Cathedral ntawm St. Peter nyob rau hauv lub Vatican

Roman Catholic Cathedral ntawm St. Peter nyob rau hauv lub Vatican (Basilica di San Pietro) yog tus qauv coob nyob ib ncig ntawm lub me me lub xeev, thiab nyob rau hauv ltalis, raws li zoo raws li ib tug cov khoom muaj nqis trove ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws Italian masters, vim hais tias ntawm qhov kev siv thiab painting ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ua hauj lwm xws zoo masters li Raphael, Bramante Michelangelo, Bernini. Lub tsev teev ntuj twb ua nyob rau hauv lub Vatican toj, nyob qhov twg nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm cultivated vineyards thiab mined av nplaum.

Yog vim li cas Petus?

St. Peter lub yog li lub npe tsis yog tsis muaj yog vim li cas: nws yog lam xav hais tias cov thawj heev thaj yog koj muab dua lub qhov ntxa tus Thwj Tim Petus. Lub thaj muaj ib tug feature - nws tsis yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau sab hnub tuaj, raws li yog ib txoj kev cai nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm Christian churches, thiab mus rau lub sab hnub poob. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub thaj nyob rau hauv lub crypt yog lub qhov ntxa uas John lub Pope Paul II.

Lub hnub nyoog-laus keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim kho

Cov niaj hnub hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov basilica twb tsis tsim txoj cai. Chiv, tsuas yog ib tug me me lub tsev teev ntuj twb ua, thiab rau nws ib tug ob peb centuries tau sau ntawv rau lwm tus. Tab sis, ces nws tau txiav txim siab los mus tsim ib lub tsev teev ntuj rau ntawm qhov chaw, uas yuav tsum tau eclipsed thiab pagan tuam tsev thiab Christian churches, tsim, thiab yog li ntxiv dag zog rau lub Papal States, raws li zoo raws li expanding tus ntawm Catholicism. Tab sis architects, hloov txhua lwm yam, hloov nyob rau hauv lub tswvyim ntawm tus cathedral, muab nyiam mus rau lub Greek cim, lub Latin. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, St. Peter lub qab kom tiav, hloov thiab tam sim no nws yog tag nrho cov qhov ntev ntawm 211,6 meters, nws npog thaj txog 22100 square meters thiab tau muab tso rau ntau tshaj 50 000 neeg. Nws tsev kaum ib thiab plaub caug-tsib altars. Qhov no yog ib tug lossis loj lub tsev teev ntuj, lub sab hauv ntawm cov uas yuav haum raws li qhov loj tshaj plaws cathedrals thiab basilicas nyob rau hauv Teb chaws Europe, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau xws li ib tug kev sib piv rau hauv pem teb ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb cov cim uas qhia qhov ntev teev Cathedral. Ntau ntawm no basilica tsuas cathedral nyob rau hauv lub Ivory ntug dej hiav txwv, uas tau ua twb nyob rau lub kawg cua ntsawj ntshab ntawm tus Cathedral ntawm St. Peter.

Txhab nyiaj ntawm kos duab

St. Peter lub yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm cov kos duab: tus heev heev mosaics thiab tsuas iav qhov rais, paintings thiab murals, stucco, precious relics ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv. Ua ntej yuav nkag mus kawm rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj yog cov nuj nqis ntawm cov Thwj Tim Petus thiab Povlauj, thiab nyob rau hauv sab qaum kev ib ntawm lub qhov rooj - zoo daim duab ntawm tus Khetos thiab cov ntxhais nkauj xwb Mary zaum rau ib lub rooj zaum.

Thaum tus nkag mus rau lub tsev teev ntuj zoo tam sim ntawd ntog rau nws loj loj dome nrog ib lub cheeb ntawm 42 meters, qhov siab - 120 meters. Nyob rau hauv ltalis nws yog hu ua «cupollone» - «kupolische". Los ntawm cov hauv nws yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ib tug mosaic nrog inscriptions nyob rau hauv Latin thiab ancient Greek, tab sis nyob rau hauv nws cov niches yog rau saum cov St. Mathais nrog ib tug tim tswv, Mark nrog tus tsov ntxhuav, Lukas nrog tus twm thiab John nrog ib tug dav dawb hau, pib nyob rau biblical motifs, uas hwm tag nrho Vatican. St. Peter lub yog ciav thiab nws heev heev sculptures. Lub ntsiab pej thuam - ib tug pej thuam ntawm St. Peter, yos los ntawm lub XIII xyoo pua. Nws ntaus nqi qhov miraculous zog, li ntawd, tag nrho cov neeg tuaj xyuas yog siv nws daim di ncauj mus rau lub ko taw ntawm cov thwj tim, uas twb whitened los ntawm heev touches. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntau heev heev chapels nrog lub tombs ntawm tus Vaj, emperors thiab popes. Ntawm no yog tus naas ej marble "Pieta" los ntawm Michelangelo.

St. Peter khaws cia drevneyschie redikvii hmuv tubrog Longinus, uas twb tau raug chob Khetos rau tus ntoo khaub lig, thiab ib tug ntoo crucifix ntaus nqi mus rau cov neeg pleev kob Pietro Cavallini txog XIII - XIV centuries.

Tsis tas li ntawd nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj koj yuav nce mus rau tus soj lawj, nyob rau hauv sab saum toj ntawm lub dome, mus ko taw los yog los ntawm nqa. Soj ncig saib yuav siv sij hawm txog ib teev.

Lub cheeb tsam ze ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj

Nyob rau square di San Pietro, uas yog ib tug zoo ua hauj lwm ntawm nroog npaj vim hais tias ntawm cov kev kab ntsab ntawm nws qhov chaw nyob, muaj ib tug obelisk los ntawm Heliopolis, tsim nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias ib zaug no qhov chaw loj hlob vaj Circus ntawm Nero, qhov twg raug luag muab tua tuag thaum ntxov ntseeg, thiab ces tuag saum ntoo khaublig tus Thwj Tim Peter. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub obelisk, "tau sau tseg" ib lub voj voog - ib yam ntawm cov Colosseum, qhov muaj yog ib txwm ib tug ntau ntawm cov neeg taug kev.