Asphalt txoj kev khov roj (GOST)

Bitumen - lug siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho cov ntaub ntawv uas, nyob rau lub hydrophobic thiab zoo heev nplaum zog. Nws siv mas thaum asphalting txoj kev. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau heev no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog siv raws li ib tug waterproofing rau vaj tse cov lug. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, tag nrho cov lus yuav kam nrog lub fact tias xws li bitumen, dab tsi yog nws cov khoom thiab daim ntawv thov.

txhais

Bitumen hu ua retinoid tuab khov dub substance. Nws feem ntau los nyob rau hauv nais, uas ua ntej yuav siv yog melted ntawm kev kub muaj peevxwm. Muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub bitumen muaj ib tug heev tham. Nws nruab nrab yog ib tug hydrocarbon compound nrog bases nws derivatives, raws li zoo raws li hlau, pa thiab nitrogen. Yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv no cov ntaub ntawv thiab tag nrho cov hom ntawm hetero compound. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm bitumen yog li ntawd nplua nuj tias cov cim ntawm tag nrho nws cov Cheebtsam yog tsuas tsis yooj yim sua.

Yuav ua li cas yog

Cov khoom tseem ceeb yog siv rau qhov kev npaj ntawm bitumen yog roj. Muaj tsuas yog peb tej kev yuav tsim cov khoom siv no:

1. Concentration ntawm cov residual roj los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation. Qhov kawg khoom no yog mos mos thiab fusible. Los ntawm cov qauv no yog tau los ntawm bitumens vysokosmolistoy (sulfurous) roj.
2. Oxidation ntawm lub sludge (cov roj residue) los ntawm tshuab pa rau ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 180 ... + 300 degrees. Nyob rau hauv no txoj kev nws tau ib tug thermostable elastic khoom.
3. Nws thiab oxidized residual roj distillates khoom.

tej yam ntuj tso bitumen

Nyob rau hauv feem ntau qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog ua artificially nyob rau saum toj no-piav peb hom kev kawm. Txawm li cas los, muaj ib tug tej yam ntuj tso bitumen, yam ntxwv thiab daim ntawv thov uas yog kwv yees li tib yam li hais tias ntawm lub pa. Nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm rau roj teb thiab ntaub ntawv ib yam ntawm cov lens. Nyob rau hauv cov ntshiab daim ntawv no, tej yam ntuj tso bitumen suab tsis tshwm sim. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, nws impregnates tej sediment. Feem ntau, cov no yog cov pob zeb zoo li sandstone los yog limestone. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ntshiab tej yam ntuj tso bitumen tau yam ua ntej sib tsoo pob zeb. Tej zaum qhov no cia li asphaltic pob zeb yog av kom huv si thiab siv nyob rau hauv txoj kev siv.

Hom bitumen rau teb siv

Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog muab faib ua plaub pawg loj:

• Siv cov kev faib bitumen. Nws yog siv rau waterproofing ntawm phab ntsa, cov me nyuam yaus, raus nyob rau hauv ib thaj av ntawm cov ntoo lug, thiab hais txog. D.
• Vov tsev. Nws yog siv rau kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv dej ru tsev ntawm thaj, muaj thiab pej xeem vaj tse.
• Bitumen kev. Cov feem ntau variant siv rau qhov kev npaj ntawm asphalts.
• Rwb thaiv tsev. Nws yog siv los tiv thaiv dej thiab corrosion hlau piping.

txoj kev asphalt

lub hydrophobic khoom yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm kev loj. Muaj ob theem pib hom bitumen:

• Khov. Tau los ntawm cov roj av.
• Kua. Qhov no variant yog manufactured los ntawm ib tug khov bitumen. Raws li cov diluent siv nyob rau hauv no cov roj.

Khov bitumen txoj kev yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm kev loj nyob rau hauv lub warmer lub hlis. Cov kua cov ntaub ntawv uas yog siv nyob rau hauv lub txias rau lub caij. Lub khov bitumen ua ntej stacking yog rhuab mus melting kub. Cov kua cov ntaub ntawv uas tej zaum yuav siv ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv txias thiab sov so rau. Tom qab ib co sij hawm tom qab installation vim oxidative dab xws bitumen nkoog thiab muab ib tug ntom, dej-resistant elastic zaj duab xis.

Yam dab tsi kuv yuav tsum tau saib rau thaum yuav

Muaj tsuas yog peb tej tsis, uas yuav txiav txim seb qhov zoo tshaj ntawm bitumen:

• daim duab softening kub;
• ductility (degree ntawm ductility ntawm bitumen filaments);
• allergic (viscosity).

Cov yav tas index yog txiav txim los ntawm ntsw lub koob mus rau hauv lub bitumen los yog lub khob hliav qab ntawm ib tug tej yam kub.

npav

Kawm txog dab tsi bitumen rau cov hom kev ua hauj lwm yog heev yooj yim. Ua li no, saib cov cim.

• Siv cov kev faib bitumen BN cov tsiaj ntawv.
• Txoj kev - BN los yog BND.
• Vov tsev - BNK.

Tom qab cov tsiaj ntawv yog npav ob tug lej tom qab lub oblique luaj. Tus ntawv zauv no qhia cov softening taw tes, lub thib ob - nyob rau degree ntawm viscosity. Cov yav tas yog txiav txim los ntawm ntsw lub koob mus rau hauv lub bitumen ntawm ib tug kub ntawm 25 ° ^C.

Nyiaj Muas khov bitumen

Raws li twb tau hais, xws li ib tug cov ntaub ntawv uas nkag rau hauv daim los yog nyob rau hauv tej kas tham. Thaum BN yog siv asphalting (roj) thiab BND (bitumen txoj kev). Raws li GOST ua kaum hom ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas (MND los ntawm 200/300 rau 40/60, BN los ntawm 200/300 rau 60/90).

Kua txoj kev bitumen

Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas yog cim nyias. Tsuas muaj ob ntawm nws ntau ntau yam:

1. SG - thooj nyob rau ntawm ib tug nruab nrab ceev.
2. MG - thooj maj mam. Qhov no variant yog siv nyob rau hauv kev siv nyob rau hauv lub II-V climatic ib ncig chaw.

Tom qab cov tsiaj ntawv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no kuj muaj ob tug lej tom qab lub luaj denoting lub pub ntau yam ductility (ntawm ⁶⁰ ° C nrog ib tug aperture ntawm 5 hli los ntawm viscometer).

Thaum twg koj yuav ua si koj yuav tau mus xyuas lub daim ntawv pov thawj (passport) rau cov kua bitumen txoj kev. Mark SG, cia li raws li MG, MND thiab cov BN yuav tsum ua raws li nrog GOST +. Lub fact tias qhov no yog ib daim ntawv, tham ib tug me ntsis tsawg dua.

Kev Nyab Xeeb Thaum ua hauj lwm nrog bitumen

Thaum uas siv cov khoom siv no yuav tsum tau haum ceev faj. Bitumen yog tau zes. Flammability ua index cim yog txiav txim thiaj li flashpoint. Thaum khov txoj kev tsev, vov tsev thiab waterproofing bitumen yog siab dua nyob rau hauv cov kua - hauv qab no. Yog li ntawd, thaum ua hauj lwm nrog rau qhov tseeb yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb tshaj ceev faj.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, thaum ua tau zoo ua hauj lwm uas txuam nrog rau daim ntawv thov, cia, tsheb thauj mus los thiab thiaj li nyob. G. Bitumen kom muaj kev nyab xeeb kev cai nws yuav tsum hnav khaub ncaws tiv thaiv. Qhov no tiv thaiv cov neeg ua hauj lwm los ntawm ntog rau daim tawv nqaij sov so, trudnosmyvaemye dauv.

zoo bitumen passport

Pom tau hais bitumen tuam txhab uas muag yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv GOST 2245-90. Txawm li cas los, muaj ntau yam tuam txhab uas muag tam sim no tsim cov khoom ntawm no yam uas paub yam ntxwv. Yog li ntawd, lub bitumen ntawm ib tug los yog lwm cov brand tshiab tshwj xeeb daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm cov thawj ntawm laboratory daim ntawv pov, kuj hu ua passports. Lawv qhia kom meej tsis xws li allergic, ductility, softening kub ntawm cov khoom, thiab li ntawm. D.

Muab xws li ib tug ntawv no tsis yog tsuas khov, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov kua bitumen txoj kev MG. Passport zoo guarantee raws li cov ntaub ntawv uas cov yam ntxwv thov los ntawm lub chaw tsim tshuaj paus. Rau ntawm daim ntawv compulsorily lo enterprise printing.

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, yuav tsum muaj ib tug passport rau kua roj av bitumen txoj kev SG, raws li zoo raws li vov tsev thiab rwb thaiv tsev. Ntawm cov hom tshiab ntawm no cov ntaub ntawv uas tej zaum yuav muaj xws li, piv txwv li, lub BND-U thiab Euro BV. Nrog kev hwm rau cov zoo qauv tsis txhais los ntawm GOST thiab TU thiab srt. Thaum Euro BV lawm kuj yuav siv sij hawm mus rau hauv tus account uas yuav tsum tau ntawm European txheem EN 12591.

Feem ntau hom

Cov kev siv ntawm feem ntau siv txoj kev bitumen 90/10. Manufacturers tsim thiab muag nws nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau Nrog nws, waterproofing qab lawj, underground qhov chaw ntawm ntoo txhawb lug, inter-vaj huam sib luag tej pob qij txha, qab thiab phab ntsa. Los ntawm lwm nrov heev hom ntawm BN 70/30, nws yog distinguished los ntawm ib tug siab melting point. Qhov no broadens lub Scope ntawm nws siv, txij thaum lub zaj duab xis yog muab los ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm tiv loj kub cua sov.

Thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm kev loj feem ntau siv bitumen txoj kev MG130 / 200. Nws yog siv feem ntau nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw uas lub caij ntuj no kub tsis poob rau hauv qab no 20 ° ^C. Qhov no cov ntaub ntawv uas cov ntaub ntawv uas ib tug heev txhim khu kev qha thiab tus txoj kev nto.

Ntxiv no peb tuaj tus nyeem ntawv nrog rau cov tseem ceeb cov lus yam ntxwv (GOST) ntawm cov ob hom ntawm bitumen.

Bitumen kev, lub tsev thiab vov tsev - cov ntaub ntawv uas, tsis tshua muaj siab thov rau lub lag luam. Pes niaj hnub no nws muaj ntau tuam txhab uas muag. Yog li ntawd, xaiv ib tug zoo cov khoom yuav ua tau heev yooj yim. Qhov loj tshaj plaws - them sai sai mus ntawv thiab yuav feem ntau haum nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no kev xaiv.