrochloride" "Suprarenalin" "epinephrine hydrochloride," "Levorenin", "Eppie", "Renostiptitsin", "Suprarenin" "glauconite", "Epirenan", "Adrenamin", "Gipernefrin", "Stiptirenal", "Paranefrin", "Glaukonin" thiab al.

Dua li ntawm qhov impressive daim ntawv teev cov counterparts, ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob xav hais tias lawv yuav ua tau dawb do yuav tom lub tsev muag tshuaj. Los ntawm kev yuav khoom adrenaline hydrochloride, ib tug tshuaj nyob rau hauv Latin yuav tsum tau qhia cov kws muab tshuaj. Tib yam yog yuav tsum tau, yog hais tias koj xav mus yuav ib yam ntawm cov saum toj no cov tshuaj.