Cov pej xeem ntawm Bulgaria: tus naj npawb, haiv neeg yam ntxwv thiab kev paub kev ntseeg loj

Ib qho ntawm cov destinations nrov tshaj plaws rau cov hnub so rau lub caij ntuj so rau peb cov neeg sib raug zoo tau raug nyob Bulgaria ntev xyoo. Lub teb chaws no yog nyob rau sab qab teb sab hnub tuaj Europe, nyob rau sab hnub poob ntawm Balkan. Peb qhia hnub no kom paub tias cov pejxeem ntawm Bulgaria zoo li cas.

Cov lus qhia dav dav

Cov pej xeem ntawm Bulgaria yog li 7,3 lab tus tib neeg. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, txog ib thiab ib nrab lab cov neeg nyob hauv lub peev ntawm lub teb chaws - Sofia. Nws tseem yog cov coob Bulgarian lub zos yog Plovdiv (yuav luag ib nrab ntawm ib lab inhabitants), Varna (650,000 inhabitants), Burgas (300 txhiab inhabitants) thiab Ruse (170 txhiab inhabitants).

Cov neeg nyob hauv thaj av: Demographic indicators thiab cheeb tsam ntawm chaw nyob

Raws li kev txheeb cais, 48 feem pua ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub teb chaws no yog txiv neej thiab 52 feem pua yog cov poj niam. Hauv nroog cov pej xeem nws yog 71%. Cov neeg nyob deb nroog tsuas yog 29% xwb.

Tig mus rau yav dhau los, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg hais tias cov xov tooj ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv nroog Bulgaria mus txog nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua dhau los hlob qeeb heev. Yog li, qhov kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, lub nroog cov pej xeem tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 19%. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov teeb meem tom qab ntawd tau hloov cov kev hloov loj.

Dynamics ntawm pejxeem kev loj hlob

Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, qhov yug tus nqi hauv lub teb chaws no yog ib qho ntawm siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb Thoob Ntiaj Teb, cov pej xeem ntawm Bulgaria tau txwv. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev tshwm sim no ua tsis tau tab sis cuam tshuam rau theem ntawm fertility. Los ntawm cov 60s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov teeb meem no tau rov qab ua qhov qub, thiab tom qab no tus cim pib nce.

Txawm li cas los, txij thaum 90 xyoo ntawm xyoo pua 20, lub hnub yug rov pib poob. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, raws li zoo raws li vim tsiv teb tsaws, cov pej xeem ntawm Bulgaria tau poob los ntawm yuav luag ib lab cov neeg. Niaj hnub no, muaj yog lub teb chaws pej xeem kev kub ntxhov. Ib tug tej yam ntuj tso pejxeem kev loj hlob yog tsis zoo. Qhov no qhia tias nyob rau hauv Bulgaria, cov pej xeem tuag ntau tshaj li yug.

Raws li qhov nruab nrab lub neej expectancy hauv lub teb chaws no, rau cov txiv neej nws yog 72 xyoo, thiab rau cov poj niam - 82 xyoo.

Haiv neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Bulgaria

Yuav luag 85% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv lub tebchaws no yog Bulgarians. Daim duab no kuj muaj tsawg tus neeg ntawm Macedonians, suav tias yog haiv neeg Bulgarians. Ntxiv rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov haiv neeg hauv tebchaws, muaj ntau cov Turks hauv lub tebchaws no (li 10% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem) thiab Roma (4.7%). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pej xeem ntawm Bulgaria muaj xws li Armenians, Russians, Greeks, Romanians, Ukrainians, Cov neeg Yudais thiab Karakachans. Txawm li cas los, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm cov haiv neeg ua li tsis muaj ntau tshaj li 0.5% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem.

85% ntawm cov pejxeem suav tias yog hom lus Bulgarian, 9.6% - Turkish, thiab 4.1% - Roma. Orthodoxy yog lub ntsiab kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv Bulgaria. Yog li, li ntawm 83% ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv xeev lees paub nws. Muslims xav txog lawv tus kheej yuav tsum 12.2%, Catholics - 0.6%, Protestants - 0.5%.

SUPERVISION ntawm lub Bulgarian pejxeem

Cov nab npawb ntawm cov tau-bodied pejxeem ntawm cov European lub teb chaws ntawm txog tsib lab cov neeg. Tus naj npawb ntawm pensioners yog kwv yees li ntawm 1.7 lab, thiab cov me nyuam - ntawm 1.2 lab.

Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv cov koom pheej Bulgaria tau koom nrog cov kev pabcuam (ntau dua 60%). Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw ua haujlwm (tshuab tshuab, tshuab hlau hlau, tsim kho, zaub mov kev lag luam) yog 30%. Hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, tsuas yog 10% ntawm lub teb chaws cov pejxeem yog ua haujlwm.

Cov neeg Diaspora txawv teb chaws

Txog hnub, txog 600,000 haiv neeg Bulgarians nyob sab nraud ntawm cov koom pheej Bulgaria. Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lawv yog feeb nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-western thaj tsam ntawm Ukraine, zoo li nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm Moldova. Tus me Bulgarian diasporas kuj muaj nyob rau hauv Romania thiab Hungary. Kuj ntxiv txog 700 Bulgarian zej zos nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas.