AC fais fab. DC thiab AC tam sim no

Ib tug neeg twg uas tau raug xaiv los ua hauj lwm nrog hluav taws xob engineering raws li ib tug profession, yuav tsum zoo heev to taub dab tsi yog qhov chaw ntawm mov, raws li tau zoo raws li lawv cov nta thiab sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tsis muaj dab tsi nyuab, raws li peb yuav qhia nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog tej yam yuav ua li cas yuav zoo niaj hnub ntiaj teb no ploj los ntawm nws hluav taws xob thiab lwm yam khoom siv. Tej zaum, noob neej tseem yuav siv zog xyaw thiab nqaij hwj chim ntawm cov tsiaj thiab ntawm lawv tus kheej cov kwv tij. Ib tug yuav tsis hais raws nraim li uas thawj sab qhov hluav taws xob lub zog: piv txwv li, spinners nyob rau hauv ancient Syria siv cov amber vaj tse magnetized (electrified), Aristotle sim mus tshawb cov possibilities ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, tab sis ua cas cov kev txaus ntshai ntawm xob laim tau paub txij li thaum pib ntawm lub ntiaj teb no (tsis muaj zem ib co haiv neeg pe hawm nws).

Ib tug hluav taws xob tam sim no yog ntawm ob ntau yam - AC thiab DC. Qhov no txawv yog vim nws npaj txoj kev. Raws li, qhov AC fais fab qhov chaw muab ib tug tam sim no ntawm cov thawj hom thiab cov qhov - thib ob. Los ntawm txoj kev, ntawm no lub division rau hauv "thawj - thib ob" conditionally. Nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob engineering, yog siv raws li ib tug fais fab mov AC thiab DC. Cia peb rov qab ib co kev tshawb xav.

Tej hluav taws xob tam sim no sawv cev rau ib tug zog ntawm them hais qhia raws conductive khoom ntawm lub electromotive quab yuam EMF. Sab nraud txiav txim raws li ib co electrons nyob rau txheej orbits ntawm atoms, ntau zog txaus los mus kov yeej lub attraction ntawm lub nucleus. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, muaj dawb xwb muaj - electrons thiab ions. Raws li cov kev cai lij choj ntawm kev txuag ntawm lub zog, ib tug txheej txheem ntawm tej yam ntuj tso recombination hais los ntawm ib ncig atoms ntawm lattice qhov chaw. Tsis muaj lwm lub tswv yim qauv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yog rov qab los. Txawm li cas los, yog hais tias tus neeg xyuas pib yog kev cob cog rua rau ib qhov chaw ntawm electromotive quab yuam, cov generated teb directs lawv mus rau lub recombination nyob rau hauv txoj cai kev taw qhia - ib tug hluav taws xob tam sim no. AC ua tau nruab nrab yog generator emf vector uas nws orientation txawv tseg ntxeev. Li no lub npe "nce mus nce los". AC fais fab mov nyob rau hauv feem ntau tus neeg mob tus sawv cev los ntawm ib tug generating muaj peev xwm - generators nyob rau hauv niaj hnub fais fab nroj tsuag tsim raws nraim alternating tam sim no. Lawv yog cov ntau txhim khu kev qha nyob rau hauv lub lag luam thiab yooj yim kom muaj, dua li cov collector qauv rau DC. Cov kos duab AC fais fab qhov chaw yog feem ntau xaiv los ntawm ib lub voj voog nrog ib tug yoj sab hauv. Nthwv dej no - ib lub cim daim duab ntawm ib tug sine yoj.

AC qhov chaw ua zog ntawm tus hais tsis tau tsuas yog nrog hloov kev coj, tab sis ib tug "floating" quab yuam nqi. Sheer sinusoid ntawd hais tias tsis tseg cov nqi kis tau los ntawm xoom.

Nyob rau ib tug txawv kiag li txoj ntsiab cai raws li DC lub hwj chim. Lawv tsim ib tug neeg xyuas pib qhov hluav taws xob field nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm txoj kev directional zog muaj particle xwb. Nws yog suav tias yog hais tias ib tug tam sim no ntws los ntawm zoo rau qhov tsis zoo hu (los ntawm zoo los tsis zoo). Nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag, cov electrons tsiv mus nyob rau kev coj rov qab - los ntawm Rho tawm mus ntxiv. Txij li thaum tus nqi ntawm ib tug tib electron yog tsis zoo, lub davhlau ya nyob twg nrog ib tug "rho tawm" kos npe rau ntawd qhov tshaj ntawm tus hais (li no tag nrho xwb). Raws li qhov tseeb hais tias lub nrog oppositely them hais nyiam txhua lwm yam, nws tsis yog nyuaj rau twv hais tias cov electrons txav los ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib los ntawm lub "rho tawm" ib tug "plus". Pub dag kev hloov ntawm cov tam sim no muaj nqis - ntawm no tam sim no tsis tu tsis tseg yuav ruaj khov. Muaj ntau ntau txawv daws rau hloov qhov ncaj tam sim no mus rau hauv alternating (sine yoj generators) thiab vice versa (rectifiers, txuas hniav).