British Tsev khaws puav pheej: cov duab thiab cov kev xyuas. Lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv London: teev

Tsis txhob yuam kev hais tias peb hais tias, tej zaum, feem ntau nrov UK neeg mus ncig tebchaws attraction yog lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv London. Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj plaws Treasuries nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Kuj ceeb tias, nws tau tsim nthawv (raws li tau zoo raws li ntau lwm yam puas nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws). Nws cov hauv paus peb tus kheej collections.

Lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 6 hectares nyob rau hauv lub tsev twb tsa rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo. Lawv muaj teev tag nrho cov paub kev lis kev cai ntawm lub ntiaj teb no niaj hnub no. Lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv London - ib qho ntawm ob peb European tsev ntawm theem no, uas yog nthuav tsis tau tsuas yog cim, tsis tshua muaj teev. Tus qauv nws tus kheej yog ib qho invaluable keeb kwm thiab kev cai monument.

Nws heev advanced muaj hnub nyoog (250 xyoo) yog ncaj qha kev cob cog rua nrog cov keeb kwm ntawm lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv uas lub ntuj sciences flourished. Tej zaum hais tias yog vim li cas tsis yog ib tug patron thiab artist, tus paub txog, naturalist, yog tus founder ntawm tus naas ej lub rooj sib tham. Peb yuav tau tham txog lub muaj koob muaj npe lub tsev hais plaub tus kws kho mob Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753). Thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej nws muaj peev xwm los mus sau ib tug enormous sau los ntawm ethnographic, tej yam ntuj tso science thiab art teev, cov sawv cev zoo nqi.

British Tsev khaws puav pheej: teev

Lub qhov txawv feature ntawm no tsev cia puav pheej - ib tug lossis loj ntau yam ntawm teev. Archaeological thiab ethnographic curiosities yog sab by sab nrog paintings, tej khoom ntawm tej yam ntuj tso-science tis, txheej thaud, cov phau ntawv thiab sculptures.

Tsev khaws puav pheej Keeb kwm

British National tsev cia puav pheej pib nws cov keeb kwm nyob rau hauv 1753. Nws yog ces hais tias lub naturalist los ntawm cov UK Hans Sloane bequeathed nws cim sau los ntawm lub teb chaws. Qhov qhib ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej tau pom zoo los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj cai ntawm lub Parliament ntawm Great teb chaws Aas Kiv. Los ntawm 1759, thaum lub tsev khaws puav pheej officially pib nws cov hauj lwm, ib tug sau ntawm teev Iwj muaj koob muaj npe tsev qiv ntawv.

Sculptures

Nws yog indisputable pearl sau, uas yog txaus siab ntawm lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej. cov sculptures yog hu ua Parthenon moj bis (los yog Elgin marbles). Lub npe lawv tau txais nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus Count, uas tau coj lawv nyob rau hauv lawv lub sij hawm ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws. Niaj hnub no, cov tsev khaws puav pheej boasts lub ntiaj teb no tus loj tshaj plaws sau los ntawm Neeg Esxias duab puab. Iyiv Antiquities department muaj ib tug sau, numbering txog 66 txhiab luam, thiab cov ancient Greek sau muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm lub ntiaj teb no-nrov masterpieces: Demeter pej thuam, ib tug tsoo ntawm Pericles thiab lwm tus neeg.

Lub npe ntawm lawv cov creators nyob twj ywm tsis paub hais tias, txawm tus uniqueness thiab Scope ntawm tej hauj lwm. Muaj yog ib tug version hais tias cov saum thiab friezes ntawm lub Parthenon - cov ua hauj lwm ntawm tus naas ej sculptor los ntawm tim Nkij teb chaws (Phidias), uas saib xyuas qhov kev siv ntawm lub Acropolis. Tsis yog lub teb chaws no sim rov qab mus rau Parthenon moj bis. Nyob rau hauv lem, England yog nyob rau hauv tsis muaj hurry mus hais goodbye nrog priceless treasures. Txhua sab nws muaj nws tus kheej lub tswv yim rau cov teeb meem no: lub Greeks hu ua cov export ntawm priceless relics tub sab tub nyiag, British tsev cia puav pheej neeg ua hauj lwm ntseeg tau hais tias qhov no kev ntsuas duab puab rua ntawm kev puas tsuaj.

Tej zaum, ob sab nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej txoj cai. Earl ntawm Elgin coj ib tug heev peculiar tsoom fwv pom zoo rau qhov export ntawm tej yam khoom los ntawm lub teb chaws. By lub sij hawm lawv yuav tshwm sim tshaj los ntawm lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej, lub Parthenon tshaj ib xyoo pua, nws yog nyob rau hauv ib tug Dilapidated ruins.

Rosetta pob zeb

Yog tsis muaj ib tug tsis ntseeg, qhov no yog ib lub npe nrov tshaj teev, uas yog muaj los ntawm lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej. Yam cuav uas tau pom nyob rau hauv lub lig XVIII caug xyoo. Nws cia Jean Champollion (Fabkis historian-Orientalist, linguist) txhais Iyiv hieroglyphics. Niaj hnub no, qhov no tej yam qub qab greets qhua mus rau lub Egyptian tsev cia puav pheej nrog.

mummy Katabet

Peb thiab ib tug ib nrab txhiab xyoo - lub hnub nyoog ntawm cov mummy Priestess ntawm Amon-Ra, uas nws lub npe yog Katabet. Nws lub cev twb qhwv nyob rau hauv daim ntaub. Ib tug neeg npog ib gilded daim npog qhov ncauj, uas depicts ib tug portrait ntawm ib tug Priestess. Nws yog nthuav tias sarcophagus twb xub thawj yog rau cov txiv neej. Lwm feature ntawm no mummy - Lub hlwb poj niam, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau tag nrho cov lwm yam kabmob twb tsis muab tshem tawm.

Hoa Haka-Nana-Ia

Sau los ntawm lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej muaj lwm lub pov haum. Qhov no Polynesian duab puab, coj los ntawm Easter Island. Nws yog hu ua Hoa Haka-Nana-Ia. Nyob rau qhov no Lavxias teb sab lub npe txhais li "raug nyiag lawm (los yog muab zais) txhua." Chiv Moai carved duab tau pleev xim rau hauv cov dawb thiab xim liab, tab sis lub sij hawm lub xim muaj faded, tawg thiab raug basalt tuff. Qhov no check tej yam ntuj tso ntaub ntawv uas twb siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua monolithic duab puab.

Lub hwj txwv ntawm lub Great Sphinx

Ua tsaug rau lub dag zog ntawm Dzhovanni Batisty Caviglia, ib haiv neeg ntawm ltalis, lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov sau lub caij ntawm lub Great Sphinx hwj txwv. Renowned adventurer Caviglia txiav txim siab mus khawb lub ntsiab attraction ntawm Giza. Henry Ntsev (British Ambassador) muab tso rau ib tug enterprising Italian mob uas tag nrho cov nyob yam khoom, nws yog yuam ua hauj lwm mus rau cov hloov mus rau lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej. Qhov seem tawg tsam ntawm ib cov hwj txwv hais tias Caviglia tshuav nyob rau hauv cov xuab zeb, tam sim no muab nyob rau hauv lub Egyptian Tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv Cairo.

Tsev qiv ntawv ntawm lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej

Nws los ua lub hauv paus tsim nyob rau hauv 1753, ib tug sau ntawm medieval Anglo-Saxon thiab Latin thaud sau los ntawm Sir Hans Sloane. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim ib cov tsev qiv ntawv kev txhawb los ntawm George II. Nws pub rau cov tsev khaws puav pheej los ntawm cov King Edward IV tsev qiv ntawv. Lwm 65 txhiab luam nyob rau hauv lub sau nyob rau hauv 1823. Nws yog ib tug lub txiaj ntsim rau King George III. Nyob rau hauv 1850, lub tsev cia puav pheej tsev yog ib lub npe nrov tshaj kev nyeem ntawv chav hauv lub ntiaj teb no twb qhib - nws ua hauj lwm Karl Marks, Lenin, thiab lwm yam neeg nto moo.

nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th tsev qiv ntawv

Qhov loj tshaj kev tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub British Library tus tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub XX caug xyoo. plaub lub teb chaws sau los ntawm cov phau ntawv tau merged nyob rau hauv Lub Xya hli ntuj 1973. Tom qab ntawd lawv tau tuaj koom los ntawm cov tsev qiv ntawv ntawm Scotland thiab Wales. Nyob rau hauv 1973, lub tsev qiv ntawv System yog tsim los pab. Nws yog zoo rau hnub no - txawj nyeem ntawv yuav tau txais tej phau ntawv uas yog nyob rau hauv lub UK.

Nyob rau hauv tib yam (XX) xyoo pua nyob rau hauv lub British Library tus sau nyob Tug hauj thaud thiab cov earliest luam phau ntawv los ntawm Dunhuang. Nyob rau hauv 1933, lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej yuav nyob rau hauv Russia rau ib puas txhiab phaus Codex Sinaiticus - precious Christian relics uas Soviet hwj chim pom tau hais tias nws ruaj nyob rau hauv ib tug Neeg zej zog.

tsev qiv ntawv sau

Niaj hnub no nws yog lub ntiaj teb no tus loj tshaj plaws sau ntawm cov phau ntawv, phau tau txhais thiab thawj. Tus sau muaj ntau tshaj li ib puas thiab tsib caug txhiab luam. Txij li thaum 1983, nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub tsev qiv ntawv National Suab Archives. Ntawm no, kom sau ntawv thiab suab kaw, thaud ntawm cov suab paj nruas tej hauj lwm - los ntawm Handel rau "Lub Beatles".

duab

Lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej muaj coob exhibition ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov kos duab. Tab sis yog hais tias peb tham txog cov zoo tivthaiv, nws tsis yog ua tsis tau zoo rau lub Louvre nyob rau hauv Paris, los yog St. Petersburg lub Hermitage. Raws li cov xov tooj ntawm lub ntiaj teb no-nrov masterpieces ntawm lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej muaj tsis muaj sib npaug zos. Cov nto moo tshaj plaws ntxias nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, tej zaum tsis yooj yim sua mus nrhiav ib tug uas nws cov duab uas ploj lawm nyob rau London lub rooj sib tham.

Raug gallery

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ua rau lub shores ntawm Albion, kuv xav kawm kos duab rau ntawm qhov chaw no. Qhov no feature muab tag nrho British Tsev khaws puav pheej. Paintings ntawm kuj zoo kawg painters sawv cev ua hauj lwm thiab portraits ntawm Lawrence thiab Gainsborough, Hogarth lub satirical paintings. Lawv qhia cov thawj British kos duab lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv ntau haiv neeg. Hais Painting competes nrog nto moo paintings los ntawm Italian ntxias, Spain, cov Netherlands, uas yog lug sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub London National Gallery.

Ntawm no koj yuav saib tau lub "ntxhais nkauj xwb cov Pob zeb" (Leonardo da Vinci). Qhov no yav tas kev xaiv paintings muab cia rau hauv lub Louvre. Tsev khaws puav pheej qhua yuav txaus siab rau rau paintings los ntawm Botticelli. Ntawm lawv yog cov lub yeej muaj tseeb lub pov haum ntawm tus tswv - "Venus thiab Mars". Cov zaub hauj lwm zoo tuaj Piero della Francesca, Antonello Messina, Veronese, Tintoretto, Tiziano.

Yog hais tias koj muaj hmoo txaus mus xyuas lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej, tsis txhob nco tus sau los ntawm paintings los ntawm Carlo Crivelli - Venetian, uas nyob thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub XV caug xyoo. Niaj hnub no, cov ua hauj lwm ntawm no kuj zoo kawg tswv tsis yog raws li nto moo li qhov kawg ntawm lub XIX xyoo pua, thaum nws "Madonna Rondino" twb tau them ib tug lossis loj sum - 2184 lbs. Koj to taub txog cov nqi ntawm no ua hauj lwm, peb nco ntsoov tias tsuas yog cov uas twb muaj daim duab nyob rau hauv lub gallery ntawm tus poj neeg pleev kob Della Francesca twb kis tau nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nyob rau 241 phaus.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj sau los ntawm lub tsev cia puav pheej yog lub Netherlands School. Nws muaj plaub paintings Yana Van Eyck. Nyob rau hauv txhua tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj yog tsis muaj tej treasures. Lub ntsiab muaj nqis - nws yog ib tug ntawm cov loj tshaj ntawm nws paintings - ib tug portrait ntawm Arnolfini. Ntawm no koj yuav tau ntsib nrog rau cov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Memling, Kampen, Christus, Bosca, van ua dawb Weyden, bouts thiab lwm yam hnub qub ntawm Flemish painting. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, koj yuav pom paintings los ntawm Rubens, Brueghel, Rembrandt, van Dyck.

Tsis txhob mus nyob ib ncig ntawm mus rau lawv cov xim lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm Vermeer ntawm Delft - Dutch neeg pleev kob ntawm lub XVI caug xyoo. Lub British Tsev khaws puav pheej muaj ob tug ntawm nws tej hauj lwm. Nws yog, ntseeg kuv, ib tug ntau. Qhov tseem mysterious ntawm Dutch ntxias, Vermeer, sab laug qab li ob peb cov hauj lwm uas yog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tag nrho nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb account. Txawm nkaus xwb rau ntawm nws paintings yuav pom nyob rau hauv nws cov haiv neeg Holland.

Heev dav nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej nta tej hauj lwm uas nto moo Spanish - Murillo, El Greco, Ribera, Goya, Zurbaran. Creativity loj tshaj cov neeg pleev kob nyob rau hauv Spain Diego Velaskesa sawv cev los ntawm cuaj paintings, thiab nrog lawv muaj yog ib tug ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm nws tej hauj lwm - "Venus nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm daim iav."

German sau los ntawm lub qhov yog tsis yog raws li uas nws kim heev. Cuaj kaum, tus ua hauj lwm ntawm kuj zoo kawg masters xws li Cranach, Altdorfer, Holbein, Durer, Poussin, Watteau, muaj nyob rau hauv lub tsev cia puav pheej.